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Microbiology and Immunology 1998Based on the results of GC content determination and 16S rRNA sequence analysis among the type strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 4 Alcaligenes species, 5 Bordetella...
Emendation of genus Achromobacter and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (Yabuuchi and Yano) and proposal of Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) comb. nov., Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al.) comb. nov., and Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) comb. nov.
Based on the results of GC content determination and 16S rRNA sequence analysis among the type strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 4 Alcaligenes species, 5 Bordetella species, and 12 species of 4 other genera, the separation of genus Achromobacter Yabuuchi and Yano 1981, with the type species Achromobacter xylosoxidans, is confirmed. Alcaligenes ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) Aragno and Schlegel 1992 is a distinct species and not a senior synonym of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Alcaligenes ruhlandii and Alcaligenes piechaudii Kiredjian et al 1986 are transferred to genus Achromobacter. Thus 2 new combinations, Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) and Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al) are proposed; their type strains are ATCC 15749 and ATCC 43552, respectively. Alcaligenes denitrificans Rüger and Tan 1983 is also transferred to genus Achromobacter and ranked down to the subspecies of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Thus a new subspecies name, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) is proposed. The type strain of the subspecies is ATCC 15173. This proposal automatically creates type subspecies, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans, with type strain ATCC 27061. An emended description of genus Achromobacter and of type species Achromobacter xylosoxidans are given.
Topics: Alcaligenes; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bordetella; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 9688077
DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02306.x -
The American Journal of Case Reports 2012Achromobacter piechaudii is a rare cause of clinical disease in humans. Previously, clinical disease has only been documented in immunocompromised patients. We present a...
BACKGROUND
Achromobacter piechaudii is a rare cause of clinical disease in humans. Previously, clinical disease has only been documented in immunocompromised patients. We present a case of Achromobacter piechaudii bacteremia in a patient with previous malignancy but no known immunosuppression.
CASE REPORT
A 67-year-old man with distant history of colon and prostate cancer presented with low grade fevers and malaise. Blood cultures initially identified Alcaligenes xylosoxidans ss. denitrificans. Based on susceptibility testing, antibiotics were narrowed to levofloxacin. After further evaluation, the isolate was identified as Achromobacter piechaudii, an organism rarely previously seen only in immunocompromised patients. The source was felt to be dental infection after transesophageal echocardiogram and CT abdomen/pelvis were unrevealing. He improved with oral levofloxacin and dental extraction.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first case report of primary Achromobacter piechaudii bloodstream infection in an immunocompetent host and adds to the growing list of clinical syndromes caused by this organism.
PubMed: 23569545
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.883527 -
Genome Announcements Jan 2016A variety of bacteria associate with the hydrocarbon-producing microalga Botryococcus braunii, some of which may influence its growth. We report here the genome...
Draft Genome Sequences of Achromobacter piechaudii GCS2, Agrobacterium sp. Strain SUL3, Microbacterium sp. Strain GCS4, Shinella sp. Strain GWS1, and Shinella sp. Strain SUS2 Isolated from Consortium with the Hydrocarbon-Producing Alga Botryococcus braunii.
A variety of bacteria associate with the hydrocarbon-producing microalga Botryococcus braunii, some of which may influence its growth. We report here the genome sequences for Achromobacter piechaudii GCS2, Agrobacterium sp. strain SUL3, Microbacterium sp. strain GCS4, and Shinella sp. strains GWS1 and SUS2, isolated from a laboratory culture of B. braunii, race B, strain Guadeloupe.
PubMed: 26769927
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01527-15 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2021Phoma stem canker (caused by the ascomycetes Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa) is an important disease of oilseed rape. Its effect on endophyte...
Phoma stem canker (caused by the ascomycetes Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa) is an important disease of oilseed rape. Its effect on endophyte communities in roots and shoots and the potential of endophytes to promote growth and control diseases of oilseed rape (OSR) was investigated. Phoma stem canker had a large effect especially on fungal but also on bacterial endophyte communities. Dominant bacterial genera were Pseudomonas, followed by Enterobacter, Serratia, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus and Staphylococcus. Achromobacter, Pectobacter and Sphingobacterium were isolated only from diseased plants, though in very small numbers. The fungal genera Cladosporium, Botrytis and Torula were dominant in healthy plants whereas Alternaria, Fusarium and Basidiomycetes (Vishniacozyma, Holtermaniella, Bjerkandera/Thanatephorus) occurred exclusively in diseased plants. Remarkably, Leptosphaeria biglobosa could be isolated in large numbers from shoots of both healthy and diseased plants. Plant growth promoting properties (antioxidative activity, P-solubilisation, production of phytohormones and siderophores) were widespread in OSR endophytes. Although none of the tested bacterial endophytes (Achromobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Serratia and Stenotrophomonas) promoted growth of oilseed rape under P-limiting conditions or controlled Phoma disease on oilseed rape cotyledons, they significantly reduced incidence of Sclerotinia disease. In the field, a combined inoculum consisting of Achromobacter piechaudii, two pseudomonads and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila tendencially increased OSR yield and reduced Phoma stem canker.
Topics: Achromobacter; Ascomycota; Brassica napus; Disease Resistance; Endophytes; Mycobiome; Phoma; Plant Diseases; Plant Roots; Stenotrophomonas
PubMed: 33589671
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81937-7 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Dec 2008To examine flagella role and cell motility in adhesion of Achromobacter piechaudii to chalk.
AIMS
To examine flagella role and cell motility in adhesion of Achromobacter piechaudii to chalk.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Transmission electron microscopy revealed that stationary cells have thicker and longer flagella than logarithmic cells. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that flagellin was more abundant in stationary cells than logarithmic ones. Sonication or inhibition of flagellin synthesis caused a 30% reduction in adhesion to chalk. Preincubation of chalk with flagella extracts reduced adhesion, by 50%. Three motility mutants were isolated. Mutants 94 and 153 were nonmotile, expressed normal levels of flagellin, have regular flagella and exhibited reduced adhesion. Mutant 208 expressed low levels of flagellin, no flagella and a spherical cell shape but with normal adhesion capacity.
CONCLUSIONS
Multiple cell surface factors affect the adhesion efficiency to chalk. Flagella per se through physical interaction and through cell motility contribute to the adhesion process. The adhesion behaviour of mutant 208 suggests that cell shape can compensate for flagellar removal and motility.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Physiological status affects bacterial cell surface properties and hence adhesion efficiency to chalk. This interaction is essential to sustain biodegradation activities and thus, remediation of contaminated chalk aquifers.
Topics: Achromobacter; Bacteria; Bacterial Adhesion; Calcium Carbonate; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Flagella; Flagellin; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Mutation; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 19120648
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03930.x -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2016Application of hyperaccumulator-endophyte symbiotic systems is a potential approach to improve phytoremediation efficiency, since some beneficial endophytic bacteria are...
Application of hyperaccumulator-endophyte symbiotic systems is a potential approach to improve phytoremediation efficiency, since some beneficial endophytic bacteria are able to detoxify heavy metals, alter metal solubility in soil, and facilitate plant growth. The objective of this study was to isolate multi-metal resistant and plant beneficial endophytic bacteria and to evaluate their role in enhancing plant growth and metal accumulation/translocation. The metal resistant endophytic bacterial strain E6S was isolated from stems of the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator plant Sedum plumbizincicola growing in metalliferous mine soils using Dworkin and Foster salts minimal agar medium with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) as the sole nitrogen source, and identified as homologous to Achromobacter piechaudii based on morphological and biochemical characteristics, partial 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Strain E6S showed high level of resistance to various metals (Cd, Zn, and Pb). Besides utilizing ACC, strain E6S exhibited plant beneficial traits, such as solubilization of phosphate and production of indole-3-acetic acid. Inoculation with E6S significantly increased the bioavailability of Cd, Zn, and Pb in soil. In addition, bacterial cells bound considerable amounts of metal ions in the following order: Zn > Cd >Pb. Inoculation of E6S significantly stimulated plant biomass, uptake and bioaccumulation of Cd, Zn, and Pb. However, E6S greatly reduced the root to shoot translocation of Cd and Zn, indicating that bacterial inoculation assisted the host plant to uptake and store heavy metals in its root system. Inoculation with the endophytic bacterium E6S homologous to A. piechaudii can improve phytostabilization of metalliferous soils due to its effective ability to enhance in situ metal rhizoaccumulation in plants.
PubMed: 26870079
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00075 -
Microorganisms May 2023The accumulation of xenobiotic compounds in different environments interrupts the natural ecosystem and induces high toxicity in non-target organisms. Diclofenac is one...
The accumulation of xenobiotic compounds in different environments interrupts the natural ecosystem and induces high toxicity in non-target organisms. Diclofenac is one of the commonly used pharmaceutical drugs that persist in the environment due to its low natural degradation rate and high toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate potential diclofenac-degrading bacteria, detect the intermediate metabolites formed, and determine the enzyme involved in the degradation process. Four bacterial isolates were selected based on their ability to utilize a high concentration of diclofenac (40 mg/L) as the sole carbon source. The growth conditions for diclofenac degradation were optimized, and bacteria were identified as (S1), (S2), (S11), and (S18). The highest percentage of degradation was recorded (97.79 ± 0.84) after six days of incubation for S11, as analyzed by HPLC. To detect and identify biodegradation metabolites, the GC-MS technique was conducted for the most efficient bacterial strains. In all tested isolates, the initial hydroxylation of diclofenac was detected. The cleavage step of the NH bridge between the aromatic rings and the subsequent cleavage of the ring adjacent to or in between the two hydroxyl groups of polyhydroxylated derivatives might be a key step that enables the complete biodegradation of diclofenac by S18, as well as S1. Additionally, the laccase, peroxidase, and dioxygenase enzyme activities of the two strains, as well as S1, were tested in the presence and absence of diclofenac. The obtained results from this work are expected to be a useful reference for the development of effective detoxification bioprocesses utilizing bacterial cells as biocatalysts. The complete removal of pharmaceuticals from polluted water will stimulate water reuse, meeting the growing worldwide demand for clean and safe freshwater.
PubMed: 37374947
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061445 -
Journal of Bacteriology Nov 2012Achromobacter piechaudii strain HLE is a betaproteobacterium (previously known as Alcaligenes faecalis) that was an early isolate with arsenite oxidase activity. This...
Achromobacter piechaudii strain HLE is a betaproteobacterium (previously known as Alcaligenes faecalis) that was an early isolate with arsenite oxidase activity. This draft genome of 6.89 Mb is the second available genome for this species in the opportunistic pathogen Alcaligenaceae family.
Topics: Achromobacter; Genome, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data
PubMed: 23105084
DOI: 10.1128/JB.01660-12 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 2001We describe a recurrent bacteremia caused by Achromobacter (formerly Alcaligenes) piechaudii in association with an intravenous catheter in an immunocompromised...
We describe a recurrent bacteremia caused by Achromobacter (formerly Alcaligenes) piechaudii in association with an intravenous catheter in an immunocompromised 73-year-old man. This is the first reported case of bacteremia due to A. piechaudii.
Topics: Aged; Alcaligenes; Bacteremia; Catheters, Indwelling; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Recurrence
PubMed: 11158159
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.2.808-810.2001 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology 2004To investigate the factors governing the adhesion and activity of the 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) degrading bacterium Achromobacter piechaudii TBPZ-N61 on chalk from a...
AIM
To investigate the factors governing the adhesion and activity of the 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) degrading bacterium Achromobacter piechaudii TBPZ-N61 on chalk from a contaminated aquifer.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Adhesion kinetics of TBPZ-N61 to grey and white chalk from a polluted fractured chalk aquifer was tested in a batch system. Both grey and white chalk contain ca 80% CaCO3, while grey chalk contains more organic matter (2.4%) than the white chalk (0.3%) and also contains Dolmite and Clinoptilolite. Adhesion of the bacterial cells to the chalk particles (<0.2 mm) occurred rapidly (96% of the cells within 15 min). Langmuir-fitted adhesion isotherms suggest that cells in the stationary phase, which are more hydrophobic, adhere to both grey and white chalk more efficiently than cells in the logarithmic growth phase. Increasing the pH (from 6.7 to 8.1) caused a significant reduction in cell adhesion to the chalk. Activity of attached cells was evaluated in both batch and column experiments. Logarithmic cells adhering to white and grey chalk were more active in TBP degradation than cells in suspension. In column experiments, significant TBP degradation was retained up to 30 days after a single injection of TBPZ cells. Thereafter, activity was fully recovered by amendment of yeast extract. Chalk surfaces that were incubated in situ in contaminated groundwater for 20 days still allowed the adhesion and activity of TBPZ cells.
CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, our results show that bacteria adhere efficiently to specific sites on the chalk surfaces, and that sustained bacterial activity of the attached cells can be achieved by adding a carbon source such as yeast extract which also overcome toxic constituents that may occur in some chalk types.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Bioremediation of TBP-contaminated chalk aquifers is made possible by the injection of bacterial cultures.
Topics: Achromobacter; Biodegradation, Environmental; Calcium Carbonate; Environmental Microbiology; Geologic Sediments; Phenols; Tissue Adhesions; Water Pollution, Chemical
PubMed: 15012824
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02222.x