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Scientific Reports Aug 2021Understanding changes in oral flora during pregnancy, its association to maternal health, and its implications to birth outcomes is essential. We searched PubMed,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Understanding changes in oral flora during pregnancy, its association to maternal health, and its implications to birth outcomes is essential. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library in May 2020 (updated search in April and June 2021), and conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the followings: (1) oral microflora changes throughout pregnancy, (2) association between oral microorganisms during pregnancy and maternal oral/systemic conditions, and (3) implications of oral microorganisms during pregnancy on birth outcomes. From 3983 records, 78 studies were included for qualitative assessment, and 13 studies were included in meta-analysis. The oral microflora remains relatively stable during pregnancy; however, pregnancy was associated with distinct composition/abundance of oral microorganisms when compared to postpartum/non-pregnant status. Oral microflora during pregnancy appears to be influenced by oral and systemic conditions (e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, etc.). Prenatal dental care reduced the carriage of oral pathogens (e.g. Streptococcus mutans). The Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque was more abundant in women with preterm birth. Given the results from meta-analyses were inconclusive since limited studies reported outcomes on the same measuring scale, more future studies are needed to elucidate the association between pregnancy oral microbiota and maternal oral/systemic health and birth outcomes.
Topics: Female; Humans; Microbiota; Mouth; Periodontal Diseases; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Publication Bias; Risk
PubMed: 34413437
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96495-1 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2021The hypothesis of an infectious connection from the oro-pharyngeal sphere to the brain underlines the interest in analyzing the link between periodontal disease and... (Review)
Review
The hypothesis of an infectious connection from the oro-pharyngeal sphere to the brain underlines the interest in analyzing the link between periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the link between Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease in patients aged 65 and over. Databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library, and Embase) were analyzed for relevant references up to 21 June 2021. The authors independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The quality of included studies was checked using the National Institutes of Health's quality assessment tools. Five studies were included. The selected studies described in their results an increase in in Alzheimer's disease patients (adjusted = 0.02), and its incidence was linked to and (adjusted HR = 1.22 (1.04-1.43), = 0.012) as well as (crude HR = 2.0 (1.1-3.8)). The presence of periodontitis at baseline was associated with a six-fold increase in the rate of cognitive decline over a 6-month follow-up period (ADAS-Cog mean change = 2.9 ± 6.6). The current review suggests an association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease. The treatment of periodontal disease could be a way to explore Alzheimer's disease prevention.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis
PubMed: 34501899
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179312 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Feb 2020The evidence of a connection between the peripheral inflammatory processes and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system is becoming more apparent. This... (Review)
Review
The evidence of a connection between the peripheral inflammatory processes and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system is becoming more apparent. This review of the related literature highlights the most recent clinical, epidemiological, and in vitro studies trying to investigate possible connections between periodontal bacteria and the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. This review was conducted by searching databases such as PubMed and Scopus using keywords or combinations such as Alzheimer's Disease AND periodontal or dementia AND periodontitis OR periodontal. After eliminating overlaps and screening the articles not related to these issues, we identified 1088 records and proceeded to the selection of articles for an evaluation of the associative assumptions. The hypothesis suggested by the authors and confirmed by the literature is that the bacterial load and the inflammatory process linked to periodontal disease can intensify inflammation at the level of the central nervous system, favoring the occurrence of the disease. The analysis of the literature highlights how periodontal disease can directly contribute to the peripheral inflammatory environment by the introduction of periodontal or indirect pathogenic bacteria and proinflammatory cytokines locally produced at the periodontal level following bacterial colonization of periodontal defects.
PubMed: 32054121
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020495 -
Dentistry Journal Dec 2019In recent scientific literature, oral infections and systemic manifestations, or correlations between oral health and systemic diseases are a topic of discussion. is... (Review)
Review
In recent scientific literature, oral infections and systemic manifestations, or correlations between oral health and systemic diseases are a topic of discussion. is one of the bacteria implicated in the biofilm formation of bacterial plaque, and plays an important role in the progression of periodontal disease. In this systematic review authors have evaluated the literature of the last 10 years on and all the systemic implications proven. This study therefore evaluates all the districts of the organism in which this bacterium may have implications. From the results it emerges that has implications in the onset of different systemic pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular pathologies, and neurodegenerative pathologies. Surely, understanding the mechanisms of diffusion of this bacterium, it would be possible to prevent a series of pathologies. Thus, putting the dentist clinician at the center of prevention for these diseases.
PubMed: 31835888
DOI: 10.3390/dj7040114 -
Life Sciences Nov 2023A diverse and stable microbiota promotes a healthy state, nevertheless, an imbalance in gut or oral bacterial composition, called dysbiosis, can cause gastrointestinal... (Review)
Review
A diverse and stable microbiota promotes a healthy state, nevertheless, an imbalance in gut or oral bacterial composition, called dysbiosis, can cause gastrointestinal disorders, systemic inflammatory states and oxidative stress, among others. Recently, gut and oral dysbiosis has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is considered the most common form of dementia and a public health priority due to its high prevalence and incidence. The aim of this review is to highlight the implications of gut and oral microbiota in the neuroinflammation characteristic of AD pathology and the subsequent cognitive impairment. It is a systematic review of the current literature obtained by searching the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The characteristic intestinal dysbiosis in AD patients leads to increased permeability of the intestinal barrier and activates immune cells in the central nervous system due to translocation of microbiota-derived metabolites and/or bacteria into the circulation leading to increased neuroinflammation and neuronal loss, thus generating the cognitive impairment characteristic of AD. The presence in the central nervous system of Porphyromonas gingivalis can cause an increased neuroinflammation and beta-amyloid peptide accumulation.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Neuroinflammatory Diseases; Dysbiosis; Microbiota; Inflammation; Bacteria; Brain
PubMed: 37793482
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122132 -
International Journal of... Jun 2015It seems that Porphyromanas gingivalis is carcinogenic, because it activates a number of inflammatory immune responses in the host and causes disorders in bacterial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
It seems that Porphyromanas gingivalis is carcinogenic, because it activates a number of inflammatory immune responses in the host and causes disorders in bacterial clearance mechanisms. There is little information on the prevalence of this bacterium in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of P. gingivalis in cancer patients by meta-analysis methods.Different databases including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ISI web of Knowledge were investigated and eight relevant articles published in 2000-2013 were finally analyzed. Data were analyzed by meta-analysis method, fixed effect model. I² statistics were calculated to examine the heterogeneity of papers. The information was analyzed by R and STATA Ver 12.2.A total of 711 people infected with P. gingivalis were included in this study. In total, the prevalence of P. gingivalis was 40.7% (95% CI, 19.3-62.1). The prevalence of P. gingivalis was evaluated in four case-control studies. The results of this study showed that P. gingivalis increased the chance of cancer development and periodontal disease as much as 1.36 times (OR, 1.36; 95%CI, 0.47-3.97).Although there was no significant correlation between P. gingivalis and cancer, this bacterium increased the chance of cancer and periodontal disease and could be considered as a main potential risk factor.
Topics: Adolescent; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Case-Control Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Periodontal Diseases; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 26002887
DOI: 10.1177/0394632015586144 -
The Medical Journal of Malaysia Nov 2023Mounting evidence has shown the significant correlation between periodontitis and the development of other comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease due to...
INTRODUCTION
Mounting evidence has shown the significant correlation between periodontitis and the development of other comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease due to periodontopathogenic bacterial migration and colonisation. As the main etiologic agent of periodontitis, the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) has been widely explored as the main culprit and its early detection is crucial to control the exacerbation of diseases. This review aims to identify and summarise all clinical diseases that potentially developed due to the presence of P. gingivalis and discover all its detection methods that have been developed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Full-text articles of case report, case control, cohort and cross-sectional studies that were published from 1st January 2012 until 30th June 2022, were searched using PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus. Periodontal related diseases were excluded in this review due to its wellknown associated disease with P. gingivalis. A comparison studies of detection methods were also excluded in this review.
RESULTS
Out of 612 articles that were screened, only 106 met the eligibility criteria to be selected for further review. Risk of bias was performed using FEAT principles and reviewers' discussion. A total of 21 final articles that were reviewed showed significant correlation with P. gingivalis and were classified into several clinical domains. Twelve out of 13 detection methods showed high sensitivity and specificity with short duration analysis.
CONCLUSION
Due to asymptomatic periodontal disease and the high prevalence of P. gingivalis-associated clinical diseases, this review suggests the need for oral public health awareness and early screening for the bacterium detection especially among elderly groups to maintain their quality of life.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38031228
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systematical autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic synovial joint inflammation and hurt. () can cause life-threatening inflammatory... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systematical autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic synovial joint inflammation and hurt. () can cause life-threatening inflammatory immune responses in humans when the host pathogenic clearance machinery is disordered. Some epidemiological studies have reported that exposure would increase the prevalence of RA. However, the results remain inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was done to systematically analyze the relationship between exposure and the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis. Database including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE were searched for published epidemiological articles assessed the relationship between and RA. Obtained studies were screened based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall Odds Ratios (ORs) of incorporated articles were pooled by random-effect model with STATA 15.1 software. The literature search returned a total of 2057 studies. After exclusion, 28 articles were included and analyzed. The pooled ORs showed a significant increase in the risk of RA in individuals with exposure (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.43-2.43). Subgroup analysis revealed that pooled ORs from populations located in Europe (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.46-3.22) and North America (OR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.23-5.08) were significantly higher than that from population in Asia (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03-1.20). Substantial heterogeneity was observed but did not significantly influence the overall outcome. In conclusion, our results indicated exposure was a risk factor in RA. Prompt diagnosis and management decisions on antimicrobial therapy would prevent rheumatoid arthritis development and progression.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevalence
PubMed: 35923803
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.956417 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jan 2017Since the peptidyl arginine deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis is able to citrullinate peptides and proteins, various studies have suggested the species as a possible... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Since the peptidyl arginine deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis is able to citrullinate peptides and proteins, various studies have suggested the species as a possible link between periodontal disease (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This systematic review including meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate whether differences in terms of antibody titers against P. gingivalis exist between RA patients and systemically healthy individuals with and without PD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The following focused question was addressed: Are the antibody titers against P. gingivalis of RA patients different from systemically healthy individuals with and without PD? A systematic data search was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE. The collected data underwent a meta-analysis to detect statistically significant differences in terms of antibody levels between the groups.
RESULTS
From 114 articles found by the search 13 articles met the inclusion criteria and provided data suitable for meta-analysis. After analyzing various levels of confinement the meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant higher antibody titer against P. gingivalis in patients suffering from RA in comparison with systemically and periodontally healthy controls (p < 0.01) and systemically healthy patients with PD (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The present findings indicate that RA is often accompanied by the presence of an immune response against P. gingivalis.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The significantly higher antibody response to P. gingivalis in comparison to systemically healthy individuals supports the link between PD and RA by P. gingivalis. Screening of the regularly taken blood samples of RA patients for P. gingivalis antibodies may help to sensitize rheumatologists and RA patients for improving periodontal health.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Humans; Porphyromonas gingivalis
PubMed: 27561661
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1938-5 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023(1) Introduction: Current evidence shows that mechanical debridement augmented with systemic and topical antibiotics may be beneficial for the treatment of... (Review)
Review
(1) Introduction: Current evidence shows that mechanical debridement augmented with systemic and topical antibiotics may be beneficial for the treatment of peri-implantitis. The microbial profile of peri-implantitis plays a key role in identifying the most suitable antibiotics to be used for the treatment and prevention of peri-implantitis. This systematic review aimed to summarize and critically analyze the methodology and findings of studies which have utilized sequencing techniques to elucidate the microbial profiles of peri-implantitis. (2) Results: sp. are associated with peri-implantitis. sp. are associated with healthy implant sites and exhibit a reduced prevalence in deeper pockets and with greater severity of disease progression. sp. have been identified both in diseased and healthy sites. sp. have been associated with healthy implants and negatively correlate with the probing depth. Methanogens and AAGPRs were also detected in peri-implantitis sites. (3) Methods: The study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42023459266). The PRISMA criteria were used to select articles retrieved from a systematic search of the Scopus, Cochrane, and Medline databases until 1 August 2023. Title and abstract screening was followed by a full-text review of the included articles. Thirty-two articles were included in the final qualitative analysis. (4) Conclusions: A distinct microbial profile could not be identified from studies employing sequencing techniques to identify the microbiome. Further studies are needed with more standardization to allow a comparison of findings. A universal clinical parameter for the diagnosis of peri-implantitis should be implemented in all future studies to minimize confounding factors. The subject pool should also be more diverse and larger to compensate for individual differences, and perhaps a distinct microbial profile can be seen with a larger sample size.
PubMed: 37998812
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111610