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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy May 2002
Review
Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Atovaquone; Babesia; Humans; Naphthoquinones; Plasmodium; Pneumocystis; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Protozoan Infections; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Toxoplasma
PubMed: 11959541
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1163-1173.2002 -
BioMed Research International 2022or Tongkat Ali (family: Simaroubaceae) has the potential to be utilised as an antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent that correlated with its traditional use to treat... (Review)
Review
or Tongkat Ali (family: Simaroubaceae) has the potential to be utilised as an antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent that correlated with its traditional use to treat jaundice, malaria, antiseptic agent, and many more. This review is aimed at systematically sieving through articles regarding the antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity of . A total of 123 studies have been found using suitable keywords and manually searched from previous studies through the four databases. After title screening and abstract examination, 56 articles were excluded due to duplication and not meeting the acceptance criteria. 67 articles were assessed on full-text accessibility, 31 studies remained, and this number decreased to 20 articles after a careful examination of the full-text articles. Among the 20 articles selected, 17 articles proved the potential of as an antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent efficiently. 2 selected articles showed partial positive results, which specified specific microorganisms tested. In contrast, another 1 article gave a completely negative result. As for the conclusion, current studies highlighted by this review may shed light on the future direction of studies concerning as a novel antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent. However, more research should be done in the future focusing on the efficiency of for veterinary medicine utilisation.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Eurycoma; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots
PubMed: 35845951
DOI: 10.1155/2022/4999797 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2022Parasitic diseases are still a huge problem for mankind. They are becoming the main cause of chronic diseases in the world. Migration of the population, pollution of the... (Review)
Review
Parasitic diseases are still a huge problem for mankind. They are becoming the main cause of chronic diseases in the world. Migration of the population, pollution of the natural environment, and climate changes cause the rapid spread of diseases. Additionally, a growing resistance of parasites to drugs is observed. Many research groups are looking for effective antiparasitic drugs with low side effects. In this work, we present the current trends in the search for antiparasitic drugs. We report known drugs used in other disease entities with proven antiparasitic activity and research on new chemical structures that may be potential drugs in parasitic diseases. The described investigations of antiparasitic compounds can be helpful for further drug development.
Topics: Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Parasites; Parasitic Diseases
PubMed: 35268635
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051534 -
Annual Review of Pharmacology and... 2014Owing to the absence of antiparasitic vaccines and the constant threat of drug resistance, the development of novel antiparasitic chemotherapies remains of major... (Review)
Review
Owing to the absence of antiparasitic vaccines and the constant threat of drug resistance, the development of novel antiparasitic chemotherapies remains of major importance for disease control. A better understanding of drug transport (uptake and efflux), drug metabolism and the identification of drug targets, and mechanisms of drug resistance would facilitate the development of more effective therapies. Here, we focus on malaria and African trypanosomiasis. We review existing drugs and drug development, emphasizing high-throughput genomic and genetic approaches, which hold great promise for elucidating antiparasitic mechanisms. We describe the approaches and technologies that have been influential for each parasite and develop new ideas for future research directions, including mode-of-action studies for drug target deconvolution.
Topics: Antiparasitic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Design; Drug Resistance; Genome, Protozoan; Genomics; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Malaria; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Phenotype; Trypanosomiasis
PubMed: 24050701
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011613-135915 -
Clinical Pharmacokinetics Jul 2020About one-sixth of the world's population is affected by a neglected tropical disease as defined by the World Health Organization and Center for Disease Control.... (Review)
Review
About one-sixth of the world's population is affected by a neglected tropical disease as defined by the World Health Organization and Center for Disease Control. Parasitic diseases comprise most of the neglected tropical disease list and they are causing enormous amounts of disability, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs worldwide. The burden of disease of the top five parasitic diseases has been estimated to amount to a total 23 million disability-adjusted life-years. Despite the massive health and economic impact, most drugs currently used for the treatment of parasitic diseases have been developed decades ago and insufficient novel drugs are being developed. The current review provides a compilation of the systemic and target-site pharmacokinetics of established antiparasitic drugs. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs allows for the examination and possibly optimization of existing dosing schemes. Many symptoms of parasitic diseases are caused by parasites residing in different host tissues. Penetration of the antiparasitic drug into these tissues, the target site of infection, is a prerequisite for a successful treatment of the disease. Therefore, for the examination and improvement of established dosing regimens, not only the plasma but also the tissue pharmacokinetics of the drug have to be considered. For the current paper, almost 7000 scientific articles were identified and screened from which 429 were reviewed in detail and 100 were included in this paper. Systemic pharmacokinetics are available for most antiparasitic drugs but in many cases, not for all the relevant patient populations and only for single- or multiple-dose administration. Systemic pharmacokinetic data in patients with organ impairment and target-site pharmacokinetic data for relevant tissues and body fluids are mostly lacking. To improve the treatment of patients with parasitic diseases, research in these areas is urgently needed.
Topics: Antiparasitic Agents; Humans; Neglected Diseases; Parasitic Diseases; Tropical Medicine
PubMed: 32100246
DOI: 10.1007/s40262-020-00871-5 -
Trends in Parasitology Jan 2021Antiparasitics acting on endo- or ectoparasites represent the second largest segment of the global animal health market, accounting for 23% of market share. However,... (Review)
Review
Antiparasitics acting on endo- or ectoparasites represent the second largest segment of the global animal health market, accounting for 23% of market share. However, relatively few novel antiparasitic agents have been introduced into the market during recent decades. One exception, and a groundbreaking 21st century success story, are the isoxazolines, whose full potential has not yet been entirely explored. Unfortunately, resistance issues are present across most parasitic diseases, which generates a clear market need for novel resistance-breaking antiparasitics with new modes/mechanisms of action. Recent advances in science and technologies strongly suggest that the time is right to invest in new modalities such as parasitic vaccines or in environmentally friendly interventions.
Topics: Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Drug Discovery; Drug Resistance; Isoxazoles; Parasitic Diseases, Animal
PubMed: 33039282
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.09.004 -
Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and Antiparasitic Activities of and Its Ingredients: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2022Infectious diseases have always been the number one enemy threatening health and well-being. With increasing numbers of infectious diseases, growing resistance of... (Review)
Review
Infectious diseases have always been the number one enemy threatening health and well-being. With increasing numbers of infectious diseases, growing resistance of pathogens, and declining roles of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases, it is becoming increasingly difficult to treat new infectious diseases, and there is an urgent need to develop new antibiotics to change the situation. Natural products tend to exhibit many special biological properties. The genus (Zygophyllaceae) has been used, for a long time, to treat cough, asthma, lumbago, hypertension, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Over the past two decades, a growing number of studies have shown that components from Linn and its derivatives can inhibit a variety of microorganisms by inducing the accumulation of ROS in microorganisms, damaging cell membranes, thickening cell walls, disturbing cytoplasm, and interfering with DNA synthesis. In this paper, we provide a review on the antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic activities of , with a view to contribute to research on utilizing for medicinal applicaitons and to provide a reference in the field of antimicrobial and a basis for the development of natural antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Peganum; Plant Extracts; Seeds
PubMed: 35807407
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134161 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... Mar 2022Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic agent that interferes with glutamate-gated chloride channels found in invertebrates but not in vertebrate species. Mass drug... (Review)
Review
Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic agent that interferes with glutamate-gated chloride channels found in invertebrates but not in vertebrate species. Mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin-based regimes has been a mainstay of elimination efforts targeting onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis for more than 3 decades. More recently, interest in the use of ivermectin to control other neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) such as soil-transmitted helminths and scabies has grown. Interest has been further stimulated by the fact that ivermectin displays endectocidal efficacy against various Anopheles species capable of transmitting malaria. Therefore there is growing interest in using ivermectin MDA as a tool that might aid in the control of both malaria and several NTDs. In this review we outline the evidence base to date on these emerging indications for ivermectin MDA with reference to clinical and public health data and discuss the rationale for evaluating the range of impacts of a malaria ivermectin MDA on other NTDs.
Topics: Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Humans; Ivermectin; Malaria; Neglected Diseases; Onchocerciasis; Scabies
PubMed: 34323283
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trab114 -
Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 2020COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 in China, and since then, has disrupted global public health and changed economic paradigms. In dealing with the new Coronavirus,... (Review)
Review
COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 in China, and since then, has disrupted global public health and changed economic paradigms. In dealing with the new Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the world has not faced such extreme global fragility since the "Spanish flu" pandemic in 1918. Researchers globally are dedicating efforts to the search for an effective treatment for COVID-19. Drugs already used in a clinical setting for other pathologies have been tested as a new therapeutic approach against SARS-CoV-2, setting off a frenzy over the preliminary data of different studies. This work aims to compile and discuss the data published thus far. Despite the potential effects of some antivirals and antiparasitic against COVID-19, clinical studies must confirm real effectiveness. However, non-pharmacological approaches have proven to be the most efficient strategy to date.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Macrolides; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors
PubMed: 32556054
DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200466 -
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Oct 2011Taenia solium neurocysticercosis (NCC) has been long recognized as an important cause of neurological morbidity in most of the world. Unwarranted generalization of... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Taenia solium neurocysticercosis (NCC) has been long recognized as an important cause of neurological morbidity in most of the world. Unwarranted generalization of diagnostic and treatment recommendations made it difficult to assess individual prognosis and responses for each type of NCC. Understanding of the main clinical presentations (dependent on number, location, size, and stage of parasites, as well as on the immune response of the host) allows a better view of treatment options and expected outcomes.
RECENT FINDINGS
Current treatment options are still limited and involve symptomatic agents, antiparasitic agents, or surgery. The importance of adequate symptomatic management, the potential for improved antiparasitic treatment regimes, in particular combination therapy, and the increasingly important role of minimally invasive neurosurgery are also reviewed in this article.
SUMMARY
Treatment decisions in NCC should be individualized in relation to the type of NCC. Initial measures should focus on the symptomatic management before considering antiparasitic therapy when appropriate. Appropriate patient categorization, new antiparasitic regimes, and minimally invasive surgery are improving the prognosis of patients with NCC.
Topics: Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Neurocysticercosis; Swine; Taenia solium
PubMed: 21788891
DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834a1b20