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Microbiology Resource Announcements Jun 2020is an opportunistic pathogen. Within the urogenital tract, it has been associated with bacterial vaginosis and overactive bladder symptoms. Here, we investigate a draft...
is an opportunistic pathogen. Within the urogenital tract, it has been associated with bacterial vaginosis and overactive bladder symptoms. Here, we investigate a draft genome sequence of UMB1295, which was isolated from a catheterized urine sample from a woman with a urinary tract infection.
PubMed: 32499345
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00402-20 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Dec 2009Actinomyces neuii has until now not been described as a pathogen associated with periprosthetic infection in total joint replacement. The case presented here suggests...
Actinomyces neuii has until now not been described as a pathogen associated with periprosthetic infection in total joint replacement. The case presented here suggests that A. neuii subsp. neuii is a causative pathogen. The discussion and review of the literature indicate the impact that detection of Actinomyces species could have.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Female; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Prosthesis-Related Infections
PubMed: 19794032
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01249-09 -
BMJ Case Reports Sep 2020A 72-year-old man with a history of right reverse shoulder arthroplasty presented with a 1-month history of erythema, pain and drainage from the right shoulder....
A 72-year-old man with a history of right reverse shoulder arthroplasty presented with a 1-month history of erythema, pain and drainage from the right shoulder. Arthrocentesis was performed and synovial fluid gram stain revealed gram-positive rods. Clinical diagnosis of prosthetic shoulder joint infection was made. Orthopaedic surgeons performed irrigation and debridement with resection of the right shoulder prothesis and implantation of an antimicrobial spacer. Operative cultures grew The patient was treated with 6 weeks of ceftriaxone with improvement in both clinical symptoms and laboratory values. species remain a rare cause of late prosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to their slow growing and indolent course. While generalised actinomycosis is often treated with 6-12 months of antibiotics, the treatment course of PJI is not well characterised, with some sources suggesting a minimum of 6 weeks of antimicrobial therapy.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Humans; Male; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Shoulder Joint; Shoulder Prosthesis
PubMed: 32994271
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236350 -
IDCases 2014Bacteremia due to Actinomyces neuii has been reported in the literature 14 times. A. neuii is an endogenous organism that has been cultured in clinical specimens of the...
Bacteremia due to Actinomyces neuii has been reported in the literature 14 times. A. neuii is an endogenous organism that has been cultured in clinical specimens of the genitourinary tract; we are reporting a unique case of A. neuii postoperative testicular abscess with bacteremia which was successfully treated with surgery and a short course of parenteral antimicrobials.
PubMed: 26955522
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2014.05.002 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2008Actinomyces neuii subsp. neuii is a rare isolate in clinical specimens. The organism was previously designated CDC coryneform group 1 and was renamed in 1994. A case of...
Actinomyces neuii subsp. neuii is a rare isolate in clinical specimens. The organism was previously designated CDC coryneform group 1 and was renamed in 1994. A case of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by this organism is described.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Female; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Middle Aged; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
PubMed: 18367573
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02141-07 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Sep 2002We determined the frequency distribution of Actinomyces spp. recovered in a routine clinical laboratory and investigated the clinical significance of accurate...
We determined the frequency distribution of Actinomyces spp. recovered in a routine clinical laboratory and investigated the clinical significance of accurate identification to the species level. We identified 92 clinical strains of Actinomyces, including 13 strains in the related Arcanobacterium-Actinobaculum taxon, by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and recorded their biotypes, sources, and disease associations. The clinical isolates clustered into 21 genogroups. Twelve genogroups (74 strains) correlated with a known species, and nine genogroups (17 strains) did not. The individual species had source and disease correlates. Actinomyces turicensis was the most frequently isolated species and was associated with genitourinary tract specimens, often with other organisms and rarely with inflammatory cells. Actinomyces radingae was most often associated with serious, chronic soft tissue abscesses of the breast, chest, and back. Actinomyces europaeus was associated with skin abscesses of the neck and genital areas. Actinomyces lingnae, Actinomyces gravenitzii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Actinomyces meyeri were isolated from respiratory specimens, while A. odontolyticus-like strains were isolated from diverse sources. Several of the species were commonly coisolated with a particular bacterium: Actinomyces israelii was the only Actinomyces spp. coisolated with Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans; Actinomyces meyeri was coisolated with Peptostreptococcus micros and was the only species other than A. israelii associated with sulfur granules in histological specimens. Most genogroups had consistent biotypes (as determined with the RapID ANA II system); however, strains were misidentified, and many codes were not in the database. One biotype was common to several genogroups, with all of these isolates being identified as A. meyeri. Despite the recent description of new Actinomyces spp., 19% of the isolates recovered in our routine laboratory belonged to novel genospecies. One novel group with three strains, Actinomyces houstonensis sp. nov., was phenotypically similar to A. meyeri and A. turicensis but was genotypically closest to Actinomyces neuii. A. houstonensis sp. nov. was associated with abscesses. Our data documented consistent site and disease associations for 21 genogroups of Actinomyces spp. that provide greater insights into appropriate treatments. However, we also demonstrated a complexity within the Actinomyces genus that compromises the biochemical identification of Actinomyces that can be performed in most clinical laboratories. It is our hope that this large group of well-defined strains will be used to find a simple and accurate biochemical test for differentiation of the species in routine laboratories.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Ribosomal; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 12202591
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.9.3442-3448.2002 -
IDCases 2017Actinomycosis is a slowly progressive infection caused by anaerobic bacteria, primarily from the genus . Primary actinomycosis of the breast is rare and presents as a...
Actinomycosis is a slowly progressive infection caused by anaerobic bacteria, primarily from the genus . Primary actinomycosis of the breast is rare and presents as a mass like density which can mimic malignancy. Mammography, ultrasonography and histopathologic examination is required for diagnosis. Treatment should consist of high doses of antibacterials for a prolonged period of time and possibly surgical drainage. Primary actinomycosis infections are commonly caused by . is a less common cause of classical actinomycosis. We present two cases of primary actinomycosis of the breast in two female patients caused by
PubMed: 28462153
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2017.03.014 -
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and... Jan 2021The role of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis remains controversial. While penicillin is a highly effective antibiotic against bacteria...
IMPORTANCE
The role of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis remains controversial. While penicillin is a highly effective antibiotic against bacteria that frequently cause endophthalmitis, the ability of systemically administered Penicillin G to penetrate into the vitreous at adequate therapeutic concentrations has not been studied. Its role in the treatment of endophthalmitis, particularly for bacteria for which it is the antibiotic of choice, therefore remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to determine whether intravenous administration of Penicillin G leads to adequate therapeutic concentrations in the vitreous for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis.
DESIGN AND SETTING
This study was conducted in an ambulatory setting, at the Ottawa Hospital Eye Institute, a university-affiliated tertiary care center, where a 77-year old gentleman with chronic post-cataract surgery Actinomyces neuii endophathalmitis was treated with intravenous Penicillin G (4 × 10 units every 4 h) and intravitreal ampicillin (5000μg/0.1 m1).
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Intravitreal concentration of Penicillin G and ampicillin were obtained at the time of intraocular lens removal, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.
RESULTS
The intravitreal concentration of penicillin and ampicillin was 3.5μg/ml and 0.3μg/ml, respectively. Both the concentration of penicillin and ampicillin were within the level of detection of their respective assays (penicillin 0.06-5μg/ml, ampicillin 0.12-2.5μg/ml).
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE
This study shows that intravenous Penicillin G administered every four-hours allows for adequate intravitreal concentrations of penicillin. Future studies are required to determine if the results of this study translate into improved clinical outcomes.
PubMed: 33479857
DOI: 10.1186/s12348-020-00232-0 -
BMJ Case Reports May 2014We present the first reported case of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection secondary to Actinomyces neuii in a paediatric patient. Our patient was managed with temporary...
We present the first reported case of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection secondary to Actinomyces neuii in a paediatric patient. Our patient was managed with temporary shunt removal, intrathecal antibiotics and a prolonged course of intravenous and then oral antibiotics. She went on to make a complete recovery. Subsequent cerebrospinal fluid analysis at 5 months post-treatment demonstrated no evidence of residual infection.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Device Removal; Drainage; Female; Humans; Infant; Injections, Spinal; Penicillins; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
PubMed: 24859562
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-204576 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Dec 2016Commensal bacteria from the skin and mucosal surfaces are routinely isolated from patient samples and considered contaminants. The majority of these isolates are...
Commensal bacteria from the skin and mucosal surfaces are routinely isolated from patient samples and considered contaminants. The majority of these isolates are catalase-positive Gram-positive rods from multiple genera routinely classified as diphtheroids. These organisms can be seen upon Gram staining of clinical specimens or can be isolated as the predominant or pure species in culture, raising a priori suspicion of a possible involvement in infection. With the development and adoption of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), suspicious isolates are now routinely identified to the species level. In this study, we performed a retrospective data review (2012 to 2015) and utilized site-specific laboratory criteria and chart reviews to identify species within the diphtheroid classification representative of true infection versus contamination. Our data set included 762 isolates from 13 genera constituting 41 bacterial species. Only 18% represented true infection, and 82% were deemed contaminants. Clinically significant isolates were identified in anaerobic wounds (18%), aerobic wounds (30%), blood (5.5%), urine (22%), cerebrospinal fluid (24%), ophthalmologic cultures (8%), and sterile sites (20%). Organisms deemed clinically significant included multiple Actinomyces species in wounds, Propionibacterium species in joints and cerebrospinal fluid associated with central nervous system hardware, Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (100%) in breast, and Corynebacterium striatum in multiple sites. Novel findings include clinically significant urinary tract infections by Actinomyces neuii (21%) and Corynebacterium aurimucosum (21%). Taken together, these findings indicate that species-level identification of diphtheroids isolated with a priori suspicion of infection is essential to accurately determine whether an isolate belongs to a species associated with specific types of infection.
Topics: Gram-Positive Rods; Humans; Molecular Typing; Mucous Membrane; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Retrospective Studies; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Skin; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 27629905
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01393-16