-
American Journal of Veterinary Research Mar 2009To establish reference intervals for cytologic and biochemical variables in peritoneal fluid, whole blood, and plasma in calves with congenital umbilical hernias (CUHs)...
OBJECTIVE
To establish reference intervals for cytologic and biochemical variables in peritoneal fluid, whole blood, and plasma in calves with congenital umbilical hernias (CUHs) before and after herniorrhaphy and to assess whether those variables in calves with CUHs were altered, compared with findings in clinically normal calves.
ANIMALS
20 Holstein calves with or without a CUH. Procedures-10 calves with CUHs underwent herniorrhaphy. Blood and peritoneal fluid samples from all 20 calves were collected for cytologic and biochemical analyses on days 0 (before surgery), 1, 3, 5, 7, and 15. Data from the 2 groups were compared.
RESULTS
Reference intervals for the variables of interest were established for each group. Before surgery, calves with CUHs had significantly greater plasma total protein concentration and creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase activities and peritoneal fluid specific gravity values, compared with values for calves without CUHs. At various time points after surgery, peritoneal fluid total protein concentration; fibrinogen concentration; nucleated cell, polymorphonuclear cell, and lymphocyte counts; specific gravity; and lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and CK activities in calves with CUHs were significantly different from values in calves without CUHs. Some plasma and blood variables (eg, total protein concentration, neutrophil count, and CK activity) were significantly different between the 2 groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Values of certain cytologic and biochemical variables in peritoneal fluid, blood, and plasma were different between calves with and without CUHs. Thus, determination of reference intervals for these variables is important for interpreting diagnostic test results in calves with CUHs.
Topics: Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Female; Hernia, Umbilical; Male; Surgical Procedures, Operative
PubMed: 19254158
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.70.3.423 -
The Journal of Clinical Investigation Apr 2024Cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are capable of modifying the tumor microenvironment and promoting tumor progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a lethal... (Observational Study)
Observational Study Clinical Trial
Cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are capable of modifying the tumor microenvironment and promoting tumor progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a lethal malignancy that preferentially spreads through the abdominal cavity. Thus, the secretion of such vesicles into the peritoneal fluid could be a determinant factor in the dissemination and behavior of this disease. We designed a prospective observational study to assess the impact of peritoneal fluid-derived sEVs (PFD-sEVs) in OvCa clinical outcome. For this purpose, 2 patient cohorts were enrolled: patients with OvCa who underwent a diagnostic or cytoreductive surgery and nononcological patients, who underwent abdominal surgery for benign gynecological conditions and acted as the control group. Systematic extraction of PFD-sEVs from surgical samples enabled us to observe significant quantitative and qualitative differences associated with cancer diagnosis, disease stage, and platinum chemosensitivity. Proteomic profiling of PFD-sEVs led to the identification of molecular pathways and proteins of interest and to the biological validation of S100A4 and STX5. In addition, unsupervised analysis of PFD-sEV proteomic profiles in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs) revealed 2 clusters with different outcomes in terms of overall survival. In conclusion, comprehensive characterization of PFD-sEV content provided a prognostic value with potential implications in HGSOC clinical management.
Topics: Humans; Female; Ovarian Neoplasms; Extracellular Vesicles; Ascitic Fluid; Middle Aged; Proteomics; Aged; Prospective Studies; Neoplasm Proteins; Adult
PubMed: 38564289
DOI: 10.1172/JCI176161 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2020Endometriosis is a gynecological condition that is associated with chronic pelvic inflammation, pain, and infertility. Although substantial evidence supports that...
Endometriosis is a gynecological condition that is associated with chronic pelvic inflammation, pain, and infertility. Although substantial evidence supports that immunological alterations contribute to its pathogenesis and we previously posed a pivotal role of Galectin-9 (Gal-9) in this disorder, the involvement of the TIM-3/Gal-9 pathway in the development of endometriosis-associated immunological abnormalities is not yet known. In the present study, multicolor flow cytometry was used to compare the immunophenotype and cell surface expression of TIM-3 and Gal-9 molecules on peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) lymphocytes of women with and without endometriosis. We found an altered distribution of different lymphocyte subpopulations, a markedly decreased TIM-3 labeling on all T and NK subsets and a significantly increased Gal-9 positivity on peripheral CD4+ T and Treg cells of the affected cohort. Furthermore, a significantly increased TIM-3 expression on CD4+T-cells and elevated Gal-9 labeling on all T and NK subsets was also revealed in the PF of the examined patients. In conclusion, our results suggest a persistent activation and disturbed TIM-3/Gal-9-dependent regulatory function in endometriosis, which may be involved in the impaired immune surveillance mechanisms, promotes the survival of ectopic lesions, and aids the evolution of reproductive failures in endometriosis.
Topics: Adult; Ascitic Fluid; Endometriosis; Female; Flow Cytometry; Galectins; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Lymphocytes; Young Adult
PubMed: 32231038
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072343 -
Sao Paulo Medical Journal = Revista... 2011Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a complication of ascites, especially in cirrhosis. Ascitic fluid with 250 or more neutrophils/mm³ is an acceptable criterion...
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a complication of ascites, especially in cirrhosis. Ascitic fluid with 250 or more neutrophils/mm³ is an acceptable criterion for diagnosis, even when bacterial fluid cultures are negative. The aims here were to estimate SBP frequency among emergency room patients based on cellular criteria and evaluate the biochemical profile of these fluids.
DESIGN AND SETTING
Retrospective study at a public tertiary hospital.
METHODS
Laboratory records of patients with ascites attended in emergency rooms between November 2001 and November 2006, from whom ascitic fluid samples were sent to the laboratory due to suspected SBP, were evaluated. The 691 samples included were divided into group A (presumed SBP: ≥ 250 neutrophils/mm³; n = 219; 31.7%) and group B (no presumed SBP: < 250 neutrophils/mm³; n = 472; 68.3%). Patients' sex and age; ascitic fluid characteristics (numbers of neutrophils, leukocytes and nucleated cells); bacteriological characteristics; and protein, lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase and glucose concentrations were evaluated.
RESULTS
Among group A cultured samples, 63 (33.8%) had positive bacterial cultures with growth of pathogens commonly associated with SBP. In total, the group A samples showed higher lactate dehydrogenase levels than seen in the group B samples. The latter presented predominance of lymphocytes and macrophages.
CONCLUSION
Among the ascitic fluid samples with clinically suspected SBP, 31.7% fulfilled the cellular diagnostic criteria. Positive bacterial isolation was found in 33.8% of the cultured samples from the presumed SBP group.
Topics: Adenosine Deaminase; Aged; Ascitic Fluid; Bacterial Infections; Emergencies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Peritonitis; Predictive Value of Tests; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Statistics, Nonparametric
PubMed: 22069130
DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802011000500006 -
BMC Cancer Oct 2021Pancreatic cancer has highly aggressive features, such as local recurrence that leads to significantly high morbidity and mortality and recurrence after successful...
BACKGROUND
Pancreatic cancer has highly aggressive features, such as local recurrence that leads to significantly high morbidity and mortality and recurrence after successful tumour resection. Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), which delivers targeted radiation to a tumour bed, is known to reduce local recurrence by directly killing tumour cells and modifying the tumour microenvironment.
METHODS
Among 30 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, 17 patients received IORT immediately after surgical resection. We investigated changes in the immune response induced by IORT by analysing the peritoneal fluid (PF) and blood of patients with and without IORT treatment after pancreatic cancer surgery. Further, we treated three pancreatic cell lines with PF to observe proliferation and activity changes.
RESULTS
Levels of cytokines involved in the PI3K/SMAD pathway were increased in the PF of IORT-treated patients. Moreover, IORT-treated PF inhibited the growth, migration, and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. Changes in lymphocyte populations in the blood of IORT-treated patients indicated an increased immune response.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the characterisation and quantification of immune cells in the blood and cytokine levels in the PF, we conclude that IORT induced an anti-tumour effect by activating the immune response, which may prevent pancreatic cancer recurrence.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT03273374 .
Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cytokines; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Intraoperative Care; Lymphocytes; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Prospective Studies; Smad Proteins; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 34641806
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08807-3 -
Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique Mar 1998
Review
Topics: Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Ascitic Fluid; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Quinolones; Risk Factors
PubMed: 9762215
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Pathology 1975Electrophoreses of sera, plasma and ascitic fluids of cats with natural or experimental infectious peritonitis show important modifications. Special stainings of...
Electrophoreses of sera, plasma and ascitic fluids of cats with natural or experimental infectious peritonitis show important modifications. Special stainings of electrophoreses and chromatographic and immunoelectrophoretic technics characterized some of the modified proteins. In the experimental disease, fibrinogen, haptoglobin, transferrin, and probably orosomucoid are increased; in the natural disease, in addition to these modifications, the gamma-globulins are strongly increased; the immunoglobulins found in the often abundant ascitic fluid belong to the IgG class. Increased proteins such as fibrinogen, haptoglobin and orosomucoid and decreased albumin are aspecific aspects of inflammatory processes, whereas hypergammaglobulinemia appears in the course of immunological response. The rapid evolution of the experimental disease explains the fact that immunoglobulins do not increase.
Topics: Alpha-Globulins; Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Beta-Globulins; Blood Proteins; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Haptoglobins; Hemoglobins; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Peritonitis; Proteins; Virus Diseases; gamma-Globulins
PubMed: 59451
DOI: 10.1177/0300985875012005-00601 -
Acta Medica Indonesiana 2004
Topics: Adult; Ascitic Fluid; Female; Humans; Pericardiectomy; Pericarditis, Constrictive; Physical Examination
PubMed: 15673936
DOI: No ID Found -
Cytometry. Part B, Clinical Cytometry Nov 2016Cell counts in bodyfluids such as ascitic fluid can be difficult to perform and report rapidly. The current gold standard for cell counting in body fluids is a suitable...
BACKGROUND
Cell counts in bodyfluids such as ascitic fluid can be difficult to perform and report rapidly. The current gold standard for cell counting in body fluids is a suitable automated cell counter or a manual counting chamber, combined with differential counting on a cytospin. This technique has several disadvantages, so we designed a new flow cytometric test for cell counting in ascites. We compared this with an automatic cell counter (LH750, Beckman Coulter) and manual counting of cytospins.
METHODS
Ascitic samples (n = 53) from 38 patients were studied. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), lymphocytes, eosinophils, and macrophages were defined by flow cytometry. We compared this with our reference method: the absolute cell concentration calculated from the leukocyte concentration of the LH750 combined with a differential cell count performed manually on a cytospin.
RESULTS
The outcomes of validation experiments (linearity, reproducibility, and detection limit) of the flow cytometric assay prove it is well suited for cell counting in ascitic fluid.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on analytical performance, flow cytometry is suited for cell counting in ascitic fluid. An ascitic fluid cell count is frequently ordered to detect spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). If the PMN count is ≥250 cells/mm , SBP is highly suspected. Using our reference method, we calculated the sensitivities and specificities to detect ≥250 PMN cells/mm for the LH750 (100% and 65%, respectively) and flow cytometric assay (100%, 100%). As flow cytometry is easier and faster we recommend this method for rapid cell counting in ascitic fluid. © 2014 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Bacterial Infections; Eosinophils; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Neutrophils; Peritonitis; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 24659094
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21171 -
Annals of Surgery Mar 1987In 1942, 53% of medically treated patients with cirrhosis were dead 6 months after the onset of ascites. Only 30% survived 1 year. This dismal outlook has improved only...
In 1942, 53% of medically treated patients with cirrhosis were dead 6 months after the onset of ascites. Only 30% survived 1 year. This dismal outlook has improved only slightly with advances in medicine. Yet, some internists reject the peritoneovenous shunt (PVS) for this fatal condition even if they are aware that a diminished blood volume causes the abnormal sodium retention responsible for ascites. Their objections are based on life-threatening complications of PVS, especially post shunt coagulopathy (PSC). Blood shed into the peritoneal cavity becomes incoagulable. Such blood is immediately coagulated by a protocoagulant (soluble collagen) and concurrently lysed by tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) secreted by the peritoneal serosa. Wide zones of lysis surround peritoneal tissue placed on fibrin plates. Large volumes of ascitic fluid infused into circulating blood simulates the fate of blood shed into the peritoneal cavity with lysis playing the major role. Addition of ascitic fluid to normal platelet-rich plasma in vitro initiates clot lysis on thromboelastogram (TEG). Epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) counteracts this lysis. EACA and clotting factors normalize the TEG and arrest PSC. Disposal of ascitic fluid at surgery prevents or ameliorates PSC. Mild PSC was encountered only twice in 150+ consecutive patients (1.3%) with only one case being clinically significant (0.6%). Severe PSC occurred seven times in 98 early shunt patients whose ascitic fluid was not discarded. Severe PSC requires shunt interruption and control of bleeding with clotting factors and EACA. Peritoneal lavage with saline prevents the recurrence of PSC on reopening the shunt. In four patients, EACA and clotting factors were adequate to arrest coagulopathy. Three earlier patients died of PSC before its cause and treatment were understood. Proper management eliminates this life-threatening complication, and PSC cannot be considered a deterrent to PVS. Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) is produced in experimental animals only by the injection of thrombin or thromboplastin. PSC is a distinct entity differing from DIC; EACA and not heparin is the antidote for PSC.
Topics: Aminocaproic Acid; Ascitic Fluid; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Blood Coagulation Factors; Humans; Peritoneovenous Shunt; Plasminogen; Postoperative Complications; Therapeutic Irrigation; Thrombelastography; Tissue Plasminogen Activator
PubMed: 3103556
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-198703000-00015