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Diseases of the Colon and Rectum May 2012Information about adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon and rectum is scarce because of its extremely low incidence. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Information about adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon and rectum is scarce because of its extremely low incidence.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of a histological diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma in comparison with adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum.
DESIGN
This study was retrospective in design.
SETTING
California Cancer Registry data from 1994 through 2004 with follow-up through 2008 were analyzed.
PATIENTS
Patients were included whose cancer of the colon and rectum, excluding the anus with a tumor histology of adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma, was surgically treated.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcomes measured were histology-specific survival analyses (with the use of the Kaplan-Meier method), and overall and colorectal-specific mortality (with the use of multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses).
RESULTS
A total of 111,263 adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of colon and rectal cancer cases were identified (adenocarcinoma, 99.91%; adenosquamous carcinoma, 0.09%). There was no significant difference in sex, age, race, and socioeconomic status between the 2 groups. The most common location of adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma was the right and transverse colon. The adenosquamous carcinoma group was significantly associated with a higher rate of metastasis at the time of operation (adenosquamous carcinoma, 36.56% vs adenocarcinoma, 13.92%) and with poorly differentiated tumor grade (adenosquamous carcinoma, 65.96% vs adenocarcinoma, 19.74%) in comparison with the adenocarcinoma group. The median overall survival time was significantly greater in the adenocarcinoma group (82.4 months) in comparison with the adenosquamous carcinoma group (35.3 months). With the use of multivariable hazard regression analyses, adenosquamous carcinoma histology was independently associated with increased overall mortality (hazard ratio, 1.67) and colorectal-specific mortality (hazard ratio, 1.69) in comparison with adenocarcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS
This is one of the largest studies of adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon and rectum to date. This uncommon colorectal cancer subtype was associated with higher overall and colorectal-specific mortality in comparison with adenocarcinoma. Among colorectal cancer cases, adenosquamous carcinoma histology should be considered a poor prognostic feature.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; California; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Child; Colorectal Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Morbidity; Population Surveillance; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; SEER Program; Survival Rate; Young Adult
PubMed: 22513428
DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0b013e3182420953 -
Computational and Mathematical Methods... 2022Lung adenosquamous carcinoma (LASC) is a special type of lung cancer. LASC is a malignant tumor with strong aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Previous studies have...
BACKGROUND
Lung adenosquamous carcinoma (LASC) is a special type of lung cancer. LASC is a malignant tumor with strong aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Previous studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in the development of tumors by targeting mRNA. This study is aimed at identifying the key mRNAs and miRNAs of LASC and constructing miRNA-mRNA networks for deeply comprehending the latent molecular mechanisms.
METHODS
mRNA dataset (GSE51852) and miRNA dataset (GSE51853) were extracted and downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were picked out by the GEO2R web tool. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses were conducted in the DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed and analyzed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape software, respectively. TransmiR v2.0 was applied to predict potential transcription factors of miRNAs. The target genes of DEMs were predicted in the miRWalk database.
RESULTS
In comparison to normal tissues, a total of 1458 DEGs (511 upregulated and 947 downregulated) and 13 DEMs (5 upregulated and 8 downregulated) were screened out in LASC tissues. The PPI network of the DEGs displayed five key modules and seventeen hub genes. Six target genes of the DEMs were predicted, and five essential miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs were established. Ensuingly, CENPF, one of the target genes, was also the hub genes of GSE51852, which was obtained from MCODE and cytoHubba and regulated by hsa-miR-205.
CONCLUSIONS
We constructed the miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs, which are helpful to study the potential regulatory mechanisms and find out promising diagnosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LASC.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Computational Biology; Databases, Genetic; Down-Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Ontology; Gene Regulatory Networks; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; MicroRNAs; Protein Interaction Maps; RNA, Messenger; Software; Up-Regulation
PubMed: 35281953
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5851269 -
Medicine Feb 2023Adenosquamous carcinoma of the scrotum is a rare cancer associated with poor prognosis. It is diagnosed through the presence of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the scrotum is a rare cancer associated with poor prognosis. It is diagnosed through the presence of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
PATIENT CONCERNS
It may be difficult to diagnose at early stages and may have poor survival.
DIAGNOSES
We report a case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the scrotum in a 58-year-old male patient who presented with left scrotal mass for >1 year.
INTERVENTIONS
This is the first case in the literature of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the scrotum managed successfully with surgery and post-surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
OUTCOMES
The patient remained disease-free for 10 months postoperatively.
LESSONS
The surgery treatment combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the survival of adenosquamous carcinoma.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Scrotum; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Prognosis; Adenocarcinoma
PubMed: 36827046
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032994 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2018A 51-year-old white female presented with a painful ulcer of the left ventrolateral tongue. An incisional biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma. The...
A 51-year-old white female presented with a painful ulcer of the left ventrolateral tongue. An incisional biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma. The adenosquamous carcinoma is an uncommon malignant tumor with histopathological features of a squamous carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma. A definitive diagnosis requires histopathological examination of a deep biopsy involving the submucosal tissue. This malignant tumor shows aggressive behavior with early invasive growth and a poor prognosis. The histopathological findings and differential diagnosis of a case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the tongue are discussed.
Topics: Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Tongue Neoplasms
PubMed: 29243024
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-017-0877-z -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Apr 2019To examine the association of cervical cytology screening with the risk of adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASC) and rare histological types of invasive cervical carcinoma...
OBJECTIVES
To examine the association of cervical cytology screening with the risk of adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASC) and rare histological types of invasive cervical carcinoma (RICC), using comprehensive registry data, and to assess tumour human papillomavirus status of ASC and RICC.
DESIGN
Nationwide, population based, nested case-control study.
SETTING
Sweden.
PARTICIPANTS
All cases of invasive cervical carcinoma in Sweden during 2002-11 (4254 confirmed cases after clinical and histopathological review). 338 cases were neither squamous cell carcinoma nor adenocarcinoma, including 164 cases of ASC and 174 cases of RICC (glassy cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma). 30 birth year matched controls from the general Swedish population were matched to each case by applying incidence density sampling.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios, interpreted as incidence rate ratios, for risk of ASC and RICC in relation to screening status and screening history, adjusted for education. Human papillomavirus distribution of ASC and RICC was based on available archival tumour tissues from most Swedish pathology biobanks.
RESULTS
Women with two screening tests in the previous two recommended screening intervals had a lower risk of ASC (incidence rate ratio 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.34) and RICC (0.34, 0.21 to 0.55), compared with women without any test. High risk human papillomavirus was detected in 148/211 (70%) cases with valid human papillomavirus results from tumour tissues. The risk reduction among women with tumours that were positive (incidence rate ratio 0.28, 0.18 to 0.46) and negative (0.27, 0.13 to 0.59) for high risk human papillomavirus was similar, compared with women who did not attend any test.
CONCLUSIONS
Cervical screening is associated with reduced risk of ASC and RICC, and most ASC and RICC are positive for high risk human papillomavirus. This evidence provides a benchmark for evaluating future cervical screening strategies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Cervix Uteri; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Incidence; Middle Aged; Papillomavirus Infections; Registries; Risk; Risk Reduction Behavior; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed: 30944091
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l1207 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Apr 2017To investigate the expression and clinical pathological significance of ROR2 and WNT5a in gallbladder squamous/adenosquamous carcinoma (SC/ASC) and adenocarcinoma (AC). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
AIM
To investigate the expression and clinical pathological significance of ROR2 and WNT5a in gallbladder squamous/adenosquamous carcinoma (SC/ASC) and adenocarcinoma (AC).
METHODS
EnVision immunohistochemistry was used to stain for ROR2 and WNT5a in 46 SC/ASC patients and 80 AC patients.
RESULTS
Poorly differentiated AC among AC patients aged > 45 years were significantly more frequent compared with SC/ASC patients, while tumors with a maximal diameter > 3 cm in the SC/ASC group were significantly more frequent compared with the AC group. Positive ROR2 and WNT5a expression was significantly lower in SC/ASC or AC with a maximal mass diameter ≤ 3 cm, a TNM stage of I + II, no lymph node metastasis, no surrounding invasion, and radical resection than in patients with a maximal mass diameter > 3 cm, TNM stage IV, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, and no resection. Positive ROR2 expression in patients with highly differentiated SC/ASC was significantly lower than in patients with poorly differentiated SC/ASC. Positive ROR2 and WNT5a expression levels in highly differentiated AC were significantly lower than in poorly differentiated AC. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that differentiation degree, maximal mass diameter, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, surgical procedure and the ROR2 and WNT5a expression levels were closely related to average survival of SC/ASC or AC. The survival of SC/ASC or AC patients with positive expression of ROR2 and WNT5a was significantly shorter than that of patients with negative expression results. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that poor differentiation, a maximal diameter of the mass ≥ 3 cm, TNM stage III or IV, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, unresected surgery and positive ROR2 or WNT5a expression in the SC/ASC or AC patients were negatively correlated with the postoperative survival rate and positively correlated with mortality, which are risk factors and independent prognostic predictors.
CONCLUSION
SC/ASC or AC patients with positive ROR2 or WNT5a expression generally have a poor prognosis.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Cell Differentiation; Chi-Square Distribution; China; Female; Gallbladder Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Proportional Hazards Models; Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation; Wnt-5a Protein
PubMed: 28465645
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i14.2601 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Apr 2015Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare subset of ASC. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, treatment, and...
BACKGROUND
Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare subset of ASC. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of primary gastric ASC.
METHODS
The medical records of 13 consecutive patients with primary gastric ASC between January 2010 and July 2014 from a single institutional database were reviewed.
RESULTS
Male predominance was observed (M/F = 10/3) among the patients, and their median age was 62 years (range: 43 to 79 years). The primary lesions were most often found in the upper third of the stomach, with a median tumor size of 5 cm (range: 2.25 cm to 10.5 cm). Ten patients underwent radical resections (R0 resection, 76.9%), while three patients had palliative resections (R1/R2 resection, 23.1%). Twelve patients had lymph node metastasis at the time of surgery. Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components in lymph node were found in eight and two cases, respectively, while two patients had both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma components. In terms of the TNM staging system, stages IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, and IV were detected in 2 (15.4%), 2 (15.4%), 1 (7.7%), 5 (38.5%), and 3 (23.1%) patients, respectively. The median follow-up period was 22 months (range: 5 to 52 months); during which, four patients were still alive and eight patients died because of tumor progression. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 76.9%, 46.2%, and 15.4%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Primary gastric ASC has a very poor prognosis, and both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma components have distant metastasis potential.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrectomy; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Stomach Neoplasms; Survival Rate
PubMed: 25889482
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0554-1 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2013Thymidylate synthase expression is known to be higher in squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma of the lung. It is thought that this is the reason for the poor...
Thymidylate synthase expression is known to be higher in squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma of the lung. It is thought that this is the reason for the poor efficacy of pemetrexed in squamous cell carcinoma. However, there is limited data on thymidylate synthase expression in adenosquamous carcinoma, a distinct subtype of lung cancer containing both squamous and glandular differentiation. Furthermore, molecular alterations like epidermal growth factor receptor and Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog mutations, which are seen in adenocarcinomas, are not well understood in mixed histology tumors such as adenosquamous carcinoma. In our study, we sought to better characterize adenosquamous tumors of the lung. Using immunohistochemistry to evaluate thymidylate synthase protein levels, we found that the expression of thymidylate synthase in these mixed tumors roughly parallel that of squamous cell carcinoma, instead of falling in between squamous cell and adenocarcinoma. Of note, in adenosquamous samples, the expression of thymidylate synthase was more closely correlated within the two components than would be expected by random chance alone. Also, we had a relatively high rate of epidermal growth factor receptor (11%) and Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (33%) mutations in these specimens, with the mutations showing convergence in both the glandular and squamous components upon microdissection. Our results indicate that adenosquamous carcinomas are not simple mixtures of their two histological components; they rather behave as their own entity, and it is important to further understand their behavior. Given the similarity of thymidylate synthase expression between squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinoma, and that thymidylate synthase is the main target of pemetrexed, we extrapolate that pemetrexed may also have inferior clinical activity in adenosquamous carcinoma.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; ErbB Receptors; Female; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Thymidylate Synthase; ras Proteins
PubMed: 22996376
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.158 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2019Although 2014 World Health Organization criteria require unequivocal glandular and squamous differentiation for a diagnosis of cervical adenosquamous carcinoma, in...
Although 2014 World Health Organization criteria require unequivocal glandular and squamous differentiation for a diagnosis of cervical adenosquamous carcinoma, in practice, adenosquamous carcinoma diagnoses are often made in tumors that lack unequivocal squamous and/or glandular differentiation. Considering the ambiguous etiologic, morphological, and clinical features and outcomes associated with adenosquamous carcinomas, we sought to redefine these tumors. We reviewed slides from 59 initially diagnosed adenosquamous carcinomas (including glassy cell carcinoma and related lesions) to confirm an adenosquamous carcinoma diagnosis only in the presence of unequivocal malignant glandular and squamous differentiation. Select cases underwent immunohistochemical profiling as well as human papillomavirus (HPV) testing by in situ hybridization. Of the 59 cases originally classified as adenosquamous carcinomas, 34 retained their adenosquamous carcinoma diagnosis, 9 were reclassified as pure invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinomas, 10 as invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinomas with other components (such as HPV-associated mucinous, usual-type, or adenosquamous carcinomas), and 4 as HPV-associated usual or mucinous adenocarcinomas with benign-appearing squamous metaplasia. Two glassy cell carcinomas were reclassified as poorly differentiated usual-type carcinomas based on morphology and immunophenotype. There were significant immunophenotypic differences between adenosquamous carcinomas and pure invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinomas with regard to HPV (p < 0.0001), PAX8 (p = 0.038; more in adenosquamous carcinoma), p40 (p < 0.0001; more in adenosquamous carcinoma), p63 (p = 0.0018; more in adenosquamous carcinoma) and MUC6 (p < 0.0001; less in adenosquamous carcinoma), HNF-1beta (p = 0.0023), vimentin (p = 0.0003), p53 (p = 0.0004), and CK7 (p = 0.0002) expression. Survival outcomes were similar between all groups. Adenosquamous carcinomas should be diagnosed only in the presence of unequivocal malignant glandular and squamous differentiation. The two putative glassy cell carcinomas studied did not meet our criteria for adenosquamous carcinoma, and categorizing them as such should be reconsidered.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 30258209
DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0123-6 -
Gynecologic Oncology Oct 2022To compare survival outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and open surgery for radical hysterectomy (RH) in early cervical cancer patients with histologic...
Open versus minimally invasive radical hysterectomy for early cervical cancer: A two-center retrospective cohort study with pathologic review of usual-type adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
To compare survival outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and open surgery for radical hysterectomy (RH) in early cervical cancer patients with histologic subtypes of usual-type adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma.
METHODS
From two centers' cervical cancer cohorts, patients with 2009 FIGO stage IB1-IB2 who underwent RH between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively identified. Patients with usual-type adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma were included in the analysis after pathologic review according to the updated World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes were compared in terms of open surgery or MIS.
RESULTS
This study included 161 patients. No significant differences were noted in overall survival (OS; P = 0.241) and disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.156) between patients with usual-type adenocarcinoma (n = 136) and those with adenosquamous carcinoma (n = 25). MIS RH group (n = 99) had a significantly smaller tumor size (P < 0.001), lesser pathologic parametrial invasion (P = 0.001), and lesser lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) than open RH group (n = 62). MIS and open RH groups showed similar OS (P = 0.201) and 3-year DFS rate (87.9% vs. 75.1%; P = 0.184). In multivariate analysis, worse DFS was not associated with MIS (P = 0.589) but was associated with pathologic parametrial invasion (adjusted HR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.25-9.29; P = 0.016). Consistent results were observed among patients with usual-type adenocarcinoma; MIS was not associated with worse DFS.
CONCLUSIONS
Comparable survival outcomes were found for MIS and open RH in early-stage cervical usual-type adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Although MIS RH was not a poor prognostic factor, pathologic parametrial invasion was significantly associated with worse DFS in cervical usual-type adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Neoplasm Staging; Retrospective Studies; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 35970602
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.08.003