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OncoTargets and Therapy 2018Minimally invasive esophagectomy is increasingly performed for esophageal or gastroesophageal junctional cancer, with advantages of improved perioperative outcomes in... (Review)
Review
Comparison of short-term outcomes between minimally invasive McKeown and Ivor Lewis esophagectomy for esophageal or junctional cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PURPOSE
Minimally invasive esophagectomy is increasingly performed for esophageal or gastroesophageal junctional cancer, with advantages of improved perioperative outcomes in comparison with open esophagectomy. McKeown and Ivor Lewis are widely used procedures of minimally invasive esophagectomy, and there have been controversies on which one is preferred for patients with resectable esophageal or junctional cancer.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This review was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (number CRD42017075989). Studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were thoroughly investigated. Eligible studies included prospective and retrospective studies evaluating short-term outcomes of minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy (MIME) vs minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (MILE) in patients with resectable esophageal or junctional tumors. Main parameters included anastomotic leak and 30-day/in-hospital mortality. Overall incidence rates (ORs)/weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by employing random-effects models.
RESULTS
Fourteen studies containing 3,468 cases were included in this meta-analysis. Age, male sex, and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage between the 2 groups were not statistically different. MIME led to more blood loss, longer operating time, and longer hospital stay than MILE. MIME was associated with higher incidence of pulmonary complications (OR =1.96, 95% CI =1.28-3.00) as well as total anastomotic leak (OR =2.55, 95% CI =1.40-4.63), stricture (OR =2.07, 95% CI =1.05-4.07), and vocal cord injury/palsy (OR =5.62, 95% CI =3.46-9.14). In addition, the differences of R0 resection rate, number of lymph modes retrieved, blood transfusion rate, length of intensive care unit stay, incidence of cardiac arrhythmia, and Chyle leak between MIME and MILE were not statistically significant. Notably, incidence of severe anastomotic leak (OR =1.28, 95% CI =0.73-2.24) and 30-day/in-hospital mortality (OR =1.76, 95% CI =0.92-3.36) as well as 90-day mortality (OR =2.22, 95% CI =0.71-6.98) between the 2 procedures were also not significantly different.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that MIME and MILE are comparable with respect to clinical safety. MILE may be a better option when oncologically and clinically suitable. MIME is still a safe alternative procedure when clinically indicated. However, this evidence is at risk for bias; randomized controlled trials are needed to validate or correct our results.
PubMed: 30275710
DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S169488 -
PloS One 2016Therapy with mesenchymal stem cells exhibits potential for the development of novel interventions for many diseases and injuries. The use of mesenchymal stem cells in... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Therapy with mesenchymal stem cells exhibits potential for the development of novel interventions for many diseases and injuries. The use of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative therapy for vocal fold scarring exhibited promising results to reduce stiffness and enhance the biomechanical properties of injured vocal folds. This study evaluated the biomechanical effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of vocal fold scarring.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched.
METHODS
Controlled studies that assessed the biomechanical effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of vocal fold scarring were included. Primary outcomes were viscoelastic properties and mucosal wave amplitude.
RESULTS
Seven preclinical animal studies (n = 152 single vocal folds) were eligible for inclusion. Evaluation of viscoelastic parameters revealed a decreased dynamic viscosity (η') and elastic modulus (G'), i.e., decreased resistance and stiffness, in scarred vocal folds treated with mesenchymal stem cells compared to non-treated scarred vocal folds. Mucosal wave amplitude was increased in scarred vocal folds treated with mesenchymal stem cells vs. non-treated scarred vocal folds.
CONCLUSION
The results from these studies suggest an increased regenerative effect of therapy with mesenchymal stem cells for scarred vocal folds and are encouraging for further clinical studies.
Topics: Animals; Cicatrix; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Stem Cell Transplantation; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 27631373
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162349 -
International Journal of Transgender... 2022Many transgender women and men undergo gender-affirming surgeries. Existing work shows that early surgery outcomes are generally positive, suggesting high surgical... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Many transgender women and men undergo gender-affirming surgeries. Existing work shows that early surgery outcomes are generally positive, suggesting high surgical satisfaction and positive quality of life outcomes. Less work, however, examines these outcomes in the longer-term.
AIMS
To conduct a systematic literature review into the longer-term (i.e., ≥ 1 year) surgical satisfaction and quality of outcomes following various forms of gender-affirming surgery in transgender populations. Specifically, we aim to examine research on such outcomes at least one-year post gender-affirming chest, genital, facial, vocal cord, and Adam's apple removal surgeries.
METHODS
Studies were identified through Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Scopus, and PubMed databases, as well as through Google Scholar search alerts. We considered all studies published until October 2021. Two reviewers extracted data from suitable studies using Covidence. Both reviewers also independently assessed the identified studies' risk of bias and strength of evidence.
RESULTS
Seventy-nine low quality (e.g., small sample sizes, lack of control/comparison groups) studies suggest that most transgender patients are satisfied with surgical outcomes when assessed at least one-year post-surgery. Low quality research also indicates that transgender women and men typically report positive psychological and sexual wellbeing post-surgery, and similar wellbeing outcomes as those who have not had surgery.
DISCUSSION
To the best of our knowledge, this literature review is the first to critically summarize and evaluate all published studies on the longer-term quality of life outcomes following chest, genital, facial, voice and Adam's apple removal surgeries for transgender women and men. While the results suggest promising surgical satisfaction and quality of life outcomes following surgery, many studies only draw on small samples, and most studies do not allow for causal conclusions. Further, few studies have compared surgical outcomes between transgender women and men. We conclude by offering concrete suggestions for future research.
PubMed: 35799954
DOI: 10.1080/26895269.2022.2038334 -
Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery :... Feb 2021To examine and compare the outcomes of various types of glottic widening surgery (GWS) for initial management of bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) in children, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To examine and compare the outcomes of various types of glottic widening surgery (GWS) for initial management of bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) in children, the outcomes of different GWS procedures in children who underwent initial tracheostomy, and the rate of decannulation in children who underwent tracheostomy alone versus tracheostomy followed by GWS.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched following the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) on September 9, 2019, with no date restriction.
REVIEW METHODS
Articles focusing on GWS or tracheostomy for initial management of BVFP were included. Articles describing patients who received no surgical intervention for BVFP were excluded.
RESULTS
A total of 5989 articles were reviewed: 67 articles met inclusion criteria, and 240 patients were incorporated into the analysis. Patients who underwent primary GWS had an eventual tracheostomy rate of 6.0% (5/83). There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of tracheostomy, reoperation, or mortality among cricoid split, suture lateralization, and cordectomy/cordotomy. Patients who underwent primary tracheostomy failed to achieve decannulation in 36.9% (58/157) of cases. Decannulation was more likely in tracheostomized children who received GWS than those who did not (odds ratio, 6.336; < .0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Most children who undergo primary GWS for BVFP avoid tracheostomy or reoperation. These data demonstrated no differences in surgical outcomes among the most common types of GWS for BVFP. For children who receive a tracheostomy as their first intervention for BVFP, GWS is associated with a significantly improved rate of decannulation.
Topics: Child; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Vocal Cord Paralysis; Vocal Cords; Voice Quality
PubMed: 32689890
DOI: 10.1177/0194599820944892 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... May 2022Transient or permanent damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroidectomy is of paramount importance for patient quality of life. The aim of this study... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Transient or permanent damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroidectomy is of paramount importance for patient quality of life. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature concerning the role of the most popular energy-based vessel-sealing devices (LigaSure™ (LS) and Harmonic Scalpel (HS)) in preservation of the RLN during thyroidectomy. The safety and inferiority or superiority of LS and HS compared with conventional haemostatic techniques are highlighted.
METHODS
A systematic search of the literature was performed. Clinical trials, prospective and retrospective studies that significantly compared the use of LS and HS with conventional haemostasis regarding the postoperative incidence of RLN palsy were included.
FINDINGS
The search resulted in 43 studies, including 17,953 patients treated using energy-based devices or conventional haemostatic methods. Concerning the incidence of RLN palsy, 40 studies showed no significant difference between the energy-based device and conventional groups, whereas two studies demonstrated a significant superiority in performance for LS and HS compared with conventional haemostasis. Only one study exhibited significant inferiority of LS and HS compared with conventional methods. No statistical relationship was observed between energy-based devices and conventional techniques regarding permanent damage to the RLN.
CONCLUSION
The performance of both LS and HS shows no inferiority compared with conventional haemostatic techniques, regarding damage to the laryngeal nerve. Further well-designed studies are needed to investigate their potential benefit in preservation of the RLN.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve; Retrospective Studies; Thyroidectomy; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 34415202
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0125 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Jun 2022Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) in children is underrecognized. This systematic review characterizes the scientific evidence on the impact of pediatric ILO... (Review)
Review
Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) in children is underrecognized. This systematic review characterizes the scientific evidence on the impact of pediatric ILO diagnosis and treatment on asthma medication use. This review, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020209168), utilized database searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science from inception to October 2020. Both experimental and observational studies on ILO and asthma outcomes in patients ≤18 years were included. Population characteristics (sample size, sex, age, and comorbidities) and study outcomes (medication usage and respiratory symptoms) were extracted. The risk of bias was assessed with the National Toxicology Program's Office of Health Assessment and Risk of Bias Rating Tool. Data are presented narratively due to study heterogeneity. Of 1091 studies, 1076 titles and abstracts were screened after duplicate removal. Screening 31 full texts yielded eight pre-post studies. Patients were an average of 14.1 years old, 15% male, and >90% used asthma medication; 40% reported allergies, 30% gastroesophageal reflux, and 20% anxiety or depression. Most patients received at least one intervention, with 75% showing symptomatic improvement and >75% decreasing or stopping asthma medications. Studies were small with a high risk of selection, confounding, and detection bias. Asthma management was not a primary outcome in any of the studies. Overall, ILO patients were often diagnosed with or treated for asthma before ILO diagnosis. Evidence from individual studies suggests that comorbidities including ILO, gastroesophageal reflux, allergies, and anxiety should be considered in pediatric patients with asthma not responsive to medical therapy. Further research is required to determine the proportion of impacted asthma patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Airway Obstruction; Asthma; Child; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Male; Syndrome
PubMed: 35355450
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25910 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... May 2021There are emerging reports of the effectiveness of in-office awake vocal-fold corticosteroid injection in the treatment of exudative vocal-fold lesions. The aim of this...
OBJECTIVES
There are emerging reports of the effectiveness of in-office awake vocal-fold corticosteroid injection in the treatment of exudative vocal-fold lesions. The aim of this study was to review this therapy and specify indications, practical modalities and outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review of the literature without meta-analysis.
METHODS
A systematic review by PubMed search for the period January 2000 to December 2018 was carried out.
RESULTS
Nine articles were included, for a total of 502 lesions: nodules (46.4%), polyps (31.7%), and Reinke's edema (21.9%). Submucosal injection of low-dose triamcinolone acetonide (0.1 to 0.3mL) was transoral, transcutaneous or transnasal via flexible endoscope with operating channel. Lesion volume was significantly reduced in more than 90% of cases, with significant vocal improvement in all studies. Relapse rates ranged between 4% and 31%, with time to relapse of 1 to 40 months.
CONCLUSIONS
First-line treatment of exudative glottic lesions by submucosal corticosteroid injection provides at least transient significant reduction in lesion volume and vocal improvement. It is consensually reserved to moderate-sized mainly exudative lesions without fibrosis. In-office injection provides an immediate therapeutic response in case of vocal impairment, enabling surgery under general anesthesia to be postponed.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Humans; Laryngeal Edema; Polyps; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 33191161
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.09.001 -
Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola 2016The risk of producing bilateral laryngeal paralysis (BLP) in total thyroidectomy (TT) is low, but it is a concern for the surgeon and a serious safety incident that may... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE
The risk of producing bilateral laryngeal paralysis (BLP) in total thyroidectomy (TT) is low, but it is a concern for the surgeon and a serious safety incident that may compromise the airway, require reintubation or tracheostomy and cause serious sequelae or death. Neuromonitoring (NM), as an early diagnostic tool for the existence of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), has not been shown to have reduced the risk, even though published series show lower incidences. Our objective was to estimate the risk of bilateral RLN paralysis with and without NM TT by systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHOD
We performed a systematic review of clinical trials, cohort studies and case series with total thyroidectomy without NM published in the period 2000-2014. A database search was performed using PubMed, Scopus (EMBASE) and the Cochrane Library. Heterogeneity between studies was explored and weighted risks grouped according to random effects models were estimated.
RESULTS
We selected 40 articles and estimates of risk were identified in 54 case series (without NM, 25; with NM, 29) with 30,922 patients. The prevalence of BLP in the series with NM was lower compared to that without NM (2.43‰, [1.55 to 3.5‰] versus 5.18‰ [2.53 to 8.7‰]). This difference is equivalent to an absolute risk reduction of 2.75‰ with a number needed to treat of 364.13. The NM group was more homogeneous (I2=7.52%) than those without NM (I2=79.32%). The observed differences in the subgroup analysis were very imprecise because the number of observed paralysis was very low.
CONCLUSIONS
The risk of bilateral paralysis is lower in studies with neuromonitoring.
Topics: Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Recurrence; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; Thyroidectomy; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 26025358
DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2015.02.001 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2024To assess the safety and effectiveness of bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy in thyroid tumor. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
To assess the safety and effectiveness of bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy in thyroid tumor.
METHODS
Bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy and other approaches (open thyroidectomy, transoral robotic thyroidectomy, and bilateral axillo-breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy) were compared in studies from 6 databases.
RESULTS
Twenty-two studies (8830 individuals) were included. Bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy had longer operation time, greater cosmetic satisfaction, and reduced transient hypoparathyroidism than conventional open thyroidectomy. Compared to bilateral axillo-breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy, bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy had greater amount of drainage, lower chances of transient vocal cord palsy and permanent hypothyroidism, and better surgical completeness (postopertive thyroblobulin level and lymph node removal). Bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy induced greater postoperative drainage and greater patient dissatisfaction than transoral robotic thyroidectomy.
CONCLUSION
Bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy is inferior to transoral robotic thyroidectomy in drainage and cosmetic satisfaction but superior to bilateral axillo-breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy in surgical performance. Its operation time is longer, but its cosmetic satisfaction is higher than open thyroidectomy.
Topics: Humans; Thyroidectomy; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Neck Dissection; Breast; Thyroid Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 38228051
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101376 -
Diagnostic Pathology Aug 2023Primary pulmonary hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a low-grade salivary gland-type carcinoma. Until now, 23 cases of pulmonary HCCC have been reported.
BACKGROUND
Primary pulmonary hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a low-grade salivary gland-type carcinoma. Until now, 23 cases of pulmonary HCCC have been reported.
CASE PRESENTATION
Here, we present a patient with primary pulmonary HCCC along with vocal-cord squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) revealed by biopsy examination. The patient underwent radiotherapy for vocal-cord SCC, followed by right upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection 10 months later. Histology revealed polygonal cells with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm in the myxoid matrix together with hyaline degeneration. The tumor involved the whole layer of the segmental bronchus and regionally involved the alveolar tissue along with one intrapulmonary lymph node. Targeted RNA sequencing revealed Ewing Sarcoma Breakpoint Region 1 (EWSR1)- activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) fusion. We analyzed the data on pulmonary malignant tumors between 2000 and 2019 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and reviewed all cases of pulmonary HCCC with EWSR1 fusion by searching PubMed. The results showed that head and neck (HN) adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) (47.89%) and HNSCC (22.54%) were the most common carcinomas occurring with pulmonary salivary gland-type malignant tumors. Screening of 24 cases of pulmonary HCCC with EWSR1 fusion revealed that five cases demonstrated lymph node metastases and only two had documented tumor recurrences. HCCC is rare and easily misdiagnosed as SCC, but the treatment regimen differs between pulmonary HCCC and SCC.
CONCLUSIONS
Hence, pulmonary tumors with clear cells must be diagnosed with caution. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) may be useful for diagnosis, especially in cases with a history of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Topics: Humans; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 37553667
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01376-y