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International Angiology : a Journal of... Oct 2019The identification of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) biomarker offers a perspective to determine disease progress and rupture risk. The aim of our study was to evaluate...
BACKGROUND
The identification of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) biomarker offers a perspective to determine disease progress and rupture risk. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between selected circulating biomarkers and diameter of abdominal aorta.
METHODS
One hundred and two patients (88 men and 14 women) with mean age 70.0±8.7 years were included in a single center cross-sectional study conducted between February 2016 and October, 2018. AAA was defined as subrenal aortic dilatation ≥3 cm. Serum biomarker concentrations (insulin-like growth factor-1, peroxiredoxin-1, collagen IV, collagen XVIII) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Adjustments including variables with different baseline distribution at univariate level with P<0.1 (age, body mass index, coronary artery disease, fibrinogen) were performed in multivariate models.
RESULTS
Higher collagen XVIII was found in AAA patients in comparison with the control group of patients (39.5 vs. 25.0 ng/mL; P=0.002). Diameter of abdominal aorta was positively associated with collagen XVIII levels in univariate (B=0.16; P=0.004), and in multivariate analysis (B=0.14; P=0.027), i.e. increase in collagen XVIII by 1 ng/mL corresponded to an increase in abdominal aortic diameter by 0.14 mm. Patients with serum collagen XVIII levels in the third tertile (˃47 ng/mL) had 4.23 times higher risk of AAA compared to patients with collagen XVIII levels in the first and second tertiles (OR 4.23; 95% CI 1.42-11.6; P=0.020). No association was found between other examined biomarkers and abdominal aortic diameter.
CONCLUSIONS
Diameter of abdominal aorta was positively associated with serum collagen XVIII level.
Topics: Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Biomarkers; Collagen Type XVIII; Cross-Sectional Studies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Risk Factors; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 31566319
DOI: 10.23736/S0392-9590.19.04222-6 -
Journal of the American Heart... Nov 2020Background Long-term feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) induces endothelial dysfunction in mice, but early HFD-induced effects on endothelium have not been well...
In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Detection of Heterogeneous Endothelial Response in Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta to Short-Term High-Fat Diet Ascribed to Differences in Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Mice.
Background Long-term feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD) induces endothelial dysfunction in mice, but early HFD-induced effects on endothelium have not been well characterized. Methods and Results Using an magnetic resonance imaging-based methodology that allows characterization of endothelial function in vivo, we demonstrated that short-term (2 weeks) feeding with a HFD to mice or to mice resulted in the impairment of acetylcholine-induced response in the abdominal aorta (AA), whereas, in the thoracic aorta (TA), the acetylcholine-induced response was largely preserved. Similarly, HFD resulted in arterial stiffness in the AA, but not in the TA. The difference in HFD-induced response was ascribed to distinct characteristics of perivascular adipose tissue in the TA and AA, related to brown- and white-like adipose tissue, respectively, as assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and Raman spectroscopy. In contrast, short-term HFD-induced endothelial dysfunction could not be linked to systemic insulin resistance, changes in plasma concentration of nitrite, or concentration of biomarkers of glycocalyx disruption (syndecan-1 and endocan), endothelial inflammation (soluble form of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and soluble form of E-selectin), endothelial permeability (soluble form of fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and angiopoietin 2), and hemostasis (tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1). Conclusions Short-term feeding with a HFD induces endothelial dysfunction in the AA but not in the TA, which could be ascribed to a differential response of perivascular adipose tissue to a HFD in the AA versus TA. Importantly, early endothelial dysfunction in the AA is not linked to elevation of classical systemic biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Aorta, Thoracic; Diet, High-Fat; Endothelium, Vascular; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 33073641
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016929 -
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences... Mar 2022Blood vessels can be regarded as autonomous organs. The endothelial cells on the vessel surface serve as mechanosensors or mechanoreceptors for the flow velocity and...
Blood vessels can be regarded as autonomous organs. The endothelial cells on the vessel surface serve as mechanosensors or mechanoreceptors for the flow velocity and turbulence of the blood flow in terms of wall shear stress (WSS), thereby monitoring changes in the flow velocity. Accordingly, the endothelial cells regulate the flow velocity by releasing numerous mediators. Such regulatory systems also trigger atherosclerosis, where the WSS decreases or fluctuates to maintain the flow velocity or local WSS. As occurrences of abdominal aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection are closely related to atherosclerosis, understanding the hemodynamics of the abdominal aorta is necessary to obtain useful information concerning the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and interventions. 4D flow MRI is beneficial for measuring the hemodynamics through comprehensive retrospective flowmetry of the entire spatio-temporal distributions of the flow vectors. This section focuses on abdominal aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection as representative examples of abdominal aortic diseases. Their hemodynamic characteristics and how hemodynamics is involved in their progression are described, and how 4D flow MRI can contribute to their assessment is also explained.
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Blood Flow Velocity; Endothelial Cells; Hemodynamics; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Regional Blood Flow; Retrospective Studies; Stress, Mechanical
PubMed: 35185062
DOI: 10.2463/mrms.rev.2021-0156 -
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic... Sep 2019Cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling is a recently described nonenhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) technique that... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Dynamic quantitative nonenhanced magnetic resonance angiography of the abdominal aorta and lower extremities using cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling: a feasibility study.
BACKGROUND
Cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling is a recently described nonenhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) technique that relies on bolus tracking for time-resolved digital subtraction angiography-like displays of blood flow patterns. We evaluated the feasibility of applying this technique to display in-plane flow patterns in two regions: the abdominal aorta and lower extremity peripheral arteries.
METHODS
We performed an institutional review board-approved study in healthy subjects and patients. In 7 healthy subjects, in-plane flow was imaged at 4 stations ranging from the lower legs to the aorto-iliac bifurcation (junction of the distal thigh and upper calf, mid-thigh, junction of the upper thigh and pelvis, upper pelvis). In 5 healthy subjects and 6 patients without abdominal aortopathy, images were acquired through the suprarenal abdominal aorta. Ten patients with known peripheral arterial disease and two patients with stable disease of the abdominal aorta were also evaluated. Peak velocity was compared at each of the 4 stations for cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling and two-dimensional cine phase contrast in patients with normal vessels.
RESULTS
In-plane flow patterns were well visualized in all peripheral arterial stations and in the abdominal aorta, providing a high quality display of hemodynamic patterns along extensive lengths of the vessels. There was very strong positive correlation (r = 0.952, P < 0.05) and excellent agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.935; 95% confidence interval, 0.812-0.972) between peak flow velocities measured by cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling and two-dimensional cine phase contrast. In 10 patients with peripheral artery disease and 2 patients with aortic pathology, cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling provided a visual demonstration of abnormal hemodynamics.
CONCLUSION
This feasibility study suggests that cine fast interrupted steady-state in combination with arterial spin labeling provides an efficient, high quality and physiologically accurate display of in-plane flow patterns over extensive lengths of the lower extremity peripheral arteries, which can be difficult to achieve using other MRA techniques.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aorta, Abdominal; Blood Flow Velocity; Case-Control Studies; Cineangiography; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Male; Middle Aged; Perfusion Imaging; Predictive Value of Tests; Regional Blood Flow; Reproducibility of Results; Spin Labels; Time Factors; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 31474219
DOI: 10.1186/s12968-019-0562-3 -
Journal of Ultrasound Mar 2020Information on the relationship between the diameters of the abdominal aorta (AA) and the basilar artery (BA) is limited. Using the Atahualpa Project cohort, we aimed to...
INTRODUCTION
Information on the relationship between the diameters of the abdominal aorta (AA) and the basilar artery (BA) is limited. Using the Atahualpa Project cohort, we aimed to assess this association in Atahualpa residents aged ≥ 60 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Atahualpa residents aged ≥ 60 years underwent abdominal ultrasound and MRA of intracranial vessels. The independent association between both arterial diameters was estimated in a generalized linear model adjusted for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, the presence of a fetal-type Circle of Willis, and severity of white matter hyperintensities. Fractional polynomials were fitted to model the relationship between AA and BA diameters.
RESULTS
The mean age of 277 participants was 69.5 ± 7.7 years (61% women). The mean AA diameter was 19.8 ± 3.3 mm, and the mean BA diameter was 3.1 ± 0.7 mm. The mean diameters of both arteries were significantly higher in men than in women. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing showed a non-linear relationship between both arterial diameters. Fractional polynomial models showed that AA and BA diameters had a significant non-linear association in men (p = 0.005), but not in women (p = 0.315). When sex was excluded from a generalized linear model, the relationship between both arterial diameters became significant (p = 0.017).
CONCLUSION
In this population of community-dwelling older adults, the relationship between AA and BA diameters was confined to men. The finding of a large AA diameter in men should prompt the investigation of the intracranial vasculature because of the possibility of BA ectasia.
Topics: Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Basilar Artery; Ecuador; Ethnicity; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Statistical; Neuroimaging; Risk Factors; Sex Characteristics; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 30414081
DOI: 10.1007/s40477-018-0338-x -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Jul 2013
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Female; Humans; Male
PubMed: 23806260
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.05.002 -
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Aug 2022Placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) refers to a group of abnormalities in placental adhesion and invasion, which may lead to serious complications such as...
OBJECTIVES
Placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) refers to a group of abnormalities in placental adhesion and invasion, which may lead to serious complications such as intractable postpartum hemorrhage. The use of low-level extra-abdominal aortic temporary block during cesarean section may reduce intraoperative bleeding in patients with PAS, but it may also cause ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this study, we intend to investigate the efficacy of low extra-abdominal aortic block in cesarean section for placental implantation disease and its effect on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and analyze the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by them.
METHODS
Pregnant women with invasive placenta accreta spectrum disorders who delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2017 to July 2021, were selected, and they were divided into 2 groups. Group A consisted of those who underwent low extra-abdominal aortic block during cesarean section (=15) and group B consisted of those who did not undergo extra-abdominal aortic block (=15). The intraoperative bleeding, blood transfusion, hysterectomy and complication rate, postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were compared between the 2 groups to analyze the efficacy of abdominal aortic block. The biochemical indexes related to ischemia-reperfusion, MDA content and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, were measured at the corresponding time points in both groups. The time points of each test were: in group A, before the block of the low extra-abdominal aorta after delivery (A0), 0 h (A1, when the myometrium was started to be sutured), 0.5 h (A2), 2 h (A3), and 4 h (A4) after the open block; in group B, after delivery of the fetus (B0), 0 h (B1), 0.5 h (B2), 2 h (B3), and 4 h (B4) after the myometrium was started to be sutured. Total duration of abdominal aortic block in group A was also recorded. Both groups were observed for sings of edema, ischemia, necrosis and infection in the limbs after surgery. The severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by abdominal aortic block were determined by detecting the relevant biochemical indexes at different moments of reperfusion.
RESULTS
The intraoperative bleeding and blood transfusion in group A were less than those in group B, and the difference was statistically significant (<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization expenses between the 2 groups (>0.05). Surgical complications: in group A, the uterus was preserved in all cases, there was 1 bladder injury and 2 pelvic infections; while in group B, there was 1 hysterectomy, 3 bladder injuries, and 3 pelvic infections. Changes in T-SOD and MDA values: compared with A0 before block, the MDA level was significantly elevated in blood at time points A1, A2, and A3, while SOD activity was significantly decreased (<0.05), and the 2 observed indexes basically returned to A1 level (ischemic period) at 4 h after open block (A4). There was no significant difference in the changes of T-SOD and MDA in group B (>0.05). Comparison of T-SOD and MDA levels between group A and B: the difference of the 2 indexes was not statistically significant between A0 and B0 (>0.05), MDA level was not statistically significant between A1 and B1, T-SOD activity at A1 was lower than B1, the difference was statistically significant, at the rest of the same time point, MDA level in group A were higher than that in group B, T-SOD activity in group A were lower than that in group B, the difference was statistically significant (<0.05). No postoperative limb edema, ischemia, necrosis, or infection occurred in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Low-level extra-abdominal aortic block effectively reduces bleeding and transfusion during cesarean section for placenta accreta spectrum disorders, resulting in a transient MDA elevation and a decrease of SOD activity, which means causing transient ischemia-reperfusion injury without complications such as limb edema, ischemia, necrosis, and infection.
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Ischemia; Necrosis; Pelvic Infection; Placenta; Placenta Accreta; Pregnancy; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 36097781
DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.220118 -
Investigative Radiology Sep 2017The aim of this study was to demonstrate a new clinically translatable ultrasound molecular imaging approach, modulated acoustic radiation force-based imaging, which is...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to demonstrate a new clinically translatable ultrasound molecular imaging approach, modulated acoustic radiation force-based imaging, which is capable of rapid and reliable detection of inflammation as validated in mouse abdominal aorta.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Animal studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Virginia. C57BL/6 mice stimulated with tumor necrosis factor α, or fed with a high-fat diet, were used as inflammation (MInflammation) and diet-induced obesity (DIO) (MDIO) models, respectively. C57BL/6 mice, not exposed to tumor necrosis factor α or DIO, were used as controls (MNormal). P-selectin-targeted (MBP-selectin), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1-targeted (MBVCAM-1), and isotype control (MBControl) microbubbles were synthesized by conjugating anti-P-selectin, anti-VCAM-1, and isotype control antibodies to microbubbles, respectively. The abdominal aortas were imaged for 180 seconds during a constant infusion of microbubbles. A parameter, residual-to-saturation ratio (RSR), was used to assess P-selectin and VCAM-1. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student t test.
RESULTS
For the inflammation model, RSR of the MInflammation + MBP-selectin group was significantly higher (40.9%, P < 0.0005) than other groups. For the DIO model, RSR of the MDIO + MBVCAM-1 group was significantly higher (60.0%, P < 0.0005) than other groups. Immunohistochemistry staining of the abdominal aorta confirmed the expression of P-selectin and VCAM-1.
CONCLUSIONS
A statistically significant assessment of P-selectin and VCAM-1 in mouse abdominal aorta was achieved. This technique yields progress toward rapid targeted molecular imaging in large blood vessels and thus has the potential for early diagnosis, treatment selection, and risk stratification of atherosclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Disease Models, Animal; Inflammation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbubbles; Molecular Imaging; Reproducibility of Results; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 28430714
DOI: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000373 -
Life Sciences Aug 2018The biguanide metformin (MET) has been used during pregnancy for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes. MET crosses the placenta and maternal...
The biguanide metformin (MET) has been used during pregnancy for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes. MET crosses the placenta and maternal treatment can expose the progeny to this drug during important phases of body development. Direct vascular protective effects have been described with the treatment of metformin. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether intrauterine exposure to metformin is safe for the vascular system of offspring. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the intrinsic effects of metformin exposure in utero in the offspring abdominal aorta reactivity, in the presence and absence of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and endothelium. For this, Wistar rats were treated with metformin 293 mg/kg/day (MET) or water (CTR) by gavage during the gestational period. The abdominal aorta reactivity to phenylephrine, acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside was evaluated in male adult offspring. It was observed that abdominal aorta relaxation was similar between MET and CTR groups in the presence or absence of PVAT. In addition, the contraction to phenylephrine was similar between MET and CTR groups in the presence and absence of PVAT and endothelium. Therefore, metformin exposure during pregnancy had no intrinsic effect on the offspring abdominal aorta PVAT and endothelial function, demonstrating it to be safe to the vascular system of the offspring.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Male; Maternal Exposure; Metformin; Nitroprusside; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation
PubMed: 29852188
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.050 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery May 2012
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Diseases; Cardiovascular Agents; Endovascular Procedures; Female; Humans; Male; Vascular Surgical Procedures; Vascular System Injuries; Wounds, Nonpenetrating
PubMed: 22542341
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.11.104