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Archives of Dermatological Research Dec 2023Microencapsulation has received extensive attention because of its various applications. Since its inception in the 1940s, this technology has been used across several... (Review)
Review
Microencapsulation has received extensive attention because of its various applications. Since its inception in the 1940s, this technology has been used across several areas, including the chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Over-the-counter skin products often contain ingredients that readily and unevenly degrade upon contact with the skin. Enclosing these substances within a silica shell can enhance their stability and better regulate their delivery onto and into the skin. Silica microencapsulation uses silica as the matrix material into which ingredients can be embedded to form microcapsules. The FDA recognizes amorphous silica as a safe inorganic excipient and recently approved two new topical therapies for the treatment of rosacea and acne. The first approved formulation uses a novel silica-based controlled vehicle delivery technology to improve the stability of two active ingredients that are normally not able to be used in the same formulation due to potential instability and drug degradation. The formulation contains 3.0% benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and 0.1% tretinoin topical cream to treat acne vulgaris in adults and pediatric patients. The second formulation contains silica microencapsulated 5.0% BPO topical cream to treat inflammatory rosacea lesions in adults. Both formulations use the same amorphous silica sol-gel microencapsulation technology to improve formulation stability and skin compatibility parameters.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Child; Dermatologic Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Acne Vulgaris; Tretinoin; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Rosacea; Nonprescription Drugs; Gels; Treatment Outcome; Drug Combinations
PubMed: 37792034
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02725-z -
Journal of Microbiology and... Nov 2022Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sebaceous gland attached to the hair follicles. is a major cause of inflammation caused by acne. It is well known that...
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sebaceous gland attached to the hair follicles. is a major cause of inflammation caused by acne. It is well known that secretes a lipolytic enzyme to break down lipids in sebum, and free fatty acids produced at this time accelerate the inflammatory reaction. There are several drugs used to treat acne; however, each one has various side effects. According to previous studies, sulforaphene (SFEN) has several functions associated with lipid metabolism, brain function, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we examined the effects of SFEN on bacterial growth and inflammatory cytokine production induced by . The results revealed that SFEN reduced the growth of and inhibited proinflammatory cytokines in -treated HaCaT keratinocytes through inhibiting NF-κB-related pathways. In addition, SFEN regulated the expression level of IL-1α, a representative pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed in co-cultured HaCaT keratinocytes and THP-1 monocytes induced by . In conclusion, SFEN showed antibacterial activity against and controlled the inflammatory response on keratinocytes and monocytes. This finding means that SFEN has potential as both a cosmetic material for acne prevention and a pharmaceutical material for acne treatment.
Topics: Humans; Propionibacterium acnes; Inflammation; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36437519
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2209.09051 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2014Acne vulgaris has high prevalence, disturbing quality of life during adolescence.
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris has high prevalence, disturbing quality of life during adolescence.
OBJECTIVES
To measure dissastifaction and acne in 18-year-old male individuals and its associated factors.
METHODS
A questionnaire was applied by trained interviewers to all boys during selection for the military service. Dissatisfaction and acne was evaluated using a self-administered face scale. Facial, prestrernal and dorsal acne were evaluated separately.
RESULTS
A total of 2,200 adolescents, aged 18 years, were interviewed. Among these, 1,678 had acne on the face and 974 (54.05%) showed some degree of dissatisfaction. Regarding the impact of acne located on the chest, 326 out of 686 adolescents (47.52%) reported dissatisfaction. For acne located on the back, 568 out of 1,103 affected individuals (51.50%) showed dissatisfaction. Facial / dorsal acne and dissatisfaction were statistically associated with lower income, lower education levels and with non-whites. Presternal acne and dissatisfaction were statistically asssociated with lower income and lower education levels.
CONCLUSION
This population-based study found a high prevalence of acne on the face, back and chest, with high rates of dissatisfaction.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Back; Brazil; Emotions; Facial Dermatoses; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Thoracic Wall
PubMed: 25054743
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142634 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Mar 2022Cutibacterium avidum, a human skin commensal bacterium, rarely causes infections. It has recently been shown that Cutibacterium acnes, another member of the genus, acts...
OBJECTIVES
Cutibacterium avidum, a human skin commensal bacterium, rarely causes infections. It has recently been shown that Cutibacterium acnes, another member of the genus, acts as an opportunistic pathogen in surgical site infections. However, the antimicrobial susceptibility and pathogenicity of C. avidum remain unknown.
METHODS
We investigated the epidemiological features and antimicrobial susceptibility of C. avidum isolated from patients with acne vulgaris and other infections.
RESULTS
Cutibacterium avidum strains were isolated from patients with acne vulgaris (29 strains) and other infections (12 strains). Clarithromycin and clindamycin resistance was observed in 65.9% (27/41) of strains. In addition, ciprofloxacin resistance was observed in 34.1% (14/41) of strains, of which 13 also exhibited resistance to macrolides and clindamycin. Notably, the macrolide-clindamycin resistance gene erm(X) was found on the chromosome of 92.6% (25/27) of clindamycin-resistant strains and may be prevalent owing to transmission among C. avidum strains. Ciprofloxacin-resistant strains developed amino acid substitutions in GyrA owing to the use of antimicrobial agents. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis revealed that only a few strains exhibited 100% similarity. Additionally, no clustering associated with antimicrobial resistance, biofilm-forming ability or type of infection was observed.
CONCLUSION
Our study revealed that erm(X) may be frequently disseminated in C. avidum, and multidrug-resistant C. avidum strains may colonise the skin of patients with acne vulgaris and other infections. Therefore, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant C. avidum and the use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of acne vulgaris and other infections associated with C. avidum should be monitored.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Clindamycin; Humans; Macrolides; Propionibacteriaceae
PubMed: 35017069
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.12.021 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Aug 2002
Review
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Contraindications; Dermatologic Agents; Female; Hormones; Humans; Isotretinoin; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 12202330
DOI: No ID Found -
The Western Journal of Medicine Dec 1979
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Aged; Humans; Vitamin A
PubMed: 161829
DOI: No ID Found -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022Acne detection, utilizing prior knowledge to diagnose acne severity, number or position through facial images, plays a very important role in medical diagnoses and...
Acne detection, utilizing prior knowledge to diagnose acne severity, number or position through facial images, plays a very important role in medical diagnoses and treatment for patients with skin problems. Recently, deep learning algorithms were introduced in acne detection to improve detection precision. However, it remains challenging to diagnose acne based on the facial images of patients due to the complex context and special application scenarios. Here, we provide an ensemble neural network composed of two modules: (1) a classification module aiming to calculate the acne severity and number; (2) a localization module aiming to calculate the detection boxes. This ensemble model could precisely predict the acne severity, number, and position simultaneously, and could be an effective tool to help the patient self-test and assist the doctor in the diagnosis.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Algorithms; Face; Humans; Neural Networks, Computer
PubMed: 36146177
DOI: 10.3390/s22186828 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2024The recognition of an association between the development of acne vulgaris (AV) and pubertal hormonal changes during adolescence dates back almost 100 years. Since... (Review)
Review
The recognition of an association between the development of acne vulgaris (AV) and pubertal hormonal changes during adolescence dates back almost 100 years. Since these formative observations, a significant role of circulating hormones in the pathophysiology of AV and other cutaneous disorders has been established. This review article aims to provide an overview of clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the influences of androgens on the skin and their therapeutic importance in AV pathophysiology. The cutaneous effects of hormones are attributable, to a large extent, to the influence of steroid hormones, particularly androgens, on sebocyte development and sebum production in both sexes. Androgen-mediated excess sebum production is implicated as a necessary early step in AV pathophysiology and is therefore considered an important therapeutic target in AV treatment. Although the local production and/or activity of androgens within the skin is believed to be important in AV pathophysiology, it has received limited therapeutic attention. We have summarized the current evidence in support of the therapeutic benefits of targeted hormonal treatment to decrease androgen-stimulated sebum production for the effective and safe treatment of AV in both male and female patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Female; Male; Androgens; Sebum; Skin; Acne Vulgaris; Dermatitis
PubMed: 38192024
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2298878 -
The Journal of Dermatology Nov 2017Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) has been well established as a common medication for acne vulgaris in many countries (e.g. in Europe and the USA), where clinical data have been... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) has been well established as a common medication for acne vulgaris in many countries (e.g. in Europe and the USA), where clinical data have been accumulated over a long time. In Japan, the use of BPO for acne treatment was approved in 2014, and the results of clinical trials in Japanese patients have recently been reported. This review compares clinical study results between Japanese and Western patients. Clinical studies that had been performed in Western countries were searched on the basis of the criteria, double-blind studies of BPO monotherapy and comparison with a vehicle group. Two reports of Japanese studies were also selected by using the same criteria. Efficacy was assessed by comparing the mean difference between the BPO and the vehicle groups for reduction rate in the number of lesions from baseline, and there were no differences between Japanese and Western patients. Safety assessment also showed that the incidence of adverse events was higher in Japanese patients than in Western patients, but the characteristics of the adverse events were not different. Therefore, we conclude that there are no significant differences in the efficacy and safety of BPO between these patient populations. The efficacy and safety of long-term use in Japanese patients are also expected to be applicable to those in Western patients.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Asian People; Benzoyl Peroxide; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; White People
PubMed: 28791735
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13996 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Nov 2022Acne treatment may fail or cause undesirable side effects due to inaccurate evaluation. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) can monitor systemic treatment in patients with...
BACKGROUND
Acne treatment may fail or cause undesirable side effects due to inaccurate evaluation. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) can monitor systemic treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this prospective study, consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris were recruited. Patients were graded by a comprehensive clinical assessment before and after therapy. Simultaneous HFUS grading was independently evaluated according to the sonographic scoring system for acne (SSSA). Clinical and HFUS grades were compared through kappa analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 70 patients were enrolled. At baseline, 36 (51.4%) and 34 (48.6%) patients were graded as moderate and severe, respectively, through clinical assessment. However, 27 patients (38.6%) scored SSSA-Grade II and 43 (61.4%) scored SSSA-Grade III in the HFUS grading. Sixty-one patients (87.1%) were in the consistent category as per clinical assessment and HFUS grades, with Kappa = 0.745, whereas higher HFUS grades were observed in nine patients. By the end of the observation, 65 of all patients (92.9%) showed significant improvement and 5 (7.1%) showed no apparent improvement after the treatment. According to the clinical assessment, 14, 52, and 4 patients were graded as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. On the other hand, 11, 51, and 8 patients had SSSA-Grade I, II, and III, respectively. Of all patients, 63 (90.0%) had consistent evaluation results, with Kappa = 0.762, whereas the remaining seven patients had an HFUS grade higher than the clinical.
CONCLUSION
HFUS is a useful tool for dermatologists to monitor the treatment of moderate and severe acne vulgaris.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Cutaneous
PubMed: 36281955
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13208