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MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... May 2022During October-November 2021, clinicians at a children's hospital in Alabama identified five pediatric patients with severe hepatitis and adenovirus viremia upon...
During October-November 2021, clinicians at a children's hospital in Alabama identified five pediatric patients with severe hepatitis and adenovirus viremia upon admission. In November 2021, hospital clinicians, the Alabama Department of Public Health, the Jefferson County Department of Health, and CDC began an investigation. This activity was reviewed by CDC and conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adenoviridae Infections; Alabama; Child; Hepatitis; Humans; Public Health
PubMed: 35511732
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7118e1 -
FEBS Letters Dec 2019Adenoviruses (AdVs) infect representatives of numerous species from almost every major vertebrate class, albeit their incidence shows great variability. AdVs infecting... (Review)
Review
Adenoviruses (AdVs) infect representatives of numerous species from almost every major vertebrate class, albeit their incidence shows great variability. AdVs infecting birds, reptiles, and bats are the most common and diverse, whereas only one AdV has been so far isolated both from fish and amphibians. The family Adenoviridae is divided into five genera, each corresponding to an independent evolutionary lineage that supposedly coevolved with its respective vertebrate hosts. Members of genera Mastadenovirus and Aviadenovirus seem to infect exclusively mammals and birds, respectively. The genus Ichtadenovirus includes the single known AdV from fish. The majority of AdVs in the genus Atadenovirus originated from squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes), but also certain mammalian and avian AdVs are classified within this genus. The genus Siadenovirus contains the only AdV isolated from frog, along with numerous avian AdVs. In turtles, members of a sixth AdV lineage have been discovered, pending official recognition as an independent genus. The most likely scenario for AdV evolution includes long-term cospeciation with the hosts, as well as occasional switches between closely or, rarely, more distantly related hosts.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Animals; Evolution, Molecular; Host Specificity; Phylogeny
PubMed: 31747467
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13687 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Sep 2022Adenoviral infections among raptors are best described in falcons and are characterized most commonly by necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis; only one case has been...
Adenoviral infections among raptors are best described in falcons and are characterized most commonly by necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis; only one case has been reported in a hawk. Five red-tailed hawks () and a broad-winged hawk () had an adenoviral infection based on history, histopathology, negative-stain electron microscopy, and PCR. All birds had acute onset of illness resulting in death; 3 had evidence of a concurrent bacterial infection. Microscopically, all 6 birds had solitary, pale eosinophilic-to-amphophilic, intranuclear inclusion bodies within presumed hematopoietic cells in bone marrow and macrophages in spleen. Five of the 6 birds had similar inclusions within hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. All but one bird had severe bone marrow necrosis. There was moderate splenic necrosis (3 of 6) and mild-to-marked hepatic necrosis (4 of 6). Negative-stain electron microscopy demonstrated adenoviral particles in bone marrow (5 of 6), liver (1 of 5), and/or spleen (1 of 5). PCR was positive for adenovirus in bone marrow (3 of 5), liver (1 of 3), spleen (4 of 6), and/or intestinal contents (2 of 3). Viral DNA polymerase gene sequences clustered within the genus. There was 99% nucleotide identity to one another and 90% nucleotide identity with the closest related adenovirus (Harris hawk, EU715130). Our case series expands on the limited knowledge of adenoviral infections in hawks. The splenic and hepatic necrosis, and particularly the hitherto unreported bone marrow necrosis, suggest that adenoviral infection is clinically relevant and potentially fatal in hawks.
Topics: Adenoviridae Infections; Animals; Bird Diseases; Birds; Hawks; Necrosis; Nucleotides
PubMed: 35762098
DOI: 10.1177/10406387221105240 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Dec 1984Sixteen infants and toddlers from four kibbutz day nurseries contracted an illness comprising fever, conjunctivitis, respiratory infection, lymphadenopathy, otitis...
Sixteen infants and toddlers from four kibbutz day nurseries contracted an illness comprising fever, conjunctivitis, respiratory infection, lymphadenopathy, otitis media, and a new sign, migratory palpebral erythema. Adenovirus type 3 was isolated from the pharynx of the first three children taken ill.
Topics: Adenoviridae Infections; Adenovirus Infections, Human; Erythema; Humans; Infant
PubMed: 6098226
DOI: 10.1136/adc.59.12.1182 -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) Jun 2021Obesity has numerous etiologies and includes biological factors. Studies have demonstrated that the human adenovirus subtype 36 (Adv36) is an adipogenic agent and causes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Obesity has numerous etiologies and includes biological factors. Studies have demonstrated that the human adenovirus subtype 36 (Adv36) is an adipogenic agent and causes metabolic alterations. Study results on the prevalence of Adv36 and clinical effects in humans vary substantially. This was a systematic review to summarize the studies on the prevalence of Adv36 infection and its association with human obesity.
METHODS
A systematic literature review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Observational or experimental studies found in the Medline, Embase, LILACS, Science Direct and SciELO databases that presented results on the prevalence of Adv36 in humans were included.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven studies were screened. A total of 10,300 adults aged 18-70 years and 4585 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years were assessed. The average prevalence of Adv36 among adults was 22.9%, ranging from 5.5% to 49.8%. Among children and adolescents, the average prevalence of Adv36 was 28.9%, ranging from 7.5% to 73.9%. There was a positive statistical relationship between Adv36 and weight gain, obesity, or metabolic changes in 31 studies. However, in four studies there was no association with obesity, and in one, no association was described. One of the studies showed an inverse correlation, i.e., Adv36 was a protective factor against obesity.
CONCLUSION
Strong evidence suggested a positive association between viral infection and obesity. However, due to the multi-causality of obesity and heterogeneity of studies, diagnostic tests should be standardized and easily accessible by the population to estimate the overall prevalence of Adv36 infection and its association with obesity.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prevalence; Young Adult
PubMed: 33753885
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00805-6 -
Immunology and Cell Biology Jan 2017Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are critical to the early detection and innate immune responses to pathogens. In particular, the toll-like receptor (TLR) system and...
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are critical to the early detection and innate immune responses to pathogens. In particular, the toll-like receptor (TLR) system and its associated adaptor proteins have essential roles in early host responses to infection. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, caused by the human adenovirus, is a severe ocular surface infection associated with corneal inflammation (stromal keratitis). We previously showed that adenovirus capsid was a key molecular pattern in adenovirus keratitis, with viral DNA having a lesser role. We have now investigated the role of the adaptor molecule MyD88 in a mouse model of adenovirus keratitis in which there is no viral replication. In MyD88 mice infected with human adenovirus type 37, clinical keratitis was markedly reduced, along with infiltration of CD45 cells, and expression of inflammatory cytokines. Reduction of inflammatory cytokines was also observed in infected primary human corneal fibroblasts pretreated with a MyD88 inhibitory peptide. Keratitis similar to wild type mice was observed in TLR2, TLR9 and IL-1R knockout mice, but was reduced in TLR2/9 double knockout mice, consistent with synergy of TLR2 and TLR9 in the response to adenovirus infection. MyD88 co-immunoprecipitated with Src kinase in mice corneas and in human corneal fibroblasts infected with adenovirus, and MyD88 inhibitory peptide reduced Src phosphorylation, linking MyD88 activation to inflammatory gene expression through a signaling cascade previously shown to be directed by Src. Our findings reveal a critical role for the PRRs TLR2 and 9, and their adaptor protein MyD88, in corneal inflammation upon adenovirus infection.
Topics: A549 Cells; Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Animals; Cornea; Female; Humans; Keratitis; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Toll-Like Receptor 9; Virus Internalization; src-Family Kinases
PubMed: 27528076
DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.73 -
Revue Scientifique Et Technique... Aug 2000Adenovirus infections are ubiquitous in commercially farmed birds, and probably in all avian species. There is a wide range of virulence, in some cases even within the... (Review)
Review
Adenovirus infections are ubiquitous in commercially farmed birds, and probably in all avian species. There is a wide range of virulence, in some cases even within the same serotype. While many infections are subclinical and appear to be of little economic or welfare importance, significant outbreaks of disease associated with adenovirus do occur. These diseases are not of public health significance.
Topics: Adenoviridae Infections; Animals; Aviadenovirus; Poultry; Poultry Diseases
PubMed: 10935281
DOI: No ID Found -
Nucleic Acids Research Mar 2012For more than half a century, researchers have studied the basic biology of Adenovirus (Ad), unraveling the subtle, yet profound, interactions between the virus and the... (Review)
Review
For more than half a century, researchers have studied the basic biology of Adenovirus (Ad), unraveling the subtle, yet profound, interactions between the virus and the host. These studies have uncovered previously unknown proteins and pathways crucial for normal cell function that the virus manipulates to achieve optimal virus replication and gene expression. In the infecting virion, the viral DNA is tightly condensed in a virally encoded protamine-like protein which must be remodeled within the first few hours of infection to allow for efficient expression of virus-encoded genes and subsequent viral DNA replication. This review discusses our current knowledge of Ad DNA-protein complex within the infected cell nucleus, the cellular proteins the virus utilizes to achieve chromatinization, and how this event contributes to efficient gene expression and progression of the virus life cycle.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Cell Nucleus; Chromatin; DNA, Viral; Histones; Humans; Viral Core Proteins
PubMed: 22116065
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr1076 -
PloS One 2018Viral infections cause large problems in the world and deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms is needed. Here we present an analytical strategy to investigate...
Viral infections cause large problems in the world and deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms is needed. Here we present an analytical strategy to investigate the host cell protein changes during human adenovirus type 2 (HAdV-C2 or Ad2) infection of lung fibroblasts by stable isotope labelling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and nanoLC-MS/MS. This work focuses on early phase of infection (6 and 12 h post-infection (hpi)) but the data is combined with previously published late phase (24 and 36 hpi) proteomics data to produce a time series covering the complete infection. As many as 2169 proteins were quantitatively monitored from 6 to 36 hpi, while some proteins were time-specific. After applying different filter criteria, 2027 and 2150 proteins were quantified at 6 and 12 hpi and among them, 431 and 544 were significantly altered at the two time points. Pathway analysis showed that the De novo purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, Glycolysis and Cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPase pathways were activated early during infection while inactivation of the Integrin signalling pathway started between 6 and 12 hpi. Moreover, upstream regulator analysis predicted MYC to be activated with time of infection and protein and RNA data for genes controlled by this transcription factor showed good correlation, which validated the use of protein data for this prediction. Among the identified phosphorylation sites, a group related to glycolysis and cytoskeletal reorganization were up-regulated during infection. The results show specific aspects on how the host cell proteins, the final products in the genetic information flow, are influenced by Ad2 infection, which would be overlooked if only knowledge derived from mRNA data is considered.
Topics: Adenoviridae Infections; Adenoviruses, Human; Amino Acids; Cell Line; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Kinetics; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Phosphopeptides; Proteome; Proteomics; RNA, Messenger; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 30252905
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204522 -
Virology Feb 2017The abundance and accessibility of a primary virus receptor are critical factors that impact the susceptibility of a host cell to virus infection. The Coxsackievirus and...
The abundance and accessibility of a primary virus receptor are critical factors that impact the susceptibility of a host cell to virus infection. The Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) has two transmembrane isoforms that occur due to alternative splicing and differ in localization and function in polarized epithelia. To determine the relevance of isoform-specific expression across cell types, the abundance and localization of both isoforms were determined in ten common cell lines, and correlated with susceptibility to adenovirus transduction relative to polarized primary human airway epithelia. Data show that the gene and protein expression for each isoform of CAR varies significantly between cell lines and polarization, as indicated by high transepithelial resistance, is inversely related to adenovirus transduction. In summary, the variability of polarity and isoform-specific expression among model cells are critical parameters that must be considered when evaluating the clinical relevance of potential adenovirus-mediated gene therapy and anti-adenovirus strategies.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Cell Line; Cell Polarity; Cells, Cultured; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Protein Isoforms; Receptors, Virus; Respiratory System; Transduction, Genetic
PubMed: 28049062
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.12.020