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Bulletin of Emergency and Trauma Jan 2019To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-immolation epidemiology and characteristics in Iran. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-immolation epidemiology and characteristics in Iran.
METHODS
This was a systematic review and meta-analysis study. PubMed, Scopus, Web of science and Science Direct were searched for English literature and SID and Magiran for Persian in the time period of 2000 to 2016. The retrieved studies were screened and reviewed then quality assessed. Random Effect model was applied for meta-analysis. The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method.
RESULTS
After literature screening, 39 studies included in the analysis. Women were subject to self-immolation more than men. The rate of self-immolation estimated to be 4.5 cases in every 100,000 populations and it was the reason of 16% of hospitalized burns. The average length of hospital stay calculated to be 12.24 (95% CI: 8.85-15.59) days. The total burnt surface area was 65.3% (95% CI: 56.71-73.89). Death due to self-immolation was 62.1%. The major risk factors of self-immolation were having mental health issues, family problems and characteristics and problems in relation/communication with spouses.
CONCLUSION
Despite the low rate of self-immolation in Iran, it comprises one sixth of the hospitalized burns. The mortality rate of self-immolation also is high and this highlights the importance of providing special care. Psychological consultations and mental health screening in the primary health care would help to prevent the self-immolation.
PubMed: 30719460
DOI: 10.29252/beat-070101 -
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica... Dec 2022The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between caffeine and alcohol consumption and in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between caffeine and alcohol consumption and in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database on May 23, 2021 (registration number: CRD42021256649), and updated on August 4, 2022. Two researchers performed a literature search in the PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases for articles published before July 15, 2022 independently. Studies investigating the association between caffeine and alcohol consumption and IVF/ICSI outcomes were included, and studies reporting the consumption amount were analyzed using a one-stage robust error meta-regression-based method to explore potential dose-response relation. Funnel plot was used to assess publication bias if more than 10 studies were included.
RESULTS
Twelve studies on caffeine consumption and 14 studies on alcohol consumption were included in the systematic review, of which seven and nine were eligible for the meta-analysis. These studies included 26 922 women and/or their spouses who underwent IVF/ICSI treatment. Women's and men's caffeine consumption was not significantly associated with the pregnancy rate (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-1.12; OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.75-1.14; respectively) and the live birth rate (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.89-1.08; OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.86-1.12; respectively) of IVF/ICSI. Maternal alcohol consumption was negatively associated with pregnancy after IVF/ICSI treatment (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.69-1.01). Paternal alcohol consumption was negatively associated with partner's live birth after IVF/ICSI treatment (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.99). Compared with abstainers, the chance of achieving a pregnancy after IVF/ICSI treatment decreased by 7% for women who consumed 84 g alcohol per week (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90-0.98), and the chance of partners achieving a live birth decreased by 9% for men who consumed 84 g alcohol per week (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.88-0.94).
CONCLUSIONS
There was no association between caffeine consumption and pregnancy or live birth rate of IVF/ICSI. Women's alcohol consumption was associated with decreased pregnancy rate after IVF/ICSI treatment when weekly consumption was greater than 84 g. Men's alcohol consumption was associated with decreased live birth rate after IVF/ICSI treatment when weekly consumption was greater than 84 g.
Topics: Pregnancy; Male; Female; Humans; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Caffeine; Semen; Pregnancy Rate; Fertilization in Vitro; Live Birth; Alcohol Drinking
PubMed: 36259227
DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14464 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Oct 2010To determine what interventions are effective in promoting cycling, the size of the effects of interventions, and evidence of any associated benefits on overall physical... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To determine what interventions are effective in promoting cycling, the size of the effects of interventions, and evidence of any associated benefits on overall physical activity or anthropometric measures.
DESIGN
Systematic review.
DATA SOURCES
Published and unpublished reports in any language identified by searching 13 electronic databases, websites, reference lists, and existing systematic reviews, and papers identified by experts in the field. Review methods Controlled "before and after" experimental or observational studies of the effect of any type of intervention on cycling behaviour measured at either individual or population level.
RESULTS
Twenty five studies (of which two were randomised controlled trials) from seven countries were included. Six studies examined interventions aimed specifically at promoting cycling, of which four (an intensive individual intervention in obese women, high quality improvements to a cycle route network, and two multifaceted cycle promotion initiatives at town or city level) were found to be associated with increases in cycling. Those studies that evaluated interventions at population level reported net increases of up to 3.4 percentage points in the population prevalence of cycling or the proportion of trips made by bicycle. Sixteen studies assessing individualised marketing of "environmentally friendly" modes of transport to interested households reported modest but consistent net effects equating to an average of eight additional cycling trips per person per year in the local population. Other interventions that targeted travel behaviour in general were not associated with a clear increase in cycling. Only two studies assessed effects of interventions on physical activity; one reported a positive shift in the population distribution of overall physical activity during the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
Community-wide promotional activities and improving infrastructure for cycling have the potential to increase cycling by modest amounts, but further controlled evaluative studies incorporating more precise measures are required, particularly in areas without an established cycling culture. Studies of individualised marketing report consistent positive effects of interventions on cycling behaviour, but these findings should be confirmed using more robust study designs. Future research should also examine how best to promote cycling in children and adolescents and through workplaces. Whether interventions to promote cycling result in an increase in overall physical activity or changes in anthropometric measures is unclear.
Topics: Anthropometry; Bicycling; Exercise; Female; Health Behavior; Health Promotion; Humans; Male; Marketing; Travel
PubMed: 20959282
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c5293 -
Journal of Cancer Survivorship :... Feb 2021The purpose of this study is to systematically review the current literature on the post-treatment survivorship experiences of African-American men with prostate cancer... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to systematically review the current literature on the post-treatment survivorship experiences of African-American men with prostate cancer by exploring qualitative studies to gain a deep understanding of their survivorship experiences.
METHOD
We searched five databases for studies published from 2008 to 2018. We identified ten relevant qualitative studies, conducted a meta-synthesis using Noblit and Hare's meta-ethnography approach, and evaluated their quality appraisal using the validated Critical Appraisal Skills Program.
RESULTS
This review generated a total of four main themes and nine subthemes. The Four main themes included coping strategy, psychophysical impact, health system influence, and socioeconomic impact. Spirituality, healthy behaviors, supportive care of spouse/family/friends and non-communicating/reticent were subthemes identified in the coping strategy theme; physical well-being and sexuality and masculinity were subthemes in the psychophysical impact theme; healthcare provider interaction and treatment decision-making were subthemes identified in the health system influence theme, and health insurance status was the subtheme in the socioeconomic impact theme.
CONCLUSION
Our findings reveal that the experiences of African-American prostate cancer survivors are complex and multidimensional.
IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS
This review highlights the need for further studies with African-American prostate cancer survivors, precisely identify their needs and plan a culturally appropriate intervention to meet those needs.
Topics: Black or African American; Cancer Survivors; Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Qualitative Research; Survivors
PubMed: 32666419
DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00909-4 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Aug 2021Studies investigating the association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have been inconclusive.
BACKGROUND
Studies investigating the association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have been inconclusive.
OBJECTIVES
Investigate the association between pesticide exposure and CRC risk through a systematic literature review.
METHODS
CRC has the fourth-highest rate of cancer-caused death in the US after lung cancer, breast cancer in women, and prostate cancer in men. Here we have conducted a systematic literature search on studies examining the association between any pesticide exposure and CRC risk using PubMed, MEDLINE via EBSCO host, and Embase according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist.
RESULTS
Following the review, 139 articles were included for qualitative evaluation. Study participants were farmers, pesticide applicators, pesticide manufacturers, spouses of pesticide applicators, farm residents, Korean veterans of the Vietnam War, rural communities, and those who consumed food with pesticide residues. The studies' results were split between those with significant positive (39 significant results) and inverse (41 significant results) associations when comparing pesticide exposure and CRC risk.
DISCUSSION
From our literature review, we have identified a similar number of significant positive and inverse associations of pesticide exposure with CRC risk and therefore cannot conclude whether pesticide exposure has a positive or inverse association with CRC risk overall. However, certain pesticides such as terbufos, dicamba, trifluralin, S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC), imazethapyr, chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, pendimethalin, and acetochlor are of great concern not only for their associated elevated risk of CRC, but also for the current legal usage in the United States (US). Aldicarb and dieldrin are of moderate concern for the positive associations with CRC risk, and also for the illegal usage or the detection on imported food products even though they have been banned in the US. Pesticides can linger in the soil, water, and air for weeks to years and, therefore, can lead to exposure to farmers, manufacturing workers, and those living in rural communities near these farms and factories. Approximately 60 million people in the US live in rural areas and all of the CRC mortality hotspots are within the rural communities. The CRC mortality rate is still increasing in the rural regions despite the overall decreasing of incidence and mortality of CRC elsewhere. Therefore, the results from this study on the relationship between pesticide exposure and CRC risk will help us to understand CRC health disparities.
Topics: Adult; Colorectal Neoplasms; Farmers; Female; Herbicides; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Pesticide Residues; Pesticides
PubMed: 34029839
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112327 -
AIDS Research and Treatment 2019Breastfeeding is the ideal food source for all newborns globally. However, in the era of Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) infection, feeding practice is a challenge... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Breastfeeding is the ideal food source for all newborns globally. However, in the era of Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) infection, feeding practice is a challenge due to mother-to-child HIV transmission. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the national prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and mixed feeding practices among HIV positive mothers and its association with counseling and HIV disclosure status to the spouse in Ethiopia.
METHODS
We searched all available articles from the electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science. Moreover, reference lists of the included studies and the Ethiopian institutional research repositories were used. Searching of articles was limited to the studies conducted in Ethiopia and published in English language. We have included observational studies including cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies. The weighted inverse variance random effects model was used. The overall variations between studies were checked through heterogeneity test (I). Subgroup analysis by region was conducted. To assess the quality of the study, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal criteria were employed. Publication bias was checked with the funnel plot and Egger's regression test.
RESULT
A total of 18 studies with 4,844 participants were included in this study. The national pooled prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and mixed feeding practices among HIV positive mothers were 63.43% (95% CI: 48.19, 78.68) and 23.11% (95% CI: 10.10, 36.13), respectively. In the subgroup analysis, the highest prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice was observed in Tigray (90.12%) and the lowest in Addis Ababa (41.92%). Counseling on feeding option with an odds ratio of 4.32 (95% CI: 2.75, 6.77) and HIV disclosure status to the spouse with an odds ratio of 6.05 (95% CI: 3.03, 12.06) were significantly associated with exclusive breast feedings practices.
CONCLUSION
Most mothers report exclusive breastfeeding, but there are still almost a quarter of mothers who mix feed. Counseling on feeding options and HIV disclosure status to the spouse should be improved.
PubMed: 31467708
DOI: 10.1155/2019/3862098 -
Brain and Behavior Oct 2022Bipolar (BP) disorder is a highly morbid disorder that is often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed and affects a large number of adults and children. Due to the coronavirus... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Bipolar (BP) disorder is a highly morbid disorder that is often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed and affects a large number of adults and children. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 public health emergency stay at home orders, most outpatient mental health care was provided via telepsychiatry, and the many benefits of virtual care ensure that this will continue as an ongoing practice. The main aim of this review was to investigate what is currently known about the use of telepsychiatry services in the diagnosis and treatment of BP disorder across the lifespan.
METHOD
A systematic literature review assessing the use of telepsychiatry in BP disorder was conducted in PubMed, PsychINFO, and Medline.
RESULTS
Six articles were included in the final review. All included articles assessed populations aged 17 years or older. The literature indicates that BP disorder was addressed in telepsychiatry services at a similar rate as in-person services, reliable diagnoses can be made using remote interviews, satisfaction rates are comparable to in-person services, telepsychiatry services are able to reach and impact patients with BP disorder, are sustainable, and patient outcomes can improve using a telepsychiatry intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
Given the morbidity of BP disorder, the research addressing the telepsychiatry diagnosis and treatment of BP disorder is sparse, with only emerging evidence of its reliability, effectiveness, and acceptance. There is no research assessing the safety and efficacy of telepsychiatry in pediatric populations with BP disorder. Given the morbidity associated with BP disorder at any age, further research is needed to determine how to safely and effectively incorporate telepsychiatry into clinical care for BP adult and pediatric patients.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; COVID-19; Child; Humans; Psychiatry; Reproducibility of Results; Telemedicine
PubMed: 36102239
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2743 -
CVIR Endovascular Aug 2023Occult gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a challenge for physicians to diagnose and treat. A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Embase databases was... (Review)
Review
Occult gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a challenge for physicians to diagnose and treat. A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted up to January 1, 2023. Eligible studies included primary research studies with patients undergoing provocative mesenteric angiography (PMA) for diagnosis or localization of occult GIB. Twenty-seven articles (230 patients) were included in the review. Most patients (64.8%) presented with lower GIB. The average positivity rate for provocative angiography was 48.7% (58% with heparin and 46.7% in thrombolytics). Embolization was performed in 46.4% of patients, and surgical management was performed in 37.5%. Complications were rare. PMA can be an important diagnostic and treatment tool but studies with high-level evidence and standardized protocols are needed to establish its safety and optimal use.
PubMed: 37589781
DOI: 10.1186/s42155-023-00386-7 -
Integrative Cancer Therapies 2023Sleep disturbances are common and bothersome among cancer and noncancer populations. () is commonly used to improve sleep, yet its efficacy and safety are unclear. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Sleep disturbances are common and bothersome among cancer and noncancer populations. () is commonly used to improve sleep, yet its efficacy and safety are unclear.
METHODS
We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE from inception through October 5, 2021, to identify randomized trials of . We included randomized trials comparing to placebo, medications, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), or usual care for improving sleep outcomes in cancer and noncancer patients with insomnia or sleep disturbance. We performed a risk of bias analysis following Cochrane guidelines. Depending on heterogeneity, we pooled studies with similar comparators using fixed- and random-effects models.
RESULTS
We included participants with insomnia disorder (N = 785) or sleep disturbance (N = 120) from 9 trials. Compared with placebo, led to significant subjective sleep quality improvements in participants with insomnia and patients with sleep disturbance combined (standard mean difference -0.58, 95% CI -1.04, -0.11; < .01); Compared with benzodiazepines or CBT, was associated with a significant decrease in insomnia severity (mean difference -2.68 points, 95% CI -5.50, -0.22; = .03) at 4 weeks in the general population and cancer patients. The long-term effects of were mixed among trials. did not increase the incidence of major adverse events. The placebo-controlled studies had a low risk of bias.
CONCLUSION
is associated with short-term patient-reported sleep quality improvements among individuals with insomnia or sleep disturbance. Due to the small sample size and variable study quality, the clinical benefits and harms of , particularly in the long term, should be further assessed in a sufficiently powered randomized trial.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42021281943.
Topics: Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Quality Improvement; Seeds; Sleep; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Sleep Wake Disorders; Plants, Medicinal; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37014010
DOI: 10.1177/15347354231162080 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease. However, reliable prevalence estimates of SCD in the Chinese population are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease. However, reliable prevalence estimates of SCD in the Chinese population are lacking, underscoring the importance of such metrics for policymakers to formulate appropriate healthcare strategies.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically evaluate SCD prevalence among older Chinese adults.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, and Airiti Library databases were searched for studies on SCD in older Chinese individuals published before May 2023. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted the information, and assessed the bias risk of the included studies. A meta-analysis was then conducted using Stata 16.0 software via a random-effects model to analyze SCD prevalence in older Chinese adults.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies were included (n = 31,782). The SCD prevalence in older Chinese adults was 46.4% (95% CI, 40.6-52.2%). Further, subgroup analyzes indicated that SCD prevalence was 50.8% in men and 58.9% among women. Additionally, SCD prevalence in individuals aged 60-69, 70-79, and ≥ 80 years was 38.0, 45.2, and 60.3%, respectively. Furthermore, SCD prevalence in older adults with BMI <18.5, 18.5-24.0, and > 24.0 was 59.3, 54.0, and 52.9%, respectively. Geographically, SCD prevalence among older Chinese individuals was 41.3% in North China and 50.0% in South China. In terms of residence, SCD prevalence was 47.1% in urban residents and 50.0% among rural residents. As for retired individuals, SCD prevalence was 44.2% in non-manual workers and 49.2% among manual workers. In the case of education, individuals with an education level of "elementary school and below" had an SCD prevalence rate of 62.8%; "middle school, "52.4%; "high school, "55.0%; and "college and above, "51.3%. Finally, SCD prevalence was lower among married individuals with surviving spouses than in single adults who were divorced, widowed, or unmarried.
CONCLUSION
Our systematic review and meta-analysis identified significant and widespread SCD prevalence in the older population in China. Therefore, our review findings highlight the urgent requirement for medical institutions and policymakers across all levels to prioritize and rapidly develop and implement comprehensive preventive and therapeutic strategies for SCD.: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023406950, identifier: CRD42023406950.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; China; Cognitive Dysfunction; Prevalence; Schools; East Asian People; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38106895
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1277995