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Substance Abuse 2020Valid assessment of adolescent substance use is important in both research and clinical applications. However, the optimal approach to assessing adolescent use remains...
Valid assessment of adolescent substance use is important in both research and clinical applications. However, the optimal approach to assessing adolescent use remains controversial, particularly with regard to the use of parent-reported measures. : Using a systematic review of existing literature, we sought to evaluate the utility of parent measures of adolescent alcohol and cannabis use by examining their correspondence with self-report measures. Furthermore, we investigated study-related variables that may be associated with differing levels of parentchild correspondence. Relevant articles were identified using a systematic search across multiple databases. : The review revealed generally poor agreement between parent and adolescent reports of alcohol and cannabis use. Parents consistently underestimated use and problems associated with use when compared with adolescents. Community-based (versus clinical) samples, reporting regarding alcohol (versus cannabis), and reporting problems associated with use (versus reports of use/nonuse) were each associated with lower levels of parentchild agreement. : Recommendations for the optimal use of parent measures of adolescent substance use are provided.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Cannabis; Humans; Parents; Self Report; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 31809653
DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2019.1692123 -
Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal... Jan 2024Obesity may track across generations, due to genetics and shared family environmental factors, or possibly intrauterine programming. However, many studies only assess... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Obesity may track across generations, due to genetics and shared family environmental factors, or possibly intrauterine programming. However, many studies only assess associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and offspring BMI in childhood. To determine whether maternal and paternal associations with offspring BMI differ and whether associations persist into adulthood, a systematic review and meta-analysis was done. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (to October 2022) were searched. Observational studies reporting associations between maternal or paternal BMI and adult offspring BMI were included. Offspring BMIs were reported as continuous or categorical measures. Forty-six studies were included in the systematic review. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models. Parental BMI was positively associated with offspring BMI in adulthood. The pooled mother-offspring standardized mean difference (SMD) was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20, 0.26), and father-offspring SMD was similar: 0.22 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.25) in adjusted models. Offspring of mothers with overweight or obesity had the same risk of higher BMI as offspring of fathers with overweight or obesity. If these associations are causal, they support interventions targeting all family members, rather than focusing solely on mothers, to obtain a healthy weight development among offspring.
Topics: Female; Adult; Humans; Body Mass Index; Overweight; Adult Children; Parents; Obesity; Mothers
PubMed: 37783229
DOI: 10.1111/obr.13644 -
Seminars in Oncology Nursing Oct 2023This systematic review aimed to determine the content, mode of delivery, assessment, and outcomes of educational interventions to equip health and social care...
A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions to Equip Health and Social Care Professionals to Promote End-of-Life Supportive Care when a Parent with Dependent Children is Dying with Cancer.
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aimed to determine the content, mode of delivery, assessment, and outcomes of educational interventions to equip health and social care professionals when delivering end of life supportive care for parents dying with cancer who have dependent children.
DATA SOURCES
A mixed-methods systematic review was undertaken. Six electronic database were searched from their inception until September 2023 (Medline OVID, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and ERIC), supplemented by citation chaining, grey literature searches using Google Advanced Search and relevant professional bodies. Quality assessment was conducted independently by two researchers on the included studies. A convergent integrated approach was utilised for data synthesis.
CONCLUSION
The review identified two educational interventions; highlighting a dearth of training opportunities to equip health and social care professionals to provide supportive care to families when a parent is at end of life with cancer. Despite health and social care professionals reported need and desire for upskilling in this area of clinical practice, there is a severe lack of evidence-based educational interventions. It is imperative that effective educational interventions are made accessible to professionals.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
There is an imminent need for robust educational interventions to be developed, as health and social care professionals often lack the knowledge, skills and confidence on how best to support families when a parent of dependent children is at end of life. Health and social care professionals engagement with high-quality, evidence-based and theory-driven educational interventions has the potential to impact professionals' provision of family-centred cancer care at end of life. This could lead to better mental and physical outcomes for the whole family at end of life and in bereavement.
Topics: Humans; Child; Terminal Care; Parents; Social Support; Death; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37481410
DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151474 -
The International Journal of Behavioral... Nov 2017While the role of parenting in children's eating behaviors has been studied extensively, less attention has been given to its potential association with children's... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
While the role of parenting in children's eating behaviors has been studied extensively, less attention has been given to its potential association with children's snacking habits. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review to describe associations between food parenting and child snacking, or consuming energy dense foods/foods in between meals.
METHODS
Six electronic databases were searched using standardized language to identify quantitative studies describing associations of general and feeding-specific parenting styles as well as food parenting practices with snacking behaviors of children aged 2-18 years. Eligible peer-reviewed journal articles published between 1980 and 2017 were included. Data were extracted using a standard protocol by three coders; all items were double coded to ensure consistency.
RESULTS
Forty-seven studies met inclusion criteria. Few studies focused on general feeding (n = 3) or parenting styles (n = 10). Most studies focused on controlling food parenting practices (n = 39) that were not specific to snacking. Parental restriction of food was positively associated with child snack intake in 13/23 studies, while pressure to eat and monitoring yielded inconsistent results. Home availability of unhealthy foods was positively associated with snack intake in 10/11 studies. Findings related to positive parent behaviors (e.g. role modeling) were limited and yielded mixed results (n = 9). Snacking was often assessed using food frequency items and defined post-hoc based on nutritional characteristics (e.g. energy-dense, sugary foods, unhealthy, etc.). Timing was rarely included in the definition of a snack (i.e. chips eaten between meals vs. with lunch).
CONCLUSIONS
Restrictive feeding and home access to unhealthy foods were most consistently associated with snacking among young children. Research is needed to identify positive parenting behaviors around child snacking that may be used as targets for health promotion. Detailed definitions of snacking that address food type, context, and purpose are needed to advance findings within the field. We provide suggested standardized terminology for future research.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet; Food Preferences; Health Promotion; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Snacks
PubMed: 29096640
DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0593-9 -
BMC Public Health Feb 2024Parenting is both a complex and stressful endeavor, so parents sometimes experience parenting burnout. The main objective of this study was to provide an overview of...
BACKGROUND
Parenting is both a complex and stressful endeavor, so parents sometimes experience parenting burnout. The main objective of this study was to provide an overview of factors related to general parental burnout (PB) among parents with at least one child based on the Ecological Systems Theory (EST).
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI and WanFang were systematically searched for studies published from 2010 to July 2023 for peer-reviewed articles using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "parenting", "parental", "burnout", "psychological burnout", "burn-out syndrome". Studies were included if they described associations between factors and PB among parents of children aged 0-18 years old in the general population, and published in an English or Chinese language peer-reviewed journal. The Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD) was employed to assess the risk of bias of included studies.
RESULTS
Of 2037 articles, 26 articles met the inclusion criteria. Based on the Ecological Systems Theory (EST), we found that microsystem-individual factors such as gender, educational level, income, parental personality, internalization of maternal parental motivation, unmitigated communion, self-compassion and concern for others, alexithymia, anxiety and depressive symptoms, parental perfectionism, resilience, low self-esteem and high need for control, mother's attachment style were identified as being associated with parenting burnout. Mesosystem-interpersonal factors involve parent-child relationship and marital satisfaction. The exosystem-organizational or community factors include the number of children in the household, neighborhood and the number of hours spent with children, child's illness, child's behavior problems and social support. The macrosystem-society/policy or culture factors are mainly personal values and cultural values.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review found several factors that have been investigated in relation to PB. However, the majority of the factors were reported by one or two studies often implementing a cross-sectional design. Nevertheless, we still recommend that health policymakers and administrators relieve parenting burnout among parents with children by adjusting these modifiable factors.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant; Child, Preschool; Child; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Parents; Parenting; Parent-Child Relations; Burnout, Psychological
PubMed: 38317118
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17829-y -
Clinical Psychology Review Nov 2023There is a large evidence base supporting an important role of parenting behavior in influencing youth mental health; however, this literature often fails to capture the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
There is a large evidence base supporting an important role of parenting behavior in influencing youth mental health; however, this literature often fails to capture the potentially unique and interactive role of mothers and fathers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the role of maternal and paternal parenting behaviors in relation to child and adolescent internalizing problems. Following PRISMA (2020) guidelines, 88 studies were identified. Of these, 47 studies and upward of 65 parent-behavior and child-outcome combinations were examined. Findings indicated a unique role of maternal overprotection in the prediction of child anxiety symptoms. For other parenting behaviors, largely similar associations were found for maternal and paternal parenting behaviors with child and adolescent anxiety, depressive symptoms and broader internalizing problems. There was preliminary support for the interaction of maternal and paternal parenting being important in predicting youth symptoms. Although findings did not strongly substantiate differences in the effects of maternal and paternal parenting practices, with only one significant difference identified, further research would benefit from stronger representation of fathers, to enable a more rigorous and comprehensive understanding of each parent's role, and their interactive influence on internalizing outcomes of their children.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Adolescent; Parenting; Fathers; Mothers; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 37793269
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102339 -
Journal of Pediatric Psychology Sep 2021This review synthesizes the literature on benefit-finding and growth (BFG) among youth with medical illnesses and disabilities and their parents. Specifically, we...
OBJECTIVE
This review synthesizes the literature on benefit-finding and growth (BFG) among youth with medical illnesses and disabilities and their parents. Specifically, we summarized: (a) methods for assessing BFG; (b) personal characteristics, personal, and environmental resources, as well as positive outcomes, associated with BFG; (c) interventions that have enhanced BFG; and (d) the quality of the literature.
METHODS
A medical research librarian conducted the search across PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. Studies on BFG among children ages 0-18 with chronic illnesses and disabilities, or the parents of these youth were eligible for inclusion. Articles were uploaded into Covidence; all articles were screened by two reviewers, who then extracted data (e.g., study characteristics and findings related to BFG) independently and in duplicate for each eligible study. The review was based on a systematic narrative synthesis framework and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020189339).
RESULTS
In total, 110 articles were included in this review. Generally, BFG capabilities were present across a range of pediatric health conditions and disabilities. Correlates of both youth and parent BFG are presented, including personal and environmental resources, coping resources, and positive outcomes. In addition, studies describing interventions aimed at enhancing BFG are discussed, and a quality assessment of the included studies is provided.
CONCLUSIONS
Recommendations are provided regarding how to assess BFG and with whom to study BFG to diversify and extend our current literature.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Parents
PubMed: 34382081
DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab041 -
Clinical Child and Family Psychology... Sep 2021Given the high rates of co-occurrence of psychopathology within families, it is important to identify and characterize interventions that simultaneously reduce both... (Review)
Review
Given the high rates of co-occurrence of psychopathology within families, it is important to identify and characterize interventions that simultaneously reduce both parent and child symptoms, and improve parenting quality. This is needed as intervention development is increasingly moving toward integrated interventions that target some combination of parent and child mental health, and parenting behavior. Even so, much remains unknown regarding which treatment components provide maximum benefit for parent symptoms, child symptoms, and parenting behavior. This systematic review identified and characterized psychotherapeutic interventions that report improvements in each of three outcomes: parent symptoms, child symptoms and parenting behavior. Fifty-six unique interventions were eligible for review, of which 25 reported improvements in all three outcomes. All 25 of these interventions directly intervened on parenting behavior, often as the sole target of the intervention. Few interventions improved all three outcomes in samples in which parents, children or both met clinical-level thresholds of psychopathology. Additional research is needed to better understand the bi-directional and transactional influences of treatment on family members, and to better inform the development of interventions for dually disordered parent-child dyads across a range of diagnostic profiles.
Topics: Child; Child Behavior; Humans; Mental Disorders; Parenting; Parents
PubMed: 34254219
DOI: 10.1007/s10567-021-00355-3 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2021Evidence has suggested that parental age at birth is a risk factor of offspring attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We conducted a meta-analysis of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Evidence has suggested that parental age at birth is a risk factor of offspring attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies investigating the association between parental age and offspring ADHD. We conducted a systematic search that followed the recommended guidelines for performing meta-analyses on PUBMED, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to 8 April 2021. We calculated pooled risk estimates from individual age with and without adjusting for possible confounding factors. Dose-response analysis for parental age and ADHD risk was performed. Eleven studies were selected in this meta-analysis, which included 111,101 cases and 4,417,148 participants. Compared with the reference points, the lowest parental age category was associated with an increased risk of ADHD in the offspring, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 1.49 (95% confidence intervals (95%CI) 1.19-1.87) and 1.75 (95%CI 1.31-2.36) for the mother and father, respectively. The highest parental age was statistically insignificant, with adjusted ORs of 1.11 (95%CI 0.79-1.55) and 0.93 (95%CI 0.70-1.23) for mother and father separately. Dose-response analysis indicated a non-linear relationship of parental age with offspring ADHD, with the lowest ADHD risk at 31-35 years old. The results of this meta-analysis support an association between young parental age and the risk of ADHD. More high-quality studies are needed to establish whether the association with parental age is causal.
Topics: Adult; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Fathers; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mothers; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors
PubMed: 34066379
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094939 -
Clinical Child and Family Psychology... Jun 2023The level of mental health literacy (MHL) in adults who work with or care for children is likely to influence the timeliness and adequacy of support that children... (Review)
Review
The level of mental health literacy (MHL) in adults who work with or care for children is likely to influence the timeliness and adequacy of support that children receive for mental health problems. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on mental health literacy for supporting children (MHLSC, recognition/knowledge) among parents and teachers of school aged children (5 to 12 years old). A systematic search was conducted for quantitative studies published between 2000 and June 2021 using three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and ERIC) and relevant citations reviewed in Scopus. To be included, studies needed to measure at least either 'mental health knowledge' or 'recognition'. Synthesis proceeded according to study design, adult population, child MHP, then MHL outcome. Study quality was assessed using AXIS. 3322 documents were screened, 39 studies met inclusion criteria. 49% of studies examined teachers' knowledge or recognition of ADHD; only five studies reported on parent samples. Synthesis found a nascent field that was disparate in definitions, methods and measures. Little research focussed on knowledge and recognition for internalizing problems, or on parents. Methods used for measuring knowledge/recognition (vignette vs screening) were associated with different outcomes and the quality of studies was most often low to moderate. Adults appear to have good recognition of childhood ADHD but their knowledge of internalizing disorders is less clear. Further research is required to develop standard definitions and validated measures so gaps in MHLSC can be better identified across populations who have a role in supporting children with their mental health.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Child, Preschool; Mental Health; Health Literacy; Caregivers; Parents
PubMed: 36763174
DOI: 10.1007/s10567-023-00426-7