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Frontiers in Immunology 2023Cytotoxic T lymphocyte has been a concern for the etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA), some recent evidence suggests that the regulatory T (T) cell deficiency is... (Review)
Review
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte has been a concern for the etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA), some recent evidence suggests that the regulatory T (T) cell deficiency is also a contributing factor. In the lesional scalp of AA, T cells residing in the follicles are impaired, leading to dysregulated local immunity and hair follicle (HF) regeneration disorders. New strategies are emerging to modulate T cells' number and function for autoimmune diseases. There is much interest to boost T cells in AA patients to suppress the abnormal autoimmunity of HF and stimulate hair regeneration. With few satisfactory therapeutic regimens available for AA, T cell-based therapies could be the way forward. Specifically, CAR-T cells and novel formulations of low-dose IL-2 are the alternatives.
Topics: Humans; Alopecia Areata; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity
PubMed: 37205097
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111547 -
The Journal of Investigative... Dec 2013
Topics: Age of Onset; Alopecia Areata; DNA; Humans; Registries; Skin; Tissue Banks; United States
PubMed: 24326558
DOI: 10.1038/jidsymp.2013.20 -
Dermatologic Therapy Jun 2022The prevalence of hair loss has increased during COVID-19. In this study, we review the current literature on incidence and characteristics of various types of... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of hair loss has increased during COVID-19. In this study, we review the current literature on incidence and characteristics of various types of COVID-19-related and COVID-19-vaccine- related hair loss including telogen effluvium, alopecia areata, friction alopecia and anagen effluvium. Regarding most of them, the more severe the infection, the more profound and prolonged the course of alopecia. However, the most important issue is reassuring the patients of the non-serious nature of this complication, since psychological support is the most important factor in the earlier resolution of the condition.
Topics: Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; COVID-19; Humans; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccines
PubMed: 35266262
DOI: 10.1111/dth.15433 -
The Journal of Investigative... Nov 2015
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Female; Humans; Male; Phenotype; Registries; Tissue Banks; United States
PubMed: 26551949
DOI: 10.1038/jidsymp.2015.42 -
The Journal of Investigative... Dec 2013Alopecia areata is an autoimmune skin disease resulting in the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body. The disease most often occurs in childhood and...
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune skin disease resulting in the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body. The disease most often occurs in childhood and affects males and females of all ages. The National Alopecia Areata Foundation conducts research summits every 2 years to review progress and create new directions in its funded and promoted research. The Foundation brings together scientists from all disciplines to get a broad and varied perspective. These summits are part of the Foundation's main strategic initiative, the Alopecia Areata Treatment Development Program to accelerate progress toward a viable alopecia areata treatment.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Animals; Biomedical Research; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Male; Pharmacogenetics; Quality of Life
PubMed: 24326539
DOI: 10.1038/jidsymp.2013.1 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Mar 2022
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Humans
PubMed: 35331442
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2021.04.009 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Feb 2020
Topics: Adult; Alopecia Areata; Comorbidity; Female; Finland; Humans; Male
PubMed: 31996930
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3412 -
Advances in Therapy Jul 2017Recent genetic and preclinical studies have increased our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA). This has allowed expedited development of... (Review)
Review
Recent genetic and preclinical studies have increased our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA). This has allowed expedited development of targeted therapies for the treatment of AA, and a paradigm shift in our approach and understanding of autoimmunity and the hair follicle. The synergy between preclinical studies, animal models, and translational studies has led to unprecedented advances in the treatment options for AA, ultimately benefiting patients who have had little recourse. In this review, we summarize the scientific field of contemporary AA research, and look forward to potential new technologies and developments.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Animals; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Translational Research, Biomedical
PubMed: 28646392
DOI: 10.1007/s12325-017-0540-9 -
PloS One 2018Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss. The lack of a definitive biomarker or formal diagnostic criteria for AA limits our... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss. The lack of a definitive biomarker or formal diagnostic criteria for AA limits our ability to define the epidemiology of the disease. In this study, we developed and tested the Alopecia Areata Assessment Tool (ALTO) in an academic medical center to validate the ability of this questionnaire in identifying AA cases.
METHODS
The ALTO is a novel, self-administered questionnaire consisting of 8 closed-ended questions derived by the Delphi method. This prospective pilot study was administered during a 1-year period in outpatient dermatology clinics. Eligible patients (18 years or older with chief concern of hair loss) were recruited consecutively. No patients declined to participate. The patient's hair loss diagnosis was determined by a board-certified dermatologist. Nine scoring algorithms were created and used to evaluate the accuracy of the ALTO in identifying AA.
RESULTS
239 patients (59 AA cases and 180 non-AA cases) completed the ALTO and were included for analysis. Algorithm 5 demonstrated the highest sensitivity (89.8%) while algorithm 3 demonstrated the highest specificity (97.8%). Select questions were also effective in clarifying disease phenotype.
CONCLUSION
In this study. we have successfully demonstrated that ALTO is a simple tool capable of discriminating AA from other types of hair loss. The ALTO may be useful to identify individuals with AA within large populations.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alopecia Areata; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 29874239
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196517 -
Folia Medica Cracoviensia 2016Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common causes of non-scarring hair loss, which is associated with the premature induction of hair follicle regression. The... (Review)
Review
Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common causes of non-scarring hair loss, which is associated with the premature induction of hair follicle regression. The pathogenesis of AA is unknown, although it is believed that a complicated autoimmune mechanism with Th1 lymphocytes and proinfammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-2, may be involved. AA may occur as a single disease entity or coexist with other autoimmunological disorders. In some cases the relationship with infammatory bowel disease (IBD) was observed and the link between molecular pathways and main proinfammatory cytokines in IBD and AA has been suggested. AA is also described in literature as a side efect of biological therapy with the anti-TNF-α agents. To address the association between AA and IBD, in this review we discuss the most relevant clinical studies and case reports found in MEDLINE, Pubmed and EMBASE.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Autoimmunity; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cytokines; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
PubMed: 27513834
DOI: No ID Found