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Cancers May 2022Background: Prognostic scores derived from the blood count have garnered significant interest as an indirect measure of the inflammatory pressure in cancer. The recently... (Review)
Review
Background: Prognostic scores derived from the blood count have garnered significant interest as an indirect measure of the inflammatory pressure in cancer. The recently developed pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), an equation including the neutrophil, platelet, monocyte, and lymphocyte levels, has been evaluated in several cohorts, although with variations in the tumor types, disease stages, cut-offs, and treatments. Therefore, we evaluated the association between survival and PIV in cancer, performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We conducted a systematic review from the Pubmed, Medline, and Embase databases to filter the published studies until 17 May 2022. The meta-analyses were performed with the generic inverse-variance method with a random-effects model. Results: Fifteen studies encompassing 4942 patients were included. In the pooled analysis of fifteen studies, the patients with higher PIV levels had significantly increased risk of death than those with lower PIV levels (HR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.51−2.64, p < 0.001) and increased risk of progression or death (HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.39−2.32, p < 0.001). Analyses were consistent across several clinical scenarios, including non-metastatic or metastatic disease, different cut-offs (500, 400, and 300), and treatment with targeted therapy or immunotherapy (p < 0.001 for each). Conclusion: The available evidence demonstrates that PIV could be a prognostic biomarker in cancer. However, further research is needed to explore the promise of PIV as a prognostic biomarker in patients with non-metastatic disease or patients treated without immunotherapy or targeted therapy.
PubMed: 35681656
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112675 -
Public Health Nov 2023The study aimed to identify, appraise and update evidence on the association between cold temperatures (i.e. <18°C) within homes (i.e. dwellings) and health and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to identify, appraise and update evidence on the association between cold temperatures (i.e. <18°C) within homes (i.e. dwellings) and health and well-being outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN
This study was a systematic review.
METHODS
Seven databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Coronavirus Research Database) were searched for studies published between 2014 and 2022, which explored the association between cold indoor temperatures and health and well-being outcomes. Studies were limited to those conducted in temperate and colder climates due to the increased risk of morbidity and mortality during winter in those climatic zones. Studies were independently quality assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.
RESULTS
Of 1209 studies, 20 were included for review. Study outcomes included cardiovascular (blood pressure, electrocardiogram abnormalities, blood platelet count), respiratory (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease symptoms, respiratory viral infection), sleep, physical performance and general health. Seventeen studies found exposure to cold indoor temperatures was associated with negative effects on health outcomes studied. Older individuals and those with chronic health problems were found to be more vulnerable to negative health outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Evidence suggests that indoor temperatures <18°C are associated with negative health effects. However, the evidence is insufficient to allow clear conclusions regarding outcomes from specific temperature thresholds for different population groups. Significant gaps in the current evidence base are identified, including research on the impacts of cold indoor temperatures on mental health and well-being, studies involving young children, and the long-term health effects of cold indoor temperatures.
Topics: Humans; Cold Temperature; Housing; Health Status
PubMed: 37820536
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.09.006 -
OncoTargets and Therapy 2018The relationship between platelet counts and pancreatic cancer as a prognostic factor has been reported in many studies. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of...
BACKGROUND
The relationship between platelet counts and pancreatic cancer as a prognostic factor has been reported in many studies. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of platelet counts in predicting the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar for eligible studies up to May 2017. Information about the characteristics of the study and relevant outcomes was extracted. A meta-analysis was performed to analyze the prognostic value of platelet counts using the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
A total of 1,756 patients in 13 retrospective studies were included. The pooled HR of 1.51 (95% CI: 1.20-1.90, <0.001) showed that patients with elevated platelet counts were expected to have poor overall survival after treatment. Subgroup analysis showed that prognostic value of platelet levels was stronger in patients who received surgical resection (HR =1.60, 95% CI: 1.09-2.34, =0.02), followed by patients who received palliative therapy (HR =1.46, 95% CI: 1.03-2.06, =0.03).
CONCLUSION
Platelet counts could be a useful prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer. Patients with high platelet counts are expected to have poor survival.
PubMed: 29317834
DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S147715 -
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and... Mar 2021Abnormal laboratory findings are common in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this systematic review was to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Abnormal laboratory findings are common in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of the level of some laboratory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and platelet count) on the severity and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. We collected the articles published before May 26, 2020. We gathered the laboratory factors in groups of patients with COVID-19, and studied the relation between level of these factors with severity and outcome of the disease.
RESULTS
Mean CRP level, creatinine, hemoglobin, and the leukocytes count in the critically ill patients were significantly higher than those of the other groups (non-critical patients); mean CRP = 54.81 mg/l, mean creatinine = 86.82 μmol/l, mean hemoglobin = 144.05 g/l, and mean leukocyte count = 7.41 × 10. The lymphocyte count was higher in patients with mild/moderate disease (mean: 1.32 × 10) and in the invasive ventilation group (mean value of 0.72 × 10), but it was considerably lower than those of the other two groups. The results showed that the platelet count was higher in critically ill patients (mean value of 205.96 × 10). However, the amount was lower in the invasive ventilation group compared with the other groups (mean level = 185.67 × 10).
CONCLUSION
With increasing disease severity, the leukocyte count and the level of CRP increase significantly and the lymphocyte count decreases. There seems to be a significant relation between platelet level, hemoglobin, and creatinine level with severity of the disease. However, more studies are required to confirm this.
Topics: C-Reactive Protein; COVID-19; Creatinine; Hemoglobins; Humans; Laboratories; Leukocyte Count; Platelet Count; SARS-CoV-2; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 33726761
DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00420-3 -
Bioscience Reports Dec 2018Recent years, the discussion about whether platelets participant in the development of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) continues and many studies on the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Recent years, the discussion about whether platelets participant in the development of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) continues and many studies on the relationship between them have come to our attention. Some studies believe that platelet parameters have significantly changed in patients with SSHL, while some not, controversially. Therefore, to investigate the association between platelet parameters, including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet count (PLT), and SSHL, expecting to resolve controversy and provide clinical evidence for diagnosis and monitoring of SSHL. Basic methods: Literature was retrieved searching electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus) and searching references of related articles by hand. A total of 18 case-control studies involving 1837/1734 subjects (SSHL/control) were included. Meta-analysis showed there was no difference between the patients who suffered SSHL and healthy controls in MPV level [standard mean difference (SMD) (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 0.16 (-0.07, 0.40), = 80%, <0.00001] and PLT [SMD (95% CI) = -0.03(-0.18, 0.12), = 73%, <0.00001]. While PDW exhibited significant difference [SMD (95% CI) = 0.85 (0.20, 1.49), = 93%, <0.00001]. Subgroup analysis about geographical area suggested PLT have obvious evidence for SSHL in Eastern country [SMD (95% CI) = 0.23 (0.14, 0.33), = 0%, =0.81]. Our study did not support a correlation between MPV and SSHL, while PLT may have clinical significance for SSHL in Eastern country. With insufficient data to explore the resource of heterogeneity for PDW, there is no decisive conclusion reached.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Female; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans; Male; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count
PubMed: 30232233
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20181183 -
Transfusion Jul 2021In traumatic bleeding, transfusion practice has shifted toward higher doses of platelets and plasma transfusion. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
In traumatic bleeding, transfusion practice has shifted toward higher doses of platelets and plasma transfusion. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether a higher platelet-to-red blood cell (RBC) transfusion ratio improves mortality without worsening organ failure when compared with a lower ratio of platelet-to-RBC.
METHODS
Pubmed, Medline, and Embase were screened for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in bleeding trauma patients (age ≥16 years) receiving platelet transfusion between 1946 until October 2020. High platelet:RBC ratio was defined as being the highest ratio within an included study. Primary outcome was 24 hour mortality. Secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, thromboembolic events, organ failure, and correction of coagulopathy.
RESULTS
In total five RCTs (n = 1757 patients) were included. A high platelet:RBC compared with a low platelet:RBC ratio significantly improved 24 hour mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.69 [0.53-0.89]) and 30- day mortality (OR 0.78 [0.63-0.98]). There was no difference between platelet:RBC ratio groups in thromboembolic events and organ failure. Correction of coagulopathy was reported in five studies, in which platelet dose had no impact on trauma-induced coagulopathy.
CONCLUSIONS
In traumatic bleeding, a high platelet:RBC improves mortality as compared to low platelet:RBC ratio. The high platelet:RBC ratio does not influence thromboembolic or organ failure event rates.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Erythrocyte Count; Erythrocytes; Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Count; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 34269443
DOI: 10.1111/trf.16455 -
Ecancermedicalscience 2024Gallbladder cancer is a rare malignancy characterised by poor survival with lack of durable response to treatment. Thus, novel biomarkers are needed to prognosticate... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Gallbladder cancer is a rare malignancy characterised by poor survival with lack of durable response to treatment. Thus, novel biomarkers are needed to prognosticate patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to examine the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet count (PC) and serum immune inflammation index in predicting the survival of patients with gallbladder cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search was done using PubMed, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google Scholar for articles published from inception until 8 February 2022. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled and subgroup analyses were conducted according to treatment, region and cut-offs. The primary outcome of interest was overall survival (OS). Data were summarised using RevMan version 5.4.
RESULTS
Twenty studies comprising 5,183 patients were included in the analysis. High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.47-2.02), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.33-1.72), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.46-1.64), PC (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.40) and serum inflammation index (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.36-2.18) were all associated with worse survival. The association was consistent across most subgroups on race and cut-offs with a trend towards poor survival for PC above 252.5.
CONCLUSION
High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, PC and SII are associated with worse OS in gallbladder cancer and are potential biomarkers for prognostication. Prospective studies are recommended to further evaluate their use.
PubMed: 38425767
DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2024.1660 -
Heliyon Mar 2024Vascular invasion (VI) indicates highly invasive tumor biological behavior and is a major determining factor of poor survival and high risk of metastasis in...
BACKGROUND
Vascular invasion (VI) indicates highly invasive tumor biological behavior and is a major determining factor of poor survival and high risk of metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epidemiological evidence of the association between pretherapeutic platelet count (PLT) and the risk of VI and extrahepatic metastasis in HCC remains controversial.
METHODS
A systematic retrieval was executed in databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until Dec 2022. Effect size and 95% confidence interval (CI) were extracted or estimated to synthetically investigate the effects of pretherapeutic PLT on VI and extrahepatic metastasis. Meta-analyses were performed by using a random or a fixed effects model.
RESULTS
Finally, the current meta-analysis included 15 studies with a total of 12,378 HCC patients. It was shown that, patients with a higher pretherapeutic level of PLT had a significantly increased risk of VI (11 studies,8,759 patients; OR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.02-2.02) and extrahepatic metastasis (6 studies,8, 951 patients; OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 2.19-2.88) in comparison with patients with a lower PLT. Funnel plots and Begg's tests indicated that there were no significant publication biases.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis shows that pretherapeutic elevated PLT is associated with an increased risk of VI and extrahepatic metastasis in HCC.
PubMed: 38545227
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28173 -
Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) Dec 2023Purpose To study the potential utility of danazol for treating patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, with a focus on efficacy and adverse effects (AEs). Methods... (Review)
Review
Purpose To study the potential utility of danazol for treating patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, with a focus on efficacy and adverse effects (AEs). Methods MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus were searched for relevant publications from inception June 1, 1950, until June 28, 2022. The studies were screened by title and abstract, followed by full-text screening. The quality of the included studies was assessed via a prespecified set of questionnaires. Data on the efficacy measures and adverse outcomes were extracted and included in a descriptive summary. Results Nine studies consisting of 246 participants were included in our review. The overall quality of the included studies was fair. The age of the participants ranged from 61 to 78 years. In all 9 studies, more male patients had been enrolled than female patients. Overall, a proportion of patients in all the studies reported a desired major response to a danazol dose of 400 to 800 mg/day. Few studies did not observe any improvement in the platelet count. Elevated liver enzyme levels, weight gain, headache, dermatitis, and weakness were the most common AEs observed. One study reported a fatal intracerebral hemorrhage in 1 participant. Conclusions Danazol has been effective in increasing platelet count and hemoglobin level. Despite a few AEs, danazol is a safe drug for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Danazol; Myelodysplastic Syndromes
PubMed: 38133562
DOI: 10.46883/2023.25921009 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Oct 2021To investigate the prevention of platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) by platelet antigen gene matching using literature search and meta-analysis. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
To investigate the prevention of platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) by platelet antigen gene matching using literature search and meta-analysis.
METHODS
PubMed (2000.1-2021.8), Embase (2000.1-2021.8), Cochrane (2010.1-2021.8), and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database CBM (2010.1-2021.8) were selected as the search database platform. The keywords (HLA/Human leukocyte antigen), (HPA/Human platelet alloantigens), (genotyping/cross-match), platelet transfusion (PLT), and (CCI/Corrected Count Increment) were used for the joint search. After the literature was screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria, the Cochrane intervention handbook was used for bias risk assessment, and Revman 5.3.5 software was used for analysis to obtain the statistical forest plot and funnel plot.
RESULTS
The preliminary results revealed 255 publications, and seven (297 patients in total) were finally included in the quantitative analysis. A total of five publications reported comparison of the 1 h CCI index of HLA or HPA gene matching and PLT after random selection, and the heterogeneity test showed statistical difference (I2=49%, P=0.10). The combined statistical analysis results were: (MD =8.57, 95% CI: 7.30-9.80, Z=13.30, P<0.00001), and while six publications reported the effective rate index of PLT, and the heterogeneity test showed no statistical difference (I2=43%, P=0.12). The fixed effect mode was used to compare the effective rate of the two intervention methods (OR =4.90, 95% CI: 3.50-6.86, Z=9.23, P<0.00001).
DISCUSSION
HLA or HPA gene matching can improve the increment after PLT and reduce the incidence of ineffective PLT.
Topics: Antigens, Human Platelet; Blood Platelets; HLA Antigens; Humans; Platelet Transfusion; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 34763457
DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-2603