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Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica... Apr 2021The objective of this study was to systematically review the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women who underwent percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this study was to systematically review the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women who underwent percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) during pregnancy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A search was conducted on MEDLINE and Embase databases to identify studies published between 2000 and 2018 that reported on maternal and fetal outcomes following PBMV performed in pregnancy. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies and case series with four or more pregnancies in which PBMV was performed during pregnancy were included. Reference lists from relevant articles were also hand-searched for relevant citations. A successful procedure was defined as one where there was a reported improvement in the valve area or reduction in the mitral valve gradient. A random effects model was used to derive pooled estimates of various outcomes and the final estimates were reported as percentages with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
RESULTS
Twenty-one observational studies reporting 745 pregnancies were included in the review, all of them having reported outcomes without a comparison group. Most of the studies fell into the low-risk category as determined using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for case series. Most of the studies (86%) were reported from low- to middle-income countries and PBMV was mostly performed during the second trimester of pregnancy. Forty-three procedures (5.7%) were unsuccessful, nearly half (n = 19) of them reported among women with the severe subvalve disease (Wilkins subvalve score 3 or more). There were 11 maternal deaths among those with suboptimal valve anatomy (severe subvalve disease or Wilkin score >8). Mitral regurgitation was the most common cardiac complication (12.7%; 95% CI 7.3%-19.1%), followed by restenosis (2.4%; 95% CI 0.02%-7.2%). Pooled incidence of cesarean section was 12.1% (95% CI 3.6%-23.8%), preterm delivery 3.9% (95% CI 0.6%-9.0%), stillbirth 0.9% (95%CI 0.2%-2.2%) and low birthweight 5.4% (95% CI 0.2%-14.7%).
CONCLUSIONS
PBMV may be an effective and safe procedure for optimizing outcomes in pregnant women with mitral stenosis in the absence of severe subvalve disease.
Topics: Balloon Valvuloplasty; Female; Humans; Mitral Valve Stenosis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Pregnancy Outcome; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33070306
DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14029 -
PloS One 2021Associations between rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in pregnancy and fetal outcomes are relatively unknown. This study aimed to review rates and predictors of major... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Associations between rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in pregnancy and fetal outcomes are relatively unknown. This study aimed to review rates and predictors of major adverse fetal outcomes of RHD in pregnancy.
METHODS
Medline (Ovid), Pubmed, EMcare, Scopus, CINAHL, Informit, and WHOICTRP databases were searched for studies that reported rates of adverse perinatal events in women with RHD during pregnancy. Outcomes included preterm birth, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), low-birth weight (LBW), perinatal death and percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty intervention. Meta-analysis of fetal events by the New-York Heart Association (NYHA) heart failure classification, and the Mitral-valve Area (MVA) severity score was performed with unadjusted random effects models and heterogeneity of risk ratios (RR) was assessed with the I2 statistic. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020161529).
FINDINGS
The search identified 5949 non-duplicate records of which 136 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 22 studies included, 11 studies were eligible for meta-analyses. In 3928 pregnancies, high rates of preterm birth (9.35%-42.97%), LBW (12.98%-39.70%), IUGR (6.76%-22.40%) and perinatal death (0.00%-9.41%) were reported. NYHA III/IV pre-pregnancy was associated with higher rates of preterm birth (5 studies, RR 2.86, 95%CI 1.54-5.33), and perinatal death (6 studies, RR 3.23, 1.92-5.44). Moderate /severe mitral stenosis (MS) was associated with higher rates of preterm birth (3 studies, RR 2.05, 95%CI 1.02-4.11) and IUGR (3 studies, RR 2.46, 95%CI 1.02-5.95).
INTERPRETATION
RHD during pregnancy is associated with adverse fetal outcomes. Maternal NYHA III/IV and moderate/severe MS in particular may predict poor prognosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Mitral Valve Stenosis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Premature Birth; Rheumatic Heart Disease
PubMed: 34185797
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253581 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Oct 2021Although transcatheter technology has achieved some success in the field of mitral valves, the feasibility of applying it to patients with degenerated mitral valve... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Transcatheter mitral valve replacement for degenerated mitral valve bioprostheses, failure of mitral valvuloplasty and native valve with severe mitral annulus calcification: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Although transcatheter technology has achieved some success in the field of mitral valves, the feasibility of applying it to patients with degenerated mitral valve bioprostheses (valve-in-valve, ViV), failure of mitral valvuloplasty (valve-in-ring, ViR) and serious mitral annulus calcification (vale-in-MAC, ViMAC) has not been effectively evaluated.
METHODS
By searching published literature before December 5, 2020 in four databases, we found all the literature related to the evaluation of feasibility assessment of TMViV, TMViR and TMViMAC. Outcomes focused on all-cause mortality within 30 days, bleeding and LVOT obstruction.
RESULTS
A total of six studies were included, and all of them were followed up for at least 30 days. After analysis of the ViV-ViR group, we obtained the following results: the all-cause mortality within 30 days of the ViV group was lower than that of the ViR group. Life-threatening or fatal bleeding was more likely to occur in the ViR group after surgery. At the same time, the ViR group was more prone to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. However, in the ViMAC-ViR group, only the all-cause mortality within 30 days and stroke were statistically significant. In the indirect comparison, we found that TMViV had the best applicability, followed by TMViR. There were few TMViMAC available for analysis, and it requires further studies to improve the accuracy of the results.
CONCLUSION
TMViV and TMViR had good applicability and could benefit patients who underwent repeat valve surgery. The feasibility of TMViMAC needs to be further explored and improved.
Topics: Bioprosthesis; Cardiac Catheterization; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Mitral Valve; Mitral Valve Annuloplasty; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Prosthesis Design; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34629106
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01677-7 -
International Journal of Cardiology.... Apr 2021Percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy PMBV is an acceptable alternative to Mitral valve surgery for patients with mitral stenosis. The purpose of this study was to...
AIMS
Percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy PMBV is an acceptable alternative to Mitral valve surgery for patients with mitral stenosis. The purpose of this study was to explore the immediate results of PMBV with respect to echocardiographic changes, outcomes, and complications, using a -analysis approach.
METHODS
MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were searched (01/2012 to 10/2018) for original research articles regarding the efficacy and safety of PMBV. Two reviewers independently screened references for inclusion and abstracted data including article details and echocardiographic parameters before and 24-72 h after PMBV, follow-up duration, and acute complications. Disagreements were resolved by third adjudicator. Quality of all included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale NOS.
RESULTS
44/990 references met the inclusion criteria representing 6537 patients. Our findings suggest that PMBV leads to a significant increase in MVA (MD = 0.81 cm; 0.76-0.87, p < 0.00001), LVEDP (MD = 1.89 mmHg; 0.52-3.26, p = 0.007), LVEDV EDV (MD = 5.81 ml; 2.65-8.97, p = 0.0003) and decrease in MPG (MD = -7.96 mmHg; -8.73 to -7.20, p < 0.00001), LAP (MD = -10.09 mmHg; -11.06 to -9.12, p < 0.00001), and SPAP (MD = -15.55 mmHg; -17.92 to -13.18, p < 0.00001). On short term basis, the pooled overall incidence estimates of repeat PMBV, mitral valve surgery, post-PMBV severe MR, and post-PMBV stroke, and systemic thromboembolism were 0.5%, 2%, 1.4%, 0.4%, and 0.7%% respectively. On long term basis, the pooled overall incidence estimates of repeat PMBV, mitral valve surgery, post-PMBV severe MR, and post-PMBV stroke, systemic thromboembolism were 5%, 11.5%, 5.5%, 2.7%, and 1.7% respectively.
CONCLUSION
PMBV represents a successful approach for patients with mitral stenosis as evidenced by improvement in echocardiographic parameters and low rate of complications.
PubMed: 33889711
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100765 -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Feb 2018The native mitral lesion of active infective endocarditis implies a poor prognosis and is associated with adverse short- or long-term results without surgical treatment.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The native mitral lesion of active infective endocarditis implies a poor prognosis and is associated with adverse short- or long-term results without surgical treatment. Both mitral valvuloplasty (MVP) and mitral valve replacement (MVR) have been performed in the treatment of active native mitral infective endocarditis (ANMIE). However, the outcomes of the two approaches remain unclear. The aim of this study was to systematically review the two procedures with mortality and survival as the primary endpoints.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify all relevant studies with comparative data on MVP versus MVR for the treatment of ANMIE. Information on baseline characteristics of patients, operation method, quality of literature, follow-up, and so forth was abstracted using standardized protocols. Pooled odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) was calculated and possible publication bias was tested.
RESULTS
Nine comparative observational studies with a total of 633 patients (MVP = 265, MVR = 368) were identified for qualitative assessment, data extraction, and analysis. The summary OR for operative mortality, comparing repair with replacement, was 0.37 (95% CI 0.0.18-0.80; p = 0.0005). Summary 1- and 5-year HRs for event-free survival were 0.43 (95% CI 0.20-0.92; p = 0.03) and 0.44 (95% CI 0.25-0.77, p = 0.004), respectively (repair vs. replacement). Summary 1- and 5-year survival HRs were 0.51 (95% CI 0.24-1.08; p = 0.08) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.32-0.96; p = 0.004), respectively (repair vs. replacement). No heterogeneity was revealed between studies, and possible publication bias was insignificant.
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis suggests that MVP may be associated with superior postoperative survival outcomes compared with MVR. MVP is desirable, if possible, as a durable alternative to replacement. However, we must consider the influence of different patient characteristics and surgeons' preferences on the choice of surgical approach, and additional powered clinical trials will be required to confirm these findings.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Endocarditis; Female; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve
PubMed: 29050727
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.08.017