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Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical... 2021This study is aimed to test the efficacy of C-10 Massoia lactone in oral polymicrobial degradation. Polymicrobial of , , , and were studied. C-10 Massoia lactone...
This study is aimed to test the efficacy of C-10 Massoia lactone in oral polymicrobial degradation. Polymicrobial of , , , and were studied. C-10 Massoia lactone against biofilm degradation was investigated using modified crystal violet for biofilm staining. The effectiveness of C-10 Massoia lactone against biofilms was calculated by the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and the minimum value of biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC). Scanning electron microscope was used to study biofilm cell viability and morphological changes. The results showed a degradation effect of C-10 Massoia lactone against mature oral polymicrobial at 0.25% v/v. C-10 Massoia lactone can degrade polymicrobial biofilms of , , and . This compound can destroy the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of polymicrobial biofilms. The potential application of C-10 Massoia lactone for anti-polymicrobial medication should be applied in such a way that any negative effects are minimized. Further research is needed to confirm the findings of this study.
PubMed: 33532362
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_105_20 -
Infection and Immunity Feb 1982Germfree Osborne-Mendel rats were monoassociated with Actinomyces viscosus or Streptococcus mutans. The adherence and subsequent growth of these organisms on the tooth... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Germfree Osborne-Mendel rats were monoassociated with Actinomyces viscosus or Streptococcus mutans. The adherence and subsequent growth of these organisms on the tooth surface was studied by means of total viable cell counts. Both A. viscosus and S. mutans showed a lag phase and an exponential growth phase, similar to logarithmic growth in batch cultures. The exponential growth rates of S. mutans and A. viscosus were 0.63 h-1 (doubling time [td] = 1.1 h) and 0.24 h-1 (td = 2.9 h), respectively. After a period of rapid growth, the rate declined and the populations approached a steady state. The presence of a sucrose-containing diet did not significantly influence the exponential growth rates of A. viscosus and S. mutans, but had a slight negative effect on the initial adherence of S. mutans at the tooth surface.
Topics: Actinomyces; Adhesiveness; Animals; Diet, Cariogenic; Germ-Free Life; Kinetics; Rats; Starvation; Streptococcus mutans; Tooth
PubMed: 7056576
DOI: 10.1128/iai.35.2.583-587.1982 -
Infection and Immunity Aug 1995Stable transformants of Actinomyces viscosus T14V carrying heterologous DNA were obtained with the aid of integration plasmids. These plasmids contained a kanamycin...
Stable transformants of Actinomyces viscosus T14V carrying heterologous DNA were obtained with the aid of integration plasmids. These plasmids contained a kanamycin resistance (Kmr) gene flanked by A. viscosus T14V genomic DNA, including parts of the type 1 structural fimbrial subunit gene (fimP) on one or both sides of the antibiotic marker. Significantly more Kmr transformants were obtained with a plasmid carrying longer segments of homologous strain T14V DNA. Integration of this plasmid into the A. viscosus T14V genome affected the expression and function of type 1 fimbriae in the transformants. In the transformant strain designated A. viscosus MY50D, the inactivated fimP replaced the wild-type fimP via allelic replacement. A. viscosus MY51S and MY52S each contained a copy of the plasmid integrated into the genome by a Campbell-like insertion mechanism. A. viscosus MY50D and MY51S lacked type 1 fimbriae and did not bind to proline-rich proteins (the fimbrial receptors) immobilized on nitrocellulose. In contrast, strain MY52S synthesized the structural subunit protein, as detected by immunostaining with anti-A. viscosus T14V type 1 fimbria antibodies. However, the high-molecular-weight proteins observed in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels of fimbriae from the cell wall of the wild-type strain T14V were absent in cell wall preparations of this strain. Moreover, A. viscosus MY52S failed to bind, in vitro, to proline-rich proteins. Thus, these results demonstrate that insertion of heterologous DNA at specific sites of the Actinomyces genome can be facilitated with integratable plasmids and that the transformants and mutants generated will aid in the delineation of the roles and contributions of specific genes to the structure and function of any macromolecule produced by these organisms.
Topics: Actinomyces; DNA, Bacterial; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Vectors; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasmids; Recombination, Genetic; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transformation, Genetic
PubMed: 7622214
DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.8.2924-2930.1995 -
European Journal of Medical Research Jun 2024The use of probiotics could promote the balance of the subgingival microbiota to contribute to periodontal health. This study aimed to identify the potential of bacteria...
OBJECTIVES
The use of probiotics could promote the balance of the subgingival microbiota to contribute to periodontal health. This study aimed to identify the potential of bacteria commonly associated with healthy periodontal tissues as probiotic candidates.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Ovid databases as well as the combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH terms. Based on the selection criteria, original studies published in English and identifying the microorganisms present in the periodontium of healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis using the high-throughput 16S ribosomal gene sequencing technique were included.
RESULTS
Out of 659 articles, 12 met the criteria for this review. These articles were published from 2012 to 2020 and mainly originated from the United States, China, and Spain. Most of these studies reported adequate criteria for selecting participants, using standardized clinical criteria, and compliance with quality based on the tools used. In periodontal healthy tissue were identified species like Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Rothia dentocariosa, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus intermedius, and Prevotella nigrescens which have recognized strains with a capacity to inhibit periodontopathogens.
CONCLUSIONS
S. sanguinis, S. oralis, S. mitis, and S. gordonii are among the bacterial species proposed as potential probiotics because some strains can inhibit periodontopathogens and have been reported as safe for humans.
Topics: Humans; Probiotics; Periodontium; Periodontitis; Bacteria; Microbiota
PubMed: 38877601
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01908-2 -
Infection and Immunity Jun 1979Coaggregation reactions between actinomycete and streptococcal cells occurred frequently when human strains of Actinomyces viscosus or A. naeslundii were mixed with...
Coaggregation reactions between actinomycete and streptococcal cells occurred frequently when human strains of Actinomyces viscosus or A. naeslundii were mixed with human isolates of Streptococcus sanguis or S. mitis, but were infrequent with other oral actinomycetes and streptococci. Two groups of actinomycetes and four groups of streptococci were defined by the patterns of their coaggregation reactions and by the ability of beta-linked galactosides (i.e., lactose) to reverse these reactions. Coaggregations occurred by one of the following three kinds to cell-cell interactions: (i) coaggregation that was blocked by heating the streptococcus but not the actinomycete and was not reversed by lactose; (ii) coaggregation that was blocked by heating the actinomycete but not the streptococcus and was reversed by lactose; and (iii) coaggregation that was blocked only by heating both cell types. The latter reaction was a combination of the first two since lactose reversed coaggregation between heated streptococci and unheated actinomycetes but did not reverse coaggregations between unheated streptococci and heated actinomycetes. Cells that could be heat inactivated also were inactivated by amino group acetylation or protease digestion, whereas cells that were unaffected by heat were not inactivated by these treatments. Coaggregation reactions of each kind were Ca2+ dependent and insensitive to dextranase treatment. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that human strains of A. viscosus and A. naeslundii coaggregate with strains of S. sanguis and S. mitis by a system of specific cell surface interactions between protein or glycoprotein receptors on one cell type and carbohydrates on the other type.
Topics: Acetylation; Actinomyces; Calcium; Dextranase; Dextrans; Fructans; Hot Temperature; Humans; Lactose; Peptide Hydrolases; Streptococcus; Streptococcus mutans; Streptococcus sanguis
PubMed: 468376
DOI: 10.1128/iai.24.3.742-752.1979 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 1975A medium for detecting colonies of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii in dental plaque samples was developed. The medium (CNAC-20) contains 20.0 mug of...
A medium for detecting colonies of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii in dental plaque samples was developed. The medium (CNAC-20) contains 20.0 mug of 3CdSO4-8H2O per ml of Columbia CNA agar base. Laboratory strains of A. viscosus grew on CNAC-20 in characteristic round, white, smooth, opaque colonies. Increasing the cadmium concentration impaired the growth of some A. viscosus strains. Stock strains of A. naeslundii and A. israelii grew in colonies of similar white, opaque morphology. The few strains of other gram-positive plaque bacteria that grew on CNAC-20 had colonies easily distinguished from those of A. viscosus. Most of the bacterial strains freshly isolated from Actinomyces-like colonies on CNAC-20 that had been inoculated with human dental plaque samples were found to have cultural characteristics consistent with previous descriptions of A. viscosus or A. naeslundii. CNAC-20 may facilitate investigations into the relationship of microaerophilic Actinomyces with the etiology of dental diseases.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycetaceae; Cadmium; Culture Media; Dental Plaque; Humans; Lactobacillus; Periodontal Diseases; Streptococcus
PubMed: 1184734
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.2.4.305-310.1975 -
Infection and Immunity Apr 1981The influence of the growth medium on the ability of strains of Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus and A. naeslundii to attach to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite...
The influence of the growth medium on the ability of strains of Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus and A. naeslundii to attach to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite (S-HA) surfaces was studied. Preliminary experiments indicated that cells of each species harvested in lag, log, and early stationary phases of growth adsorbed comparably to S-HA; thus, early stationary phase cells were used in all subsequent assays. Strains were grown in chemically defined medium (CDM), in CDM supplemented with gastric mucin or with filter-sterilized or (60)Co-irradiated saliva from human donors of blood types A, B, or O, and in Trypticase soy broth (BBL Microbiology Systems) and Todd-Hewitt broth. Adherence of S. mutans H12 to S-HA tended to vary when the streptococci were grown in saliva-supplemented CDM, but the number of cells which attached was generally within twofold of that of CDM-grown cells. Attachment of A. viscosus S2 and LY7 and of A. naeslundii S4 and L13 was generally similar when grown in CDM or in CDM supplemented with saliva, but it tended to increase for organisms grown in CDM supplemented with gastric mucin. None of the strains studied appeared to destroy the blood group reactivity of the added salivary components, and they attached equally well to HA treated with homologous or heterogous saliva from that present in the medium in which they were grown. The A. viscosus strains adsorbed in 25 to 40% higher numbers to HA treated with blood type B saliva than with type A saliva, irrespective of the medium used for growth. S. mutans H12 cells displayed alpha- and beta-glucosidase and alpha-galactosidase activity; the Actinomyces strains exhibited these activities plus beta-galactosidase when grown in all media. However, the levels of these glycoside hydrolases did not correlate with cell adsorption to S-HA. The apparent weak influence of the growth medium on attachment of S. mutans was studied further. Strains of S. mutans isolated from the saliva of five human donors were made resistant to streptomycin, grown in CDM, and then added to new saliva samples from the respective donors from which they were obtained. The in vitro-grown cells were found to attach to S-HA comparably to S. mutans cells present naturally in the saliva.
Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Actinomyces; Adhesiveness; Adsorption; Culture Media; Glycoside Hydrolases; Humans; Hydroxyapatites; Preservation, Biological; Saliva; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 7216480
DOI: 10.1128/iai.32.1.111-117.1981 -
The Canadian Journal of Infectious... 2022In dental treatments, the reason for secondary caries and the failure of root canal treatment is the microbial infection, which concerns most dentists. The challenge of...
INTRODUCTION
In dental treatments, the reason for secondary caries and the failure of root canal treatment is the microbial infection, which concerns most dentists. The challenge of how to reduce the number of bacteria at the filling materials and the number of residual bacteria in the root canal has become a research hotspot. In this study, the bacterial adhesion properties of several common dental materials were compared to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of antibacterial properties of dental materials. . Three commonly used dental restorative materials and five sealers in root canal treatment were selected. Each material block was immersed in the corresponding supragingival ( and ) or subgingival ( and ) bacterial solution and cultured under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h. The adhesion of bacteria was observed, and the number of different bacteria adhering to various material model disks was calculated at different time intervals under a scanning electron microscope. The adherent CFU load of the materials was determined by colony counting.
RESULTS
and exhibited the strongest adhesion ability to the resin material blocks. and exhibited the highest adhesion ability to the AH-Plus sealer block.
CONCLUSIONS
In dental treatments, dental materials should be selected based on the chemical, physical, and biological properties of materials. In addition, it is necessary to develop new antibacterial dental materials.
PubMed: 35959001
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9595067 -
Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2022The cross-kingdom interactions between Candida albicans and Actinomyces viscosus play critical roles in root caries. However, the key pathway by which C. albicans...
The cross-kingdom interactions between Candida albicans and Actinomyces viscosus play critical roles in root caries. However, the key pathway by which C. albicans regulates its interactions with A. viscosus is unclear. Here, we first employed 39 volunteers with root caries and 37 caries-free volunteers, and found that the abundances of C. albicans and A. viscosus were significantly increased in the individuals with root caries and showed a strong positive correlation. Their dual-species combination synergistically promoted biofilm formation and root caries in rats. The arginine biosynthesis pathway of C. albicans was significantly upregulated in dual-species biofilms and dental plaques from another 10 root caries volunteers compared with the 10 caries-free volunteers. The exogenous addition of arginine increased the cariogenicity of the dual-species biofilm. The C. albicans , a key gene from the arginine biosynthesis pathway, null mutant failed to promote dual-species biofilm formation and root caries in rats; however, the addition of arginine restored its synergistic actions with A. viscosus. Our results identified the critical roles of the C. albicans arginine biosynthesis pathway in its cross-kingdom interactions with A. viscosus for the first time and indicated that targeting this pathway was a practical way to treat root caries caused by multiple species. Root caries is a critical problem that threatens the oral health of the elderly population. Our results identified the essential roles of the C. albicans arginine biosynthesis pathway in its cross-kingdom interactions with A. viscosus in root caries for the first time and indicated that targeting this pathway was a practical way to treat root caries caused by multiple species.
Topics: Actinomyces viscosus; Aged; Animals; Arginine; Biofilms; Candida albicans; Dental Caries; Humans; Rats; Root Caries
PubMed: 35862976
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00782-22 -
Infection and Immunity Sep 1978Actinomyces viscosus T14V and Streptococcus sanguis 34 coaggregate by a mechanism which is not inhibited by 1 M NaCl, is dextran independent, requires calcium, is pH...
Actinomyces viscosus T14V and Streptococcus sanguis 34 coaggregate by a mechanism which is not inhibited by 1 M NaCl, is dextran independent, requires calcium, is pH dependent with an optimum at pH 8.0 to 8.5, and appears to require the interaction of a protein or glycoprotein on A. viscosus with a carbohydrate on S. sanguis. The coaggregation is inhibited more than 80% by 0.01 M lactose, 0.02 M beta-methyl-D-galactoside, or 0.05 M D-galactose; inhibition of coaggregation was less than 10% in 0.1 M alpha-methyl-D-galactoside, melibiose, maltose, cellobiose, sucrose, and a number of monosaccharides. At very high concentrations of enzyme, protease from S. griseus destroyed the reactive site on A. viscosus but not on S. sanguis. Both were totally resistant to dextranase. Periodate (0.01 M; pH 4) inactivated both bacteria. The ability of S. sanguis to coaggregate with A. viscosus was not destroyed by phenol-water extraction at 65 degrees C for 15 min. When the bacteria were cultured under specified conditions, the coaggregation was highly reproducible. Under the same conditions, T14AV, the avirulent mutant of A. viscosus T14V, did not coaggregate with S. sanguis 34. Electron microscopic studies of coaggregates, labeled immunochemically with antibody to A. viscosus, indicated that fibrils on A. viscosus may be involved in the coaggregation.
Topics: Actinomyces; Bacterial Proteins; Cell Aggregation; Culture Media; Dental Plaque; Dextrans; Galactose; Glycerol; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ions; Species Specificity; Streptococcus sanguis
PubMed: 30701
DOI: 10.1128/iai.21.3.978-988.1978