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Canadian Medical Association Journal Feb 1948
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive
PubMed: 18858519
DOI: No ID Found -
American Family Physician May 2005Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis, scarlet fever, and rarely asymptomatic carrier states are associated with a number of poststreptococcal suppurative and... (Review)
Review
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis, scarlet fever, and rarely asymptomatic carrier states are associated with a number of poststreptococcal suppurative and nonsuppurative complications. As in streptococcal pharyngitis, acute rheumatic fever, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection, and poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis most often occur in children. The hallmarks of rheumatic fever include arthritis, carditis, cutaneous disease, chorea, and subsequent acquired valvular disease. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders encompass a subgroup of illnesses involving the basal ganglia in children with obsessive-compulsive disorders, tic disorders, dystonia, chorea encephalitis, and dystonic choreoathetosis. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is most frequently encountered in children between two and six years of age with a recent history of pharyngitis and a rash in the setting of poor personal hygiene during the winter months. The clinical examination of a patient with possible poststreptococcal complications should begin with an evaluation for signs of inflammation (i.e., complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein) and evidence of a preceding streptococcal infection. Antistreptolysin O titers should be obtained to confirm a recent invasive streptococcal infection. Other important antibody markers include antihyaluronidase, antideoxyribonuclease B, and antistreptokinase antibodies.
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; Autoimmune Diseases; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Rheumatic Fever; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tic Disorders
PubMed: 15926411
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... Mar 2023Immune-mediated conditions associated to Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) have been reported, including vasculitis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, myositis, and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Immune-mediated conditions associated to Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) have been reported, including vasculitis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, myositis, and lupus. Emerging studies have reported the potential occurrence of reactive arthritis in patients previously infected with COVID-19. This systematic review summarised the current evidence on the occurrence of reactive arthritis in patients previously infected by COVID-19.
METHODS
This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. All the clinical investigations describing the occurrence of reactive arthritis following COVID-19 were accessed. In September 2022, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase. The generalities of the study were extracted: author, year and journal of publication, country of the main author, study design, sample size, mean age, number of women, main results of the study. The following data on COVID-19 severity and management were retrieved: type of treatment, hospitalization regimes (inpatient or outpatient), admission to the intensive care unit, need of mechanical ventilation, pharmacological management. The following data on reactive arthritis were collected: time elapsed between COVID-19 infection to the onset of reactive arthritis symptoms (days), pharmacological management, type of arthritis (mono- or bilateral, mono- or polyarticular), extra-articular manifestations, presence of tenosynovitis or enthesitis, synovial examination at microscopic polarised light, imaging (radiography, magnetic resonance, sonography), clinical examination, laboratory findings.
RESULTS
Data from 27 case reports (54 patients) were retrieved, with a mean age of 49.8 ± 14.5 years. 54% (29 of 54 patients) were women. The mean time span between COVID-19 infection and the occurrence of reactive arthritis symptoms was 22.3 ± 10.7 days. Between studies diagnosis and management of reactive arthritis were heterogeneous. Symptoms resolved within few days in all studies considered. At last follow-up, all patients were minimally symptomatic or asymptomatic, and no additional therapy or attentions were required by any patient.
CONCLUSION
Poor evidence suggests that COVID-19 could target the musculoskeletal system causing reactive arthritis at its post infectious stage. COVID-19 can act as a causative agent or as a trigger for development of reactive arthritis even without presence of antibodies of rheumatological disorders. Treating physicians should have a high index of suspicion while treating post infectious COVID-19 patient with arthralgia.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level IV, systematic review.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Male; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Arthritis, Reactive; Inpatients; Antibodies; COVID-19 Testing
PubMed: 36922870
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03651-6 -
Rheumatology International Nov 2021Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is deeply affecting the... (Review)
Review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is deeply affecting the whole world. In this new case for the scientific world, scientists are investigating the etiopathogenesis of viral infection-induced damage and have started to focus on the short and long-term immune system effects and alterations after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The case is here reported of a 53-year-old female patient with acute monoarthritis after SARS-CoV-2 infection, who responded adequately to 150 mg/day diclofenac treatment, and the available case reports are comprehensively reviewed. With the focus on arthritis after SARS-CoV2 infection, which emerges as a new pathological condition associated with COVID-19, it was aimed to examine the possible immunological mechanisms of post-COVID-19 arthritis based on the current data on SARS-CoV-2 and the known pathogenetic background of viral arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Reactive; COVID-19; Diclofenac; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34550429
DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04998-x -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Sep 2021The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a global spread. Vaccines play an essential role in preventing...
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a global spread. Vaccines play an essential role in preventing the spread. However, almost all types of vaccines have been reported to be associated with adverse events. Reactive arthritis (ReA) after vaccination has been reported; however, ReA after COVID-19 vaccination has not been reported. We reported a 23-year-old woman who suffered from an acute ReA on her left knee joint after COVID-19 vaccination and discussed the etiology and preventive strategy. She presented with swollen, painful left knee joint for 18 d. She had been inoculated 0.5 ml CoronaVac vaccine on 0 d and the 14th day with deltoid intramuscular injection. Finally, she was diagnosed as ReA after CoronaVac vaccination and was administered a single intra-articular injection of 1 ml compound betamethasone. The swelling and pain nearly disappeared after 2 d. On 1month follow-up, her condition was normal. ReA after COVID-19 vaccination is rare. The benefits of vaccination far outweigh its potential risks and vaccination should be administered according to the current recommendations. Further attentions should be put to determine which individual is at higher risk for developing autoimmune diseases after COVID-19 vaccination. More versatile and safer vaccines should be explored.
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Humans; Prohibitins; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination; Young Adult
PubMed: 34033732
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1920274 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Feb 2000
Review
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; Diagnosis, Differential; HLA-B Antigens; HLA-B27 Antigen; HLA-B51 Antigen; Histocompatibility Testing; Humans; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Syndrome
PubMed: 10732822
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.39.89 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2004Arthritis, following infection caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, is classically attributed to acute rheumatic fever. However, a new clinical syndrome,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Arthritis, following infection caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, is classically attributed to acute rheumatic fever. However, a new clinical syndrome, called poststreptococcal reactive arthritis, as a distinct entity from acute rheumatic fever, was described recently. The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of published information on poststreptococcal reactive arthritis. The paper outlines its clinical description and proposed diagnostic criteria. Similarities and differences between poststreptococcal reactive arthritis and acute rheumatic fever are discussed. Information regarding long-term risk of carditis following poststreptococcal reactive arthritis is provided, and therapeutic recommendations are outlined.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Juvenile; Arthritis, Reactive; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Rheumatic Fever; Risk Factors; Salicylates; Streptococcal Infections; Time Factors
PubMed: 15170408
DOI: No ID Found -
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism Aug 2007To review the literature on the epidemiology of Campylobacter-associated reactive arthritis (ReA). (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature on the epidemiology of Campylobacter-associated reactive arthritis (ReA).
METHODS
A Medline (PubMed) search identified studies from 1966 to 2006 that investigated the epidemiology of Campylobacter-associated ReA. Search terms included: "reactive arthritis," "spondyloarthropathy," "Reiter's syndrome," "gastroenteritis," "diarrhea," "epidemiology," "incidence," "prevalence," and "Campylobacter."
RESULTS
The literature available to date suggests that the incidence of Campylobacter ReA may occur in 1 to 5% of those infected. The annual incidence of ReA after Campylobacter or Shigella may be 4.3 and 1.3, respectively, per 100,000. The duration of acute ReA varies considerably among reports, and the incidence and impact of chronic ReA from Campylobacter infection is virtually unknown.
CONCLUSIONS
Campylobacter-associated ReA incidence and prevalence varies widely among reviews due to case ascertainment differences, exposure differences, lack of diagnostic criteria for ReA, and perhaps genetics and ages of exposed individuals. At the population level it may not be associated with HLA-B27, and inflammatory back involvement is uncommon. Follow-up for long-term sequelae is largely unknown. Five percent of Campylobacter ReA may be chronic or relapsing (with respect to musculoskeletal symptoms).
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; Campylobacter Infections; Humans; Incidence; Prohibitins
PubMed: 17360026
DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.12.006 -
RMD Open Aug 2020Reactive arthritis (ReA) is typically preceded by sexually transmitted disease or gastrointestinal infection. An association has also been reported with bacterial and...
Reactive arthritis (ReA) is typically preceded by sexually transmitted disease or gastrointestinal infection. An association has also been reported with bacterial and viral respiratory infections. Herein, we report the first case of ReA after the he severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This male patient is in his 50s who was admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia. On the second day of admission, SARS-CoV-2 PCR was positive from nasopharyngeal swab specimen. Despite starting standard dose of favipiravir, his respiratory condition deteriorated during hospitalisation. On the fourth hospital day, he developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and was intubated. On day 11, he was successfully extubated, subsequently completing a 14-day course of favipiravir. On day 21, 1 day after starting physical therapy, he developed acute bilateral arthritis in his ankles, with mild enthesitis in his right Achilles tendon, without rash, conjunctivitis, or preceding diarrhoea or urethritis. Arthrocentesis of his left ankle revealed mild inflammatory fluid without monosodium urate or calcium pyrophosphate crystals. Culture of synovial fluid was negative. Plain X-rays of his ankles and feet showed no erosive changes or enthesophytes. Tests for syphilis, HIV, anti-streptolysin O (ASO), , antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and Human Leukocyte Antigen-B27 (HLA-B27) were negative. Gonococcal and urine PCR were also negative. He was diagnosed with ReA. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)s and intra-articular corticosteroid injection resulted in moderate improvement.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Amides; Ankle Joint; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antiviral Agents; Arthritis, Reactive; Arthrocentesis; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Injections, Intra-Articular; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Prohibitins; Pyrazines; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32763956
DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001350 -
Revue Scientifique Et Technique... Aug 1997Most of the concern about foodborne disease has been focused on the immediate effects of acute infection. Recent information has shown that many of these foodborne... (Review)
Review
Most of the concern about foodborne disease has been focused on the immediate effects of acute infection. Recent information has shown that many of these foodborne infections also have long-term sequelae with serious health effects and a significant economic impact. To increase the awareness of animal health professionals to these sequelae, the authors discuss two groups of sequelae which are strongly associated with preceding infection (reactive arthritides, including Reiter's syndrome, and the Guillain-Barré syndrome) as well as the possible association between Crohn's disease and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. The discussion includes a description of the disease syndromes along with epidemiological and economic information. More reliable epidemiologial and economic data on chronic sequelae to foodborne disease will be needed for future evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of mitigation strategies to reduce the occurrence of foodborne pathogens.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Reactive; Campylobacter Infections; Campylobacter jejuni; Cattle; Crohn Disease; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Paratuberculosis; Polyradiculoneuropathy
PubMed: 9501346
DOI: No ID Found