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Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia Apr 2013
Topics: Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Humans
PubMed: 23856792
DOI: No ID Found -
Arthritis Research & Therapy 2008Antiphospholipid syndrome is diagnosed when arterial or venous thrombosis or recurrent miscarriages occur in a person in whom laboratory tests for antiphospholipid... (Review)
Review
Antiphospholipid syndrome is diagnosed when arterial or venous thrombosis or recurrent miscarriages occur in a person in whom laboratory tests for antiphospholipid antibodies (anticardiolipin antibodies and/or lupus anticoagulant and/or anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I) are positive. Despite the strong association between antiphospho-lipid antibodies and thrombosis, their pathogenic role in the development of thrombosis has not been fully elucidated. Novel mechanisms involving both the complement pathway and micro-particles have been described. The knowledge of these new pathogenic approaches might identify novel therapeutic targets and therefore may improve the management of these patients.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Complement Pathway, Classical; Humans; Thrombosis
PubMed: 19090981
DOI: 10.1186/ar2536 -
European Journal of Obstetrics,... Sep 2021Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is an uncommon and the most severe form of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). A 33-week pregnant patient with... (Review)
Review
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is an uncommon and the most severe form of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). A 33-week pregnant patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, past SARS-CoV-2 infection and type I fetal growth restriction with shortening of the fetal long bone was diagnosed in our center with a probable CAPS. Cesarean section was performed four days after the diagnosis due to the torpid evolution of the patient. Clinical improvement was noted a few days later and the mother and baby were discharged within a week. We review the current literature on CAPS during pregnancy and provide an updated view.
Topics: Antiphospholipid Syndrome; COVID-19; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34273751
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.07.002 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Jan 1993The antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), namely, the lupus anticoagulant and the anticardiolipin antibodies, are a family of autoantibodies directed predominantly against... (Review)
Review
The antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), namely, the lupus anticoagulant and the anticardiolipin antibodies, are a family of autoantibodies directed predominantly against negatively charged phospholipids. Many studies have confirmed that patients with these antibodies are prone to repeated episodes of thrombosis, fetal losses, and thrombocytopenia. The association of aPL with these clinical events has been termed the antiphospholipid syndrome. Several skin lesions have been found in patients with this syndrome, including livedo reticularis, livedoid vasculitis, thrombophlebitis, cutaneous infarctions and gangrene of digits, ulcerations, lesions resembling vasculitis (nodules, macules), cutaneous necrosis/infarctions, subungual splinter hemorrhages, and, less commonly, discoid lupus and Degos' disease (malignant atrophic papulosis). In this article, we review the main immunologic and clinical aspects of this syndrome with special emphasis on the dermatologic features.
Topics: Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Catastrophic Illness; Humans; Prevalence; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 8423386
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12355193 -
Saudi Medical Journal Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Antiphospholipid Syndrome
PubMed: 37926454
DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.11.20230725 -
The Journal of International Medical... Jul 2020We herein report two cases of primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In both patients, the main finding that led to the...
We herein report two cases of primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In both patients, the main finding that led to the diagnosis was hyponatraemia. The major difference between the two cases was the time at which AI evolved during the course of APS. In the first patient, AI developed acutely along with other presenting features of APS. In the second patient, the AI was unmasked during a stressful situation induced by severe inflammation that occurred 7 years after the first APS manifestation and had probably evolved slowly during the previous few years. These cases emphasise the importance of considering AI in patients with either suspected or newly diagnosed APS as well as in patients who have long been known to have APS. The symptoms and signs alerting the clinician to possible AI are general abdominal complaints, fever, hypotension, and hyponatraemia. Conversely, patients with primary AI should be questioned about the signs and symptoms of APS.
Topics: Adrenal Insufficiency; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Fever; Humans; Hypotension; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
PubMed: 32692293
DOI: 10.1177/0300060520903659 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2021Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thromboembolism, obstetric complications, and the presence of antiphospholipid... (Review)
Review
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thromboembolism, obstetric complications, and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in intercellular communication and connectivity and are known to be involved in endothelial and vascular pathologies. Despite well-characterized in vitro and in vivo models of APS pathology, the field of EVs remains largely unexplored. This review recapitulates recent findings on the role of EVs in APS, focusing on their contribution to endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have found that APS patients with a history of thrombotic events have increased levels of EVs, particularly of endothelial origin. In obstetric APS, research on plasma levels of EVs is limited, but it appears that levels of EVs are increased. In general, there is evidence that EVs activate endothelial cells, exhibit proinflammatory and procoagulant effects, interact directly with cell receptors, and transfer biological material. Future studies on EVs in APS may provide new insights into APS pathology and reveal their potential as biomarkers to identify patients at increased risk.
Topics: Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Biomarkers; Blood Platelets; Endothelial Cells; Extracellular Vesicles; Female; Humans; Monocytes; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Thrombosis; Trophoblasts
PubMed: 33925261
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094689 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jan 2016Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the association of antiphospholipid antibodies with thromboses and/or obstetric morbidity. Obstetric morbidity includes recurrent... (Review)
Review
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the association of antiphospholipid antibodies with thromboses and/or obstetric morbidity. Obstetric morbidity includes recurrent first trimester loss, stillbirth, intrauterine death, preeclam-psia, premature birth and fetal growth restriction. Although current treatment regimens including aspirin and low-molecular weight heparin have improved pregnancy outcomes, 30% of affected women have pregnancy complica-tions. Women with APS are therefore high-risk pregnancies who should be monitored in specialist centres according to international standards.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Antimalarials; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Aspirin; Female; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy, High-Risk
PubMed: 26815583
DOI: No ID Found -
Reumatismo Mar 2023Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease which was defined in the early 1980s. The principal features include thromboembolic events and/or pregnancy...
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease which was defined in the early 1980s. The principal features include thromboembolic events and/or pregnancy losses in association with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). As an historical note, the full-blown picture of the syndrome resembles the illness suffered by Anne Stuart, Queen of England in the XVIII century, whose repeated miscarriages caused the end of the royal Stuart line and the Hanoverian succession. The identification of aPL started in the early XX century and was linked to the introduction of the serological test for the diagnosis of syphilis. This involves a reaction between an antibody (reagin) and a phospholipid antigen derived from bovine heart (cardiolipin). Later on, it was observed that not all subjects with a positive test had syphilis, and that the so called "false positive reaction" was often reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Different tests for the identification of aPL were subsequently developed: first lupus anticoagulant (1971) and then immunoassays for anticardiolipin (1983) and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I (1990) antibodies. In the same period the association between the presence of circulating aPL and thrombotic and obstetric events was established, both in patients with autoimmune diseases and in otherwise healthy subjects, leading to the identification of APS as a distinct autoimmune disease. This has allowed better diagnosis and more targeted treatment for many patients.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Animals; Cattle; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Syphilis; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Autoimmune Diseases
PubMed: 36942979
DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2022.1556 -
Lupus Oct 2018
Topics: Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Anticoagulants; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Thrombosis
PubMed: 30452325
DOI: 10.1177/0961203318801686