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Academic Emergency Medicine : Official... Jan 2004Many people die in emergency departments (EDs) across the United States from sudden illnesses or injuries, an exacerbation of a chronic disease, or a terminal illness.... (Review)
Review
Many people die in emergency departments (EDs) across the United States from sudden illnesses or injuries, an exacerbation of a chronic disease, or a terminal illness. Frequently, patients and families come to the ED seeking lifesaving or life-prolonging treatment. In addition, the ED is a place of transition-patients usually are transferred to an inpatient unit, transferred to another hospital, or discharged home. Rarely are patients supposed to remain in the ED. Currently, there is an increasing amount of literature related to end-of-life care. However, these end-of-life care models are based on chronic disease trajectories and have difficulty accommodating sudden-death trajectories common in the ED. There is very little information about end-of-life care in the ED. This article explores ED culture and characteristics, and examines the applicability of current end-of-life care models.
Topics: Acute Disease; Attitude to Death; Emergency Medicine; Emergency Service, Hospital; Hospice Care; Humans; Life Support Care; Models, Organizational; Organizational Culture; Palliative Care; Terminal Care
PubMed: 14709435
DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2003.07.019 -
Psychiatria Danubina Mar 2016The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in satisfaction with life and coping strategies between patients with acute and chronic urticaria.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in satisfaction with life and coping strategies between patients with acute and chronic urticaria.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Sixty patients with urticaria were divided into 2 groups after 6 weeks of standardized dermatology treatment (33 patients with acute and 27 patients with chronic urticaria). At baseline, all patients answered the following questionnaires: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI-A), The Multidimensional Coping Inventory (COPE) and General questionnaire (age, gender, education, employment, marital status). After six weeks all the participants were re-tested with 2 questionnaires: SWLS and PWI-A.
RESULTS
Six weeks after the initial testing there was a statistically significant difference in satisfaction with life between patients with acute and chronic urticaria. Patients with acute urticaria were more satisfied with their lives than patients with chronic urticaria. Also, there was a statistically significant difference in the use of emotion-focused coping, seeking social support for emotional reasons and seeking social support for instrumental reasons. Patients with acute urticaria used emotion-focused coping and sought social support for emotional and instrumental reasons to a greater degree than patients with chronic urticaria.
CONCLUSION
Patients with acute urticaria were more satisfied with their lives than patients with chronic urticaria. Patients with acute urticaria used emotion-focused coping and sought social support for emotional and instrumental reasons to a greater degree than patients with chronic urticaria.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Personal Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Social Support; Urticaria
PubMed: 26938819
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Dec 1950
Topics: Acute Disease; Appendicitis; Humans
PubMed: 14792024
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4693.1347 -
PloS One 2018Burden of disease studies intend to improve public health decision-making and to measure social and economic impact in population. The objective of this study was to...
BACKGROUND
Burden of disease studies intend to improve public health decision-making and to measure social and economic impact in population. The objective of this study was to describe the burden of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Ecuador between 2011 and 2015.
METHODS
Five-year period morbidity and mortality data available from national agencies of statistics was analyzed to estimate the burden of disease attributable to acute respiratory infections. Cases and deaths registered were grouped according to their ICD-10 code into three diagnostic groups: Acute upper respiratory infections (J00-J06), Influenza and pneumonia (J09-J18), and Bronchitis and other acute lower respiratory infections (J20-J22, J85, J86). Disability-adjusted life years stratified by diagnostic and age group were calculated using the "DALY" package for R. The productivity loss in monetary terms was estimated using the human capital method.
RESULTS
Over the 5-year period studied there were a total of 14.84 million cases of acute respiratory infections, with 17 757 deaths reported (0.12%). The yearly burden of disease ranged between 98 944 to 118 651 disability-adjusted life years, with an estimated average loss of productivity of US$152.16 million (±19.6) per year. Approximately 99% of the burden can be attributed to years life lost due to premature mortality in population under 5 years old and over 60 years-old.
CONCLUSIONS
The burden of acute respiratory infections remained steady during the analyzed period. Evidence-based prevention and control policies to tackle acute respiratory infections in Ecuador should focus on the population at extreme ages of life.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Cause of Death; Child; Child, Preschool; Disabled Persons; Ecuador; Efficiency; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; International Classification of Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Morbidity; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Respiratory Tract Infections; Young Adult
PubMed: 29715314
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196650 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia Jun 2023
Topics: Humans; Acute Disease; Heart Diseases; Coronary Disease
PubMed: 37341250
DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230283 -
Preventing Chronic Disease Nov 2005
Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Delivery of Health Care; Disaster Planning; Disasters; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Public Health; United States
PubMed: 16263037
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports May 2020Impulsivity and stress exposure are two factors that are associated with changes in reward-related behavior in ways that are relevant to both healthy and maladaptive...
Impulsivity and stress exposure are two factors that are associated with changes in reward-related behavior in ways that are relevant to both healthy and maladaptive decision-making. Nonetheless, little empirical work has examined the possible independent and joint effects of these factors upon reward learning. Here, we sought to examine how trait impulsivity and acute stress exposure affect participants' choice behavior and decision speed in a two-stage sequential reinforcement-learning task. We found that more impulsive participants were more likely to repeat second-stage choices after previous reward, irrespective of stress condition. Exposure to stress, on the other hand, was associated with an increased tendency to repeat second-stage choices independent of whether these choices previously led to a reward, and this tendency was exacerbated in more impulsive individuals. Such interaction effects between stress and impulsivity were also found on decision speed. Stress and impulsivity levels interacted to drive faster choices overall (again irrespective of reward) at both task stages, while reward received on the previous trial slowed subsequent first-stage choices, particularly among impulsive individuals under stress. Collectively, our results reveal novel, largely interactive effects of trait impulsivity and stress exposure and suggest that stress may reveal individual differences in decision-making tied to impulsivity that are not readily apparent in the absence of stress.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Choice Behavior; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Reward; Stress, Psychological; Time Factors
PubMed: 32385327
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64540-0 -
International Journal of Mental Health... Oct 2018Long psychiatric hospital stays are unpopular with services users, harmful, and costly. Economic pressures alongside a drive for recovery-orientated care in the least... (Review)
Review
Long psychiatric hospital stays are unpopular with services users, harmful, and costly. Economic pressures alongside a drive for recovery-orientated care in the least restrictive contexts have led to increasing pressure to discharge people from hospital early. Hospital discharge is, however, complex, stressful, and risky for service users and families. This rapid literature review aimed to assess what is known about early discharge in acute mental health. Searches were conducted in nine bibliographic databases, reference lists, and targeted grey literature sources. Fourteen included papers focused on early discharge in mental health, a population over 18 years with a mental health condition, and reported outcomes on therapeutic care or service delivery. Quality appraisal was undertaken using The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. The meta-summary of the literature found that early discharge was neither provided to all inpatients nor limited to the Crisis Resolution and Home Treatment (CRHT) service model internationally. Early discharge interventions required collaborative working and discharge planning. It was not associated with unplanned readmissions and had a small effect on length of stay. Most studies reported service outcomes, whereas health outcomes were underreported. Professionals and service users were positive about early discharge and service users asked for peer support. Carers preferred hospital or day hospital care suggesting their need for respite. Limitations in the scope, detail, and quality of the evidence about early discharge leave an unclear picture of the components of early discharge as an intervention, its effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, or outcomes.
Topics: Acute Disease; Crisis Intervention; Humans; Length of Stay; Mental Disorders; Patient Discharge
PubMed: 29949227
DOI: 10.1111/inm.12515 -
Nephron 2018Chronic kidney disease affects approximately 10% of the world's adult population: it is within the top 20 causes of death worldwide, and its impact on patients and their... (Review)
Review
Chronic kidney disease affects approximately 10% of the world's adult population: it is within the top 20 causes of death worldwide, and its impact on patients and their families can be devastating. World Kidney Day and International Women's Day in 2018 coincide, thus offering an opportunity to reflect on the importance of women's health and specifically their kidney health, on the community and the next generations, as well as to strive to be more curious about the unique aspects of kidney disease in women so that we may apply those learnings more broadly. Girls and women, who make up approximately 50% of the world's population, are important contributors to society and their families. Gender differences continue to exist around the world in access to education, medical care, and participation in clinical studies. Pregnancy is a unique state for women, offering an opportunity for diagnosis of kidney disease, but also a state where acute and chronic kidney diseases may manifest, and which may impact future generations with respect to kidney health. There are various autoimmune and other conditions that are more likely to have an impact on women, with profound consequences for child bearing, and on the fetus. Women have different complications on dialysis than men, and are more likely to be donors than recipients of kidney transplants. In this editorial, we focus on what we do and do not know about women, kidney health, and kidney disease, and what we might learn in the future to improve outcomes worldwide.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Female; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status Disparities; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Pregnancy; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Women; Women's Health
PubMed: 29439263
DOI: 10.1159/000485267 -
Neurology Feb 2022
Topics: Acute Disease; Epilepsy; Humans
PubMed: 35190474
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013285