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Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2017Several dermatoses are routinely associated with diabetes mellitus, especially in patients with chronic disease. This relationship can be easily proven in some skin... (Review)
Review
Several dermatoses are routinely associated with diabetes mellitus, especially in patients with chronic disease. This relationship can be easily proven in some skin disorders, but it is not so clear in others. Dermatoses such necrobiosis lipoidica, granuloma annulare, acanthosis nigricans and others are discussed in this text, with an emphasis on proven link with the diabetes or not, disease identification and treatment strategy used to control those dermatoses and diabetes.
Topics: Acanthosis Nigricans; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Foot; Granuloma Annulare; Humans; Necrobiosis Lipoidica; Psoriasis; Skin Diseases; Skin Diseases, Metabolic; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous; Vitiligo
PubMed: 28225950
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175514 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... May 1928
PubMed: 19986493
DOI: No ID Found -
Oncology Letters May 2019Acanthosis nigricans (AN), a skin disorder with high prevalence, represents a dermatological condition with esthetic implications, but otherwise mild symptoms. For any... (Review)
Review
Acanthosis nigricans (AN), a skin disorder with high prevalence, represents a dermatological condition with esthetic implications, but otherwise mild symptoms. For any clinician, it is in fact the tip of the iceberg, leading him/her to investigate what lies beneath the surface, since AN points to a systemic problem or disease: metabolic disorder (most frequently), endocrine syndrome, medication side effects, malignancy, and genetic factors. Sometimes, it is the first observed sign of a malignancy or of diabetes mellitus, especially in patients with chronic metabolic disorder; therefore, it is not to be taken lightly. The present review summarizes the information in literature regarding the etiopathogenesis of AN. We propose a new classification that aims to better organize the different types of AN, with implications on the extent and urgency of the investigation plan, as well as various therapeutic algorithms. Therapy options are also presented, both systemic treatments that target the underlying disease, and local ones for esthetic reasons.
PubMed: 30944606
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9736 -
Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii Jun 2020Dermal paraneoplastic syndromes are non-malignant disorders, caused indirectly by the increase in growth factors or as immunological reactions, which lead to a variety... (Review)
Review
Dermal paraneoplastic syndromes are non-malignant disorders, caused indirectly by the increase in growth factors or as immunological reactions, which lead to a variety of inflammatory, hyperkeratotic or proliferative skin reactions. They can occur as facultative or obligate paraneoplastic dermatoses, which are associated with oncological processes (solid tumours or hematologic diseases). The recognition of paraneoplastic skin disorders can accelerate proper diagnosis and determine better prognosis for the patient and is also important to clinicians because it is often the first symptom of life-threatening malignancies. Many of them may also cause ocular changes that can lead to serious complications including perforation of the eye bulb, vascular changes in the retina resulting in vision loss and demand multidisciplinary co-operation with an ophthalmologist. This manuscript is a review of the literature about eye disorders in association with dermal paraneoplastic syndromes.
PubMed: 32792869
DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.96167 -
Dermatology Online Journal Sep 2008Acanthosis nigricans is a dermatosis characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques, typically of the intertriginous surfaces and neck. Common in some populations,... (Review)
Review
Acanthosis nigricans is a dermatosis characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques, typically of the intertriginous surfaces and neck. Common in some populations, its prevalence depends on race. Clinicians should recognize acanthosis nigricans; it heralds disorders ranging from endocrinologic disturbances to malignancy. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of acanthosis nigricans and its clinical implications and management.
Topics: Acanthosis Nigricans; Adolescent; Calcitriol; Child; Disease Susceptibility; Ethnicity; Female; Fish Oils; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Resistance; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Low-Level Light Therapy; Male; Neoplasms; Prevalence; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Retinoids
PubMed: 19061584
DOI: No ID Found -
JMIR Dermatology Mar 2023Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) is a rare disorder mostly seen in young adults. It is characterized by persistent dull-brown, centrally confluent,...
Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) is a rare disorder mostly seen in young adults. It is characterized by persistent dull-brown, centrally confluent, peripherally reticulate macules and papules, which coalesce to form patches and plaques on the upper trunk and neck. It is commonly confused with pityriasis versicolor and acanthosis nigricans (AN). We report the case of a 15-year-old male with multiple pigmented confluent and reticulated patches and plaques on the neck, trunk, and chin for 3 years, which was successfully treated with oral minocycline, resulting in complete resolution of lesions within 2 weeks. The morphology of CARP resembles that of various other dermatological conditions such as AN and pityriasis versicolor, and, as a result, it is frequently misdiagnosed and mistreated, leading to social embarrassment for the patient. Therefore, it is prudent for dermatologists to carry out comprehensive clinical and histopathological assessments to facilitate prompt diagnosis and management of this condition.
PubMed: 37632912
DOI: 10.2196/41245 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology Nov 2011Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a dermatosis characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques, typically on the intertriginous surfaces and neck. Common in some...
BACKGROUND
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a dermatosis characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques, typically on the intertriginous surfaces and neck. Common in some populations, its prevalence depends on race. Clinicians should recognize AN; it heralds disorders ranging from endocrinologic disturbances to malignancy. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of AN and its clinical implications and management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We selected 30 patients for the study. Diagnosis of associated disorders was established by history, physical examination, body mass index (BMI), hormone measurements by radioimmunoassays of thyroidnfunction tests, free testosterone, 17 (OH) progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), cortisol, gonadotropins, prolactin, immunoreactive insulin, and C-peptide levels.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In our study, the flexural involvement (flexures of groins, knees and elbows) was seen in 40% patients, lip involvement was seen in 6.6% patients, and dorsal involvement was seen in 3.3% patients each. Increased serum testosterone levels were seen in 13.3% patients and increased DHEAS levels were seen in 20% patients. Regarding the types of AN, obesity induced AN or pseudo-AN was seen 70% patients, syndromic AN was seen in 23.35% patients and malignant AN was seen in 6.6% patients. The commonest histopathological feature of patients with AN was hyperkeratosis, seen in 100% patients, papillomatosis was seen in 90% patients, dermal infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells was seen in 60% patients, horn pseudocysts were seen in 30% patients, and irregular acanthosis was seen in 26.6% patients.
PubMed: 22345770
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.91828 -
Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic... Sep 2016Among the most common diagnostic manifestations of Cushing's syndrome (CS) are those involving the skin; they include violaceous striae, facial acne, hirsutism,... (Review)
Review
Among the most common diagnostic manifestations of Cushing's syndrome (CS) are those involving the skin; they include violaceous striae, facial acne, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans (AN), fungal infections, hyperpigmentation (Hp) and easy bruisability. Fortunately, most resolve within a year or two after cure of CS, although light-colored striae can persist for years depending on the age of the patients. AN, Hp, and bruisability usually resolve within months after cure in almost all ages. Facial plethora (along with acne and other facial skin changes) is a typical sign of CS that is due to increased perfusion. It resolves immediately after curative therapy of CS. Typically, the severity of the manifestations does not correlate with the biochemical indices of the disease, pointing to age, gender, genetic and skin-type differences that determine the cutaneous manifestations of CS.
Topics: Cushing Syndrome; Humans; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 27943005
DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9399-3 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Nov 2021Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a brown to black, poorly defined velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. It is a predisposition factor for Type 2 diabetes, malignancies and...
INTRODUCTION
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a brown to black, poorly defined velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. It is a predisposition factor for Type 2 diabetes, malignancies and various endocrinopathies. The available data regarding AN from Kerala is limited. Our study aims to estimate the prevalence of AN and to examine its association with physical activity among the adolescents of age 13-14 years.
METHODOLOGY
This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in two grades of a school in Ernakulam district between June and December 2018 among 400 adolescents of age 13-14 years. The study proforma and the Physical activity questionnaire, Adolescents (PAQ-Adolescents), were self-administered to the students and the data were collected. The principal investigator verified the presence of AN by observation in the neck, elbow and knuckles and recorded in the study proforma. Statistical analysis of the data collected was done using SPSS Software program (version 21).
RESULTS
The mean age of the group was found to be 13.31 ± 0.46 years. The prevalence of AN was 14.5% in the study population. AN was most prevalent among obese adolescents (61.54%), adolescents with low exercise rate (23.94%), having family history of diabetes (21.18%), family history of hypertension (21.86%) and family history of both diabetes and hypertension (26.32%). The risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, family history of diabetes, family history of hypertension and family history of both diabetes and hypertension had a positive association with AN had a negative association with physical activity with p=0.0001. In adolescents with increased exercise rate, there were no reported cases of AN.
CONCLUSION
The results of our study show that there is a strong association between AN and children with obesity, family history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and low physical activity. Regular adequate physical activity can prevent the onset of AN and thereby reduce the early onset of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, coronary artery diseases and certain types of malignancies.
PubMed: 35136792
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_953_21 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2004Crouzon craniostenosis [MIM 123500], is identified on the basis of the additional phenotypical manifestations of acanthosis nigricans, vertebral changes and cementomas...
Crouzon craniostenosis [MIM 123500], is identified on the basis of the additional phenotypical manifestations of acanthosis nigricans, vertebral changes and cementomas of the jaws. Choanal atresia and hydrocephalus are other features. The molecular defect in CDSS is a point mutation in the FGFR3 gene on chromosome 4p, whereas, the mutation in the Crouzon syndrome is in the FGFR2 gene at 10q25.3-26. An affected girl aged 2 years presented at the UWC dental genetics unit with a prior diagnosis of Crouzon syndrome. Choanal atresia had necessitated a permanent tracheostomy, and hydrocephalus was managed by a shunt operation. Clinical examination revealed acanthosis nigricans in the axilliary regions, a diagnosis confirmed by a biopsy of the lesion. Eruption of the primary dentition was delayed with only six out of twenty teeth present. Radiographic examination conducted shortly after birth revealed the presence of several tooth buds in both the maxillae and the mandible. The delayed eruption of the teeth will be of significance in future orthodontic and maxillofacial measures for the improvement of the patient's facial Crouzonodermoskeletal syndrome (CDSS) was separated from the classical appearance. Molecular investigations in the girl and her parents are underway. If the specific mutation in FGFR3 is observed, a positive diagnosis of CDSS will be confirmed and the status of her parents and other family members will be determined. On this basis, appropriate genetic management can be offered to the kindred.
Topics: Acanthosis Nigricans; Anodontia; Choanal Atresia; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; Craniofacial Dysostosis; Facies; Female; Fingers; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant, Newborn; Point Mutation; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; Retrognathia; Spine; Syndrome
PubMed: 14969379
DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.28.2.72m01l5g50448548