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Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) May 2021: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current data about the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its entry... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current data about the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its entry factors in oral tissues and cells. : This systematic review was carried out based on the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Three databases were analyzed (Pubmed, Web of science and Scopus) by three independent researchers. From the 18 identified studies, 10 of them met the inclusion criteria. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 or its entry factors (angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2), transmembrane serine proteases (TMPRSS), and furin) was analyzed in these 10 studies during the pandemic. ACE2 expression was analyzed in 9 of the 10 studies. ACE2 is expressed mainly in the tongue, oral mucosa, salivary glands and epithelial cells. The expression of the TMPRSS2 gene or protein was analyzed in 6 studies. These studies reported that the expression of TMPRSS2 was mainly in the salivary glands, tongue, sulcular epithelium and oral mucosa; as well as in cells of the salivary glands (ductal, acinar and myoepithelial cells) and the tongue (the spinous-based cell layer, horny layer and the epithelial surface). Other TMPRSS were also reported. The expression of TMPRSS3, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS5, TMPRSS7 and TMPRSS11D was reported mainly in salivary glands and in epithelial-type cells. Furan expression was analyzed in three studies. The expression of furin was detected mainly in epithelial cells of the tongue. A variety of methods were used to carry out the detection of SARS-CoV-2 or its input molecules. : These results show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect a wide variety of oral tissues and cells, and that together with the theories dedicated to explaining the oral symptoms present in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, it provides us with a good scientific basis for understanding the virus infection in the oral cavity and its consequences.
Topics: COVID-19; Furin; Humans; Membrane Proteins; Mouth Mucosa; Neoplasm Proteins; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Serine Endopeptidases
PubMed: 34070998
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57060523 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2021HER2 aberrations in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) as well as benefit of HER2 directed therapy have been reported in small studies. However, reliable estimates of the...
BACKGROUND
HER2 aberrations in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) as well as benefit of HER2 directed therapy have been reported in small studies. However, reliable estimates of the prevalence of HER2 positivity in SGC and its various histological subtypes are lacking.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of HER2 positivity in histological subtypes of salivary gland carcinomas (SGC).
METHODS
Studies were identified by a systematic review of the literature. Data on hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were extracted to derive pooled prevalence estimates calculated by a random effects model. Characteristics of the studies were extracted for subgroup analysis.
RESULTS
Fifty studies including 3372 patients were identified, providing data on sixteen histological subtypes. Based on the meta-analysis, the estimated prevalence of HER2 positivity were 43% (95% CI: 36% - 51%) in salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), 39% (95% CI: 32% - 45%) in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEP), 17% (95% CI: 7.5% - 33%) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 13% (95% CI: 7.6% - 21%) in adenocarcinoma NOS (ADC), 6.7% (95% CI: 0.17%-32%) in poorly differentiated carcinoma, 5.5% (95% CI: 2.9% - 9.6%) in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 4.3% (95% CI: 1.4% - 13%) in myoepithelial carcinoma, 1.8% (95% CI: 0.04%-9.6%) in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, 0.45% (95% CI: 0.0097% - 18%) in acinic cell carcinoma and 0.15% (0.037% - 5.4%) in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Estimates for five additional subtypes were assessed.
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of HER 2 positivity in SGC varies greatly based on histological subtype, with SDC, CEP, SCC, and ADC displaying the highest rates.
PubMed: 34249747
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.693394 -
The Chinese Journal of Dental Research 2020Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and pleomorphic adenoma (PA) are the most common types of salivary gland tumours; the former is malignant and the latter is...
Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and pleomorphic adenoma (PA) are the most common types of salivary gland tumours; the former is malignant and the latter is benign but with features of a border tumour. Proteoglycans (PGs) produced by neoplastic myoepithelial cells are ubiquitous in both types of tumours. However, normal myoepithelial cells of salivary glands do not have the ability to secrete PGs. When the synthesis of PGs is blocked, the pulmonary metastasis and perineural growth of salivary ACC as well as the implanting growth of salivary PA are inhibited, highlighting the important functions of PGs in the tumourigenesis and development of these two tumours. In this review, we summarise literature from the past 40 years, including more recent findings from our laboratory, to clarify the pivotal roles of PGs produced by neoplastic myoepithelial cells in both the histogenesis and biological behaviours of ACC and PA.
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Carcinogenesis; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Humans; Proteoglycans; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 32232225
DOI: 10.3290/j.cjdr.a44332