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Cancers Jan 2023Background: Frequently, patients treated for Ovarian Cancer (OC) undergo menopause with subsequent symptoms. This review scrutinised the impact of Hormone Replacement... (Review)
Review
Background: Frequently, patients treated for Ovarian Cancer (OC) undergo menopause with subsequent symptoms. This review scrutinised the impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) on the Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-Free Survival (PFS) of patients diagnosed with OC. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the most popular English databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select publications that evaluate OS and PFS in these patients. End-point analysis targeted values of log(HR) and its Standard Error (SE). Results: Up to 1 September 2022, 11 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Eight publications, totalling 4191 patients, were included in the meta-analyses. Eight studies were considered for the OS analysis and pooled an HR of 0.66 with respective 95% CI between 0.57 and 0.76, with a p-value < 0.00001 at a Z value of 5.7, in favour of the HRT group. Results for PFS showed an overall HR of 0.73 in favour of the HRT group; CI between 0.57 and 0.95, p = 0.02 at a Z value of 2.36. Further subgroup analyses highlighted the non-inferiority of this treatment. Conclusions: Patients treated for OC that receive HRT for menopausal symptoms after various treatments appeared to have better OS than never-users.
PubMed: 36672307
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020356 -
Journal of Investigative Surgery : the... Dec 2023This study aims to investigate the association between miR-203 expression and the prognostic value in patients with esophageal cancer by the method of systematic review... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the association between miR-203 expression and the prognostic value in patients with esophageal cancer by the method of systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library to collect studies on the relationship between miR-203 expression and the prognostic value of esophageal cancer up to July 2023. Stata 15.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect sizes.
RESULTS
A total of 6 studies were included in this review, including 476 patients with esophageal cancer. The results showed that miR-203 low expression was associated with worse overall survival (OS) in patients with esophageal cancer compared with miR-203 high expression (HR = 2.80, 95%CI: 1.99 ∼ 3.93, < 0.001). The results of Egger's ( = 0.154) and Begg's Tests ( = 0.221) indicated no obvious publication bias. Sensitivity analysis verified the robustness of the results obtained in this study.
CONCLUSION
The expression of miR-203 is significantly correlated with the prognostic value in patients with esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer patients with high expression of miR-203 had better prognosis than those with low expression of miR-203. Due to the limited studies included in this meta-analysis, more trials are needed to confirm the conclusions of this study in the future.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Esophageal Neoplasms; Biomarkers, Tumor; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 38047456
DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2023.2285780 -
Journal of the American Medical... Jun 2016Poor gait performance predicts risk of developing dementia. No structured critical evaluation has been conducted to study this association yet. The aim of this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Poor gait performance predicts risk of developing dementia. No structured critical evaluation has been conducted to study this association yet. The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically examine the association of poor gait performance with incidence of dementia.
METHODS
An English and French Medline search was conducted in June 2015, with no limit of date, using the medical subject headings terms "Gait" OR "Gait Disorders, Neurologic" OR "Gait Apraxia" OR "Gait Ataxia" AND "Dementia" OR "Frontotemporal Dementia" OR "Dementia, Multi-Infarct" OR "Dementia, Vascular" OR "Alzheimer Disease" OR "Lewy Body Disease" OR "Frontotemporal Dementia With Motor Neuron Disease" (Supplementary Concept). Poor gait performance was defined by standardized tests of walking, and dementia was diagnosed according to international consensus criteria. Four etiologies of dementia were identified: any dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and non-AD (ie, pooling VaD, mixed dementias, and other dementias). Fixed effects meta-analyses were performed on the estimates in order to generate summary values.
RESULTS
Of the 796 identified abstracts, 12 (1.5%) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Poor gait performance predicted dementia [pooled hazard ratio (HR) combined with relative risk and odds ratio = 1.53 with P < .001 for any dementia, pooled HR = 1.79 with P < .001 for VaD, HR = 1.89 with P value < .001 for non-AD]. Findings were weaker for predicting AD (HR = 1.03 with P value = .004).
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis provides evidence that poor gait performance predicts dementia. This association depends on the type of dementia; poor gait performance is a stronger predictor of non-AD dementias than AD.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Dementia; Female; Gait; Humans; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Psychomotor Performance
PubMed: 26852960
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.092 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2017The outcomes of studies analyzing the prognostic role of CTLA-4 in cancers are controversial. Therefore, the aim of our meta-analysis was to clarify the correlation... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The outcomes of studies analyzing the prognostic role of CTLA-4 in cancers are controversial. Therefore, the aim of our meta-analysis was to clarify the correlation between CTLA-4 expression and OS in different cancer cases. Relevant literature was searched using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The clinicopathological features, hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were collected from these studies and were analyzed using Stata version 12.0 software. The pooled HR values showed no significant correlation between CTLA-4 expression levels and OS in relation to tumors (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.98-1.56, I2 = 71.7%, P = 0.000). Further subgroup analyses were conducted and categorized by experimental methods, CTLA-4 sources and cancer types. The survey showed a significant correlation (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.14-1.89) between high expression of CTLA-4 and OS in the SNP subgroup, and subgroups analyzing by PCR (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.20-1.86) and flow cytometry (HR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.49-5.14). In addition, our analysis observed significant differences between patients and controls in inCTLA-4+CD4+ lymphocytes, surCTLA-4+CD4+ lymphocytes, inCTLA-4+CD8+ lymphocytes, and surCTLA-4+CD8+ lymphocytes. Knowledge of the effects of CTLA-4 could potentially be used to effectively guide appropriate prognosis and therapeutic strategies in cancer patients.
Topics: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CTLA-4 Antigen; Databases, Factual; Humans; Neoplasms; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Survival Rate
PubMed: 28211499
DOI: 10.1038/srep42913 -
Contemporary Clinical Trials... Sep 2017Abstracts are often the only read summaries of research findings, and it is essential that they accurately represent of the contents of the full text of the randomised... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Abstracts are often the only read summaries of research findings, and it is essential that they accurately represent of the contents of the full text of the randomised control trial (RCT). We investigated whether outcomes in surgical trials were selectively reported in abstracts based on their statistical significance.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the proportion of significant p-values reported in abstracts to their corresponding full texts in surgical RCTs.
METHOD
A Meta-analysis of 350 full text RCTs conducted on humans that compared a surgical intervention to any other intervention. An electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) was conducted. All outcomes were extracted from the abstract and the full text. Frequency histograms were used to plot the distribution of numerically reported p-values across the statistical significance spectrum. For each RCT, a 2 × 2 table was populated with that trial's outcomes and whether the outcome was statistically significant (p < 0.05). From each 2 × 2 table, an odds ratio (OR) was calculated describing the association between statistical significance, and reporting in the abstract. ORs were pooled in random effects meta-analysis for an overall estimate of the association.
RESULTS
A total of 8258 reported outcomes were included. Outcomes reported in a surgical RCT abstract had three times the odds of being significant when compared to the corresponding full text (OR = 3.0, 95% confidence interval 2.5-3.6, p < 0.001). This finding was consistent and not subject to heterogeneity (I = 0%). Both histograms demonstrated a large drop in the frequency of reported p values between 0.04 and 0.05, and after the 0.06 thresholds.
CONCLUSIONS
Data presented in abstracts is biased to statistically significant outcomes. Clinicians and policy makers should do not rely solely on information presented in abstracts for their decision-making.
PubMed: 29696186
DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2017.07.007 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Oct 2022This study aims to model the relationship among performance, whole body composition, and processing yield through meta-regression. Scientific papers found in Scopus and... (Review)
Review
This study aims to model the relationship among performance, whole body composition, and processing yield through meta-regression. Scientific papers found in Scopus and Google Scholar were included if they reported results and variability values of an actual experiment in the three mentioned groups of variables using a single broiler genetic line. Weighted mean effect sizes were determined with a random model, the risk of bias was determined, and heterogeneity was considered an indicator of usefulness. Meta-regressions considered the effect sizes of the response variable and the percent change in one or more variables as predictors. A 78-row database was built from 14 papers, including nine factors tested on 22,256 broilers. No influencing bias was found, and the data was determined useful. Meta-regressions showed that the changes in body weight gain (BWG) are inversely related to the effects in feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p < 0.001) and that the changes in FCR and effects in protein-to-fat gain (PFG) are directly related (p < 0.001). The changes in PFG and the effects on carcass conformation or the market value of birds are directly related (p < 0.001). In conclusion, body composition predicts carcass conformation and its market value, supporting its use to predict the economic value of broilers.
PubMed: 36230447
DOI: 10.3390/ani12192706 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2022There is no summative quantitative study that report the difference in BMI in high screen user children and adolescents or give a difference in screen time in children...
BACKGROUND
There is no summative quantitative study that report the difference in BMI in high screen user children and adolescents or give a difference in screen time in children and adolescents with obesity vs. children and adolescents without obesity. In the current meta-analysis we systematically summarized the association between obesity and screen time and meta-analyzed the results.
METHODS
A systematic search from Scopus, PubMed and Embase electronic databases. Studies that evaluated the association between screen time and obesity up to June 2021.
RESULTS
Results revealed that those at the highest screen time category had 0.7 kg/m higher BMI (WMD = 0.703; CI = 0.128, 1.278; < 0.016; = 95.8%). Moreover, children and adolescents with obesity had a mean value of 0.313 h higher screen time compared with children and adolescents without obesity (WMD: 0.313; OR = 0.219, 0.407; < 0.001; = 96%). The results of subgrouping showed that study quality, continent and sample size could reduce the heterogeneity values. No evidence of publication bias was reported according to visual asymmetry of funnel plots and the results of Begg's and Egger's tests.
CONCLUSION
For the first time, the current systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a positive association between screen time and obesity among children and adolescents. Due to the cross-sectional design of the included studies, causal inference is impossible, therefore, further studies in separate analysis of both genders are suggested to better elucidate gender-specific results.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [CRD4202123 3899].
PubMed: 35620148
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.822108 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Jan 2018To define probiotic monotherapy effect on () status by performing a systematic review. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
To define probiotic monotherapy effect on () status by performing a systematic review.
METHODS
Methods of analysis and inclusion criteria were based on PRISMA recommendations. Relevant publications were identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and EMBASE. The end-point was to estimate eradication rate and urea breath test delta value before and after probiotic monotherapy across all studies and, overall, with a pooled data analysis. Adverse events of probiotic therapy were evaluated. The data were expressed as proportions/percentages, and 95%CIs were calculated. For continuous variables, we evaluated the weighted mean difference. Odd ratios (ORs) were calculated according to the Peto method for the comparison of eradication rates between probiotics and placebo.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were selected. Probiotics eradicated in 50 out of 403 cases. The mean weighted eradication rate was 14% (95%CI: 2%-25%, = 0.02). Lactobacilli eradicated the bacterium in 30 out of 235 patients, with a mean weighted rate of 16% (95%CI: 1%-31%). achieved eradication in 6 out of 63 patients, with a pooled eradication rate of 12% (95%CI: 0%-29%). Multistrain combinations were effective in 14 out of 105 patients, with a pooled eradication rate of 14% (95%CI: 0%-43%). In the comparison of probiotics placebo, we found an OR of 7.91 in favor of probiotics (95%CI: 2.97-21.05, < 0.001). Probiotics induced a mean reduction in delta values higher than placebo (8.61% with a 95%CI: 5.88-11.34, 0.19% for placebo, < 0.001). Finally, no significant difference in adverse events was found between probiotics and placebo (OR = 1, 95%CI: 0.06-18.08).
CONCLUSION
Probiotics alone show a minimal effect on clearance, thus suggesting a likely direct role.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Chi-Square Distribution; Child; Female; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Probiotics; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 29358890
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i1.139 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2020To determine the prognostic values of histopathologic classification of myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prognostic values of histopathologic classification of myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis and other clinical and laboratory features at the time of presentation on renal and patient survival associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (MPO-ANCA-GN).
METHODS
A total of 112 patients diagnosed with MPO-ANCA-GN from October 2005 to December 2018 were enrolled. The baseline clinical characteristics, renal histopathological data, and risk factors predictive of renal and patient survival were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS
All 112 patients underwent renal biopsy. Disease in 32 patients was classified as focal, 26 as mixed, 29 as crescentic, and 25 as sclerotic. Over a median follow-up period of 41.5 months, there were 44 patients dialysis-dependent. The renal survival rate was significantly higher in the focal group than the other groups ( < 0.001) and significantly lower in the sclerotic group ( < 0.05). In addition, disease histopathologically classified as sclerotic ( = 0.044), high serum creatinine level (≥320 μmol/L, < 0.001), low albumin (<30 g/L, = 0.024) and hemoglobin level (<90 g/L, = 0.044) were associated with a greater risk of ESRD. After follow-up, 70 (62.5%) of 112 patients survived. Old age (≥60 years, = 0.018) and low serum albumin (<30 g/L, = 0.006) was significant risk factor for patient survival.
CONCLUSION
Among patients with MPO-ANCA-GN, those with poor renal function, disease histopathologically classified as sclerotic, and lower albumin and hemoglobin levels were risk factors for ESRD, while older age and low serum albumin level were associated with a greater risk for all-cause mortality.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Biopsy; Disease Progression; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Glucocorticoids; Hemoglobins; Humans; Kidney Glomerulus; Male; Middle Aged; Peroxidase; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Renal Dialysis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Serum Albumin, Human
PubMed: 33613528
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607261 -
PeerJ 2023The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) expression is associated with clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of various cancers; however, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) expression is associated with clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of various cancers; however, the conclusions are controversial. As a result, this study aimed to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic values of RACK1 expression in patients with cancer.
METHODOLOGY
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were comprehensively explored from their inception to April 20, 2023, for selecting studies on the clinicopathological and prognostic role of RACK1 in patients with cancer that met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prognosis-predictive value of RACK1 expression, while pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were used to evaluate the correlation between RACK1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cancer. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS
Twenty-two studies (13 on prognosis and 20 on clinicopathological characteristics) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings indicated that high RACK1 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.13-2.33; = 0.009; I = 89%) and reversely correlated with disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.22-2.88; = 0.004; I = 0%). Furthermore, increased RACK1 expression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion/N+ stage (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.04-2.90; = 0.04; I = 79%) of tumors.
CONCLUSIONS
RACK1 may be a global predictive marker of poor prognosis in patients with cancer and unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. However, further clinical studies are required to validate these findings.
Topics: Humans; Disease-Free Survival; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms; Prognosis; Receptors for Activated C Kinase
PubMed: 37601269
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15873