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PloS One 2015To investigate the effect of calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) in treating dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and to compare this effect to that of a negative (placebo)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) in treating dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and to compare this effect to that of a negative (placebo) control.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Several databases, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, were searched to identify relevant articles published through January 2015; grey literature (i.e., academic literature that is not formally published) was also searched. Two authors performed data extraction independently and jointly using data collection forms. The primary outcome was the DH pain response to routine activities or to thermal, tactile, evaporative, or electrical stimuli, and the secondary outcome was the side effects of CSPS use. Each study was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing risk bias. Meta-analysis of studies with the same participant demographics, interventions, controls, assessment methods and follow-up periods was performed. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation System was used to assess the quality of the evidence and the risk of bias across studies.
RESULTS
Meta-analysis demonstrated that toothpaste containing 5% CSPS was more effective than the negative control at relieving dentin sensitivity, with the level of evidence classified as "moderate". In addition, prophylaxis paste containing 15% calcium sodium phosphosilicate was favored over the negative control at reducing post-periodontal therapy hypersensitivity, with the level of evidence categorized as "low". Only two studies reported side effects of CSPS use.
CONCLUSIONS
The majority of studies found that calcium sodium phosphosilicate was more effective than the negative control at alleviating DH. Because strong evidence is scarce, high-quality, well-designed clinical trials are required in the future before definitive recommendations can be made.
Topics: Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Dentin Sensitivity; Glass; Humans; Toothpastes
PubMed: 26544035
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140176 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2023[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/3610461.].
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/3610461.].
PubMed: 37387874
DOI: 10.1155/2023/9834710 -
BMC Oral Health Oct 2019Pulpotomy is one of the most widely used methods in preserving vital pulp in teeth, which is of great significance in achieving continue root formation in immature... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Pulpotomy is one of the most widely used methods in preserving vital pulp in teeth, which is of great significance in achieving continue root formation in immature permanent teeth suffering from dental caries or trauma. The aim of this meta-analysis and systemic review is to synthesize the available evidences to compare different pulpotomy dressing agents for pulpotomy treatment in immature permanent teeth.
METHODS
Electronic databases including MEDLINE (via Pubmed), EMBASE, the Cochrane library (CENTRAL) and the clinicaltrials.gov database were searched. The references of all included articles or relevant reviews were cross-checked. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing two or more pulp dressing agent in permanent teeth with open apex would be included. Also, the studies should have at least 6 months of follow-up, report clinical and radiographic success in detail and publish in English.
RESULTS
Five RCTs were included for a systematic review, and all of them had a high risk of bias. There is little difference in success rate between mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide (CH) at 6-month follow-up (risk ratio (RR) 1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94 to 1.06) and 12-month follow-up (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.96 to 1.13). There is no difference between MTA versus platelet-rich fibrin and MTA versus calcium-enriched mixture (CEM). There is only weak evidence of increased success rate in using MTA and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) rather than abscess remedy.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the present evidence, similar success rates with MTA were found between the dressing agents CH, CEM, RPF and TAP as pulpotomy-dressing agents in the treatment of immature permanent teeth. More high-quality RCTs are needed in this field in future studies.
Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Caries; Dental Pulp Capping; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dentition, Permanent; Drug Combinations; Humans; Oxides; Pulpotomy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Silicates; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31647004
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0917-z -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2018This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether alternative materials to conventional triple antibiotic paste (TAP - metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) and...
This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether alternative materials to conventional triple antibiotic paste (TAP - metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) and grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA) could avoid tooth discoloration in teeth submitted to Regenerative Endodontic Procedure (REP). It was also investigated if dental bleaching is able to reverse the color of darkened teeth due to REP. The search was conducted in four databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and BVS - Virtual health library), following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The retrieved papers were uploaded in the software EndNoteTM and two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. Only studies in humans (case reports, case series, clinical trials) were included in the review. From 1,122 potentially eligible studies, 83 were selected for full-text analysis, and 38 were included in the review. The included studies were mainly case reports (76.3 %). The studies described a total of 189 teeth submitted to REP. From these, about 54% of teeth presented some degree of discoloration. Most teeth presenting color alteration were treated with TAP, especially when combined with GMTA. Only three studies performed dental bleaching to restore the color of teeth and neither bleaching technique was able to restore the original color of the crowns. The use of alternative materials to TAP and GMTA, such as double antibiotic paste or Ca(OH)2 pastes and white mineral trioxide aggregate or BiodentineTM, reduces the occurrence of tooth discoloration.
Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Calcium Compounds; Drug Combinations; Humans; Oxides; Regenerative Endodontics; Root Canal Filling Materials; Silicates; Tooth Bleaching; Tooth Discoloration
PubMed: 30517438
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201802132 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2020Flap necrosis is a common complication after mastectomy, and nitroglycerin (NTG) ointment has been used successfully to treat it. However, it is not clear whether... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Flap necrosis is a common complication after mastectomy, and nitroglycerin (NTG) ointment has been used successfully to treat it. However, it is not clear whether topical NTG can completely prevent the occurrence of flap necrosis after breast cancer surgery, and it is also unclear whether this treatment may cause side effects. Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two retrospective cohort studies (RCSs) were included in our investigation. This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We found that NTG significantly reduced the rates of mastectomy flap necrosis, full-thickness flap necrosis, and debridement as well as the rate of early complications other than flap necrosis. However, there was no significant difference in drug-related adverse reactions, explantation, superficial flap necrosis, infection, hematoma or seroma between the NTG and placebo groups.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mammaplasty; Mammary Glands, Human; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Nitroglycerin; Ointments; Patient Safety; Seroma; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 32317705
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63721-1 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Nov 2006To determine whether more "modern" complex wound dressings further improve the healing of venous ulcers over that with simple wound dressings, we conducted a systematic... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether more "modern" complex wound dressings further improve the healing of venous ulcers over that with simple wound dressings, we conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of wound dressing trials that were published from October 1, 1997, through September 1, 2005.
METHODS
We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry Database to identify RCTs. Criteria for ultimate selection included treatment with compression and an objective outcome describing the proportion of wounds healed. Twenty RCTs were identified that satisfied these criteria and were classified into three wound dressing classes: semiocclusive/occlusive group (n = 8), growth factor group (n = 7), and human skin equivalent group (n = 5).
RESULTS
Assessment of study design quality for the 20 RCTs showed a low percentage (<49%) of RCTs that incorporated at least 3 of 7 indicators of trial quality, but it seemed better in the 5 RCTs that showed significance for ulcer healing; 4 of the studies used at least 6 of the 7 characteristics of adequate study design. Five (25%) of the 20 RCTs had a statistically significantly improved proportion of ulcers healed in the experimental dressing group over control values: zinc oxide paste bandage (79% vs 56%) and Tegasorb (59% vs 15%) in the semiocclusive/occlusive group and perilesional injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (57% vs 19%) and porcine collagen derived from small-intestine submucosa (Oasis; 55% vs 34%) in the growth factor group. In the sole significant RCT from the human skin equivalent group, Apligraf (63%) was superior to Tegapore (48%). Four of these five studies also showed an improved time to complete healing by Kaplan-Meier estimate.
CONCLUSIONS
Certain wound dressings can improve both the proportion of ulcers healed and the time to healing over that achieved with adequate compression and a simple wound dressing. The selection of a specific dressing, however, will depend on the dressing characteristics for ease of application, patient comfort, wound drainage absorption, and expense.
Topics: Bandages; Chronic Disease; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome; Varicose Ulcer; Wound Healing
PubMed: 17098555
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.08.004 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Nov 2012Striae gravidarum (stretch marks developing during pregnancy) occur in 50% to 90% of women. They appear as red or purple lines or streaks that fade slowly to leave pale... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Striae gravidarum (stretch marks developing during pregnancy) occur in 50% to 90% of women. They appear as red or purple lines or streaks that fade slowly to leave pale lines or marks on the skin. The abdomen, breasts and thighs are commonly affected. The exact cause of stretch marks is unclear and no preparation has yet been shown to be effective in preventing the development of stretch marks. They are a source of significant anxiety for women, impacting on their quality of life.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effects of topical preparations on the prevention of stretch marks in pregnancy.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (31 October 2011) and reference lists of retrieved reports.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing topical preparations (with active ingredients) with other topical preparations (with active ingredients), with a placebo (that is, preparations without active ingredients) or with no treatment for the prevention of stretch marks in pregnant women.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Three review authors independently assessed trial eligibility and trial quality, and extracted data. Data were checked for accuracy. The primary outcome was the presence of stretch marks and the secondary outcome was the severity of stretch marks.
MAIN RESULTS
We included six trials involving 800 women. Of the six trials, we judged the risk of bias for three as 'low risk' for random sequence generation, blinding of participants and personnel, blinding of outcome assessment, completeness of outcome data and selective reporting.There was no statistically significant average difference in the development of stretch marks in women who received topical preparations with active ingredients compared to women who received a placebo or no treatment (average risk ratio (RR) 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 1.03; five trials, 474 women; random-effects model, Tau² = 0.09, I² = 65%) (Analysis 1.1).Results were consistent with the main effects when we performed a sensitivity analysis excluding studies judged to be at high risk of bias for random sequence generation, allocation concealment or more than 20% missing data for a given outcome (average RR 0.81; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.10; four trials, 424 women; random-effects model, Tau² = 0.05, I² = 57%).The was no statistically significant average mean difference in the severity of stretch marks (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.31; 95% CI -1.06 to 0.44; two trials, 255 women; Tau² = 0.26, I² = 87%).There was no statistically significant difference in the development of stretch marks in women who received topical preparations with active ingredients compared to women who received other topical preparations with active ingredients (average RR 0.51; 95% CI 0.16 to 1.60; two trials, 305 women; Tau² = 0.53, I² = 74%). There was no statistically significant difference in the severity of stretch marks (mean difference (MD) -0.20; 95% CI -0.53 to 0.13; one trial, 206 women; heterogeneity not applicable).
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
We found no high-quality evidence to support the use of any of the topical preparations in the prevention of stretch marks during pregnancy. There is a clear need for robust, methodologically rigorous randomised trials involving larger sample sizes to evaluate the effects of topical preparations on the development of stretch marks in pregnancy. In addition, it is important that preparations commonly used by women to prevent and treat stretch marks are evaluated within the context of robust, methodologically rigorous and adequately powered randomised trials.
Topics: Cosmetics; Dermatologic Agents; Female; Humans; Ointments; Pregnancy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Skin; Striae Distensae
PubMed: 23152199
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000066.pub2 -
Gels (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023In recent years, in situ gel delivery systems have received a great deal of attention among pharmacists. The in situ gelation mechanism has several advantages over... (Review)
Review
In recent years, in situ gel delivery systems have received a great deal of attention among pharmacists. The in situ gelation mechanism has several advantages over ointments, the most notable being the ability to provide regular and continuous drug delivery with no impact on visual clarity. Bioavailability, penetration, duration, and maximum medication efficacy are all improved by this mechanism. Our review systematically synthesizes and discusses comparisons between three types of in situ gelling system according to their phase change performance based on the physicochemical aspect from publications indexed in the Pubmed, ResearchGate, Scopus, Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases. An optimal temperature-sensitive in situ gelling solution must have a phase change temperature greater than ambient temperature (25 °C) to be able to be readily delivered to the eye; hence, it was fabricated at 35 °C, which is the precorneal temperature. In a pH-sensitive gelling system, a gel develops immediately when the bio-stimuli come into contact with it. An in situ gelling system with ionic strength-triggered medication can also perhaps be used in optical drug-delivery mechanisms. In studies about the release behavior of drugs from in situ gels, different models have been used such as zero-order kinetics, first-order kinetics, the Higuchi model, and the Korsmeyer-Peppas, Peppas-Sahlin and Weibull models. In conclusion, the optimum triggering approach for forming gels in situ is determined by a certain therapeutic delivery application combined with the physico-chemical qualities sought.
PubMed: 37623100
DOI: 10.3390/gels9080645 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2021Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive genodermatosis. At present, there are many treatment options for xeroderma pigmentosum, covering...
Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive genodermatosis. At present, there are many treatment options for xeroderma pigmentosum, covering medical/procedural, surgical and combined modalities. However, the quality of these interventions has not been assessed. Our study aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature regarding the treatment of xeroderma pigmentosum. Multiple medical databases were accessed with the Medical Subject Headings terms; "xeroderma pigmentosum," "therapeutics" and "surgical procedures, operative" from January 2000 to April 2019, including articles published in Portuguese, Spanish and English (PROSPERO-CRD42018114858). Two hundred and ninety-eight studies were found in the databases researched, of which, after applying the inclusion criteria, only 33 studies remained. The 33 complete articles were read by three of the authors, having been found: 16 reported medical/procedural and 17 reported surgical treatments. Only one clinical study presented a good level of evidence (EL: 2): a randomized clinical trial using a T4 endonuclease V (T4N5) liposome lotion which reduced the development of skin lesions in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum. Amongst surgical modalities, all studies presented low evidence level (EL: 4). Three illustrative cases are also presented, to emphasize the multiple number of times that surgical modalities may be required in these patients. The therapeutic modalities, both clinical and surgical, for xeroderma pigmentosum presented a low level of scientific evidence which did not allow meta-analysis. More therapeutic studies, both clinical and surgical, with better scientific evidence are needed.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Fluorouracil; Humans; Imiquimod; Ointments; Photochemotherapy; Skin Neoplasms; Xeroderma Pigmentosum
PubMed: 33769755
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_431_19 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Apr 2015The authors have requested this review to be withdrawn. The reason is the intervention, lidocaine‐prilocaine cream for analgesia during neonatal circumcision, is... (Review)
Review
The authors have requested this review to be withdrawn. The reason is the intervention, lidocaine‐prilocaine cream for analgesia during neonatal circumcision, is covered in the Cochrane Review of "Pain relief for neonatal circumcision" (Brady‐Fryer 2004). The editorial group responsible for this previously published document have withdrawn it from publication.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Circumcision, Male; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lidocaine; Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; Male; Ointments; Prilocaine
PubMed: 25840001
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000496.pub2