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Toxins Oct 2019Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia in the general population. There is a close association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and AF. In recent... (Review)
Review
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia in the general population. There is a close association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and AF. In recent years, attention has been focused on the relationship between AF and uremic toxins, including indoxyl sulfate (IS). Several animal studies have shown that IS promotes the development and progression of AF. IS has been shown to cause fibrosis and inflammation in the myocardium and exacerbate AF by causing oxidative stress and reducing antioxidative defense. Administration of AST-120, an absorbent of uremic toxins, decreases uremic toxin-induced AF in rodents. We have recently reported that patients with a higher serum IS level exhibit a higher rate of AF recurrence after catheter ablation, with serum IS being a significant predictor of AF recurrence. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms behind the AF-promoting effects of uremic toxins and summarize the reported clinical studies of uremic toxin-induced AF.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Carbon; Humans; Indican; Oxides; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Toxins, Biological; Uremia
PubMed: 31614923
DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100597 -
Swiss Medical Weekly 2017Atrial fibrillation may be clearly symptomatic and is easily amenable to state-of-the-art treatment, most importantly oral anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of... (Review)
Review
Atrial fibrillation may be clearly symptomatic and is easily amenable to state-of-the-art treatment, most importantly oral anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of thromboembolism. However, atrial fibrillation may also go unnoticed for long periods in many patients. This silent or subclinical atrial fibrillation is nevertheless associated with thromboembolic risk just like clinically evident atrial fibrillation. Early detection of atrial fibrillation in patients at increased thromboembolic risk and consequent oral anticoagulation therapy may have a significant impact on public health. This review focuses on screening recommendations for atrial fibrillation and on the impact of silent atrial fibrillation in various clinical scenarios.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Atrial Fibrillation; Delayed Diagnosis; Humans; Public Health; Risk Factors; Thromboembolism
PubMed: 28695554
DOI: 10.4414/smw.2017.14447 -
JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Atrial Fibrillation; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36480991
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2022.09.047 -
American Family Physician Sep 2016
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Humans
PubMed: 27637131
DOI: No ID Found -
European Review For Medical and... Nov 2016Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are major health issues and often co-exist. HF and AF also share common mechanisms, as well as therapies and treatment... (Review)
Review
Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are major health issues and often co-exist. HF and AF also share common mechanisms, as well as therapies and treatment strategies. The relationship between AF and HF has not been clarified and, therefore, remains an area of research interest. The choice of optimal treatment is a challenge for AF and HF. Control of rate or rhythm is the most important decision for physicians. New tactics for budgeting and centralized monitoring may have an exciting effect on stroke occurrence. Because it is predicted that AF or HF would markedly increase in the next two decades worldwide, a significant burden on the health care systems in multiple countries will occur. It remains imperative that further research about the epidemiology, mechanism, detection, and treatment of AF and HF is urgently promoted. In this paper, we review the recent progress on the relationship between HF and AF.
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Heart Failure; Humans; Prognosis
PubMed: 27874936
DOI: No ID Found -
The association between lipoprotein(a) and atrial fibrillation: A systemic review and meta-analysis.Clinical Cardiology Aug 2023Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a particle consisting of a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like core connected to an apolipoprotein(a) chain, which is an established risk factor... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a particle consisting of a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like core connected to an apolipoprotein(a) chain, which is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, studies addressing the relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and Lp(a) demonstrated conflicted results. Thus, we sought to evaluate this relationship by conducting this systemic review and meta-analysis. We performed a comprehensive systematic search of health science databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect, to identify all relevant literature from their inception to March 1, 2023. We identified nine related articles, which were eventually included in this study. Our study showed no association between Lp(a) with new-onset AF (HR = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57-3.67, p = .432). In addition, genetically elevated Lp(a) was not associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.00, p = .461). Different stratification of Lp(a) levels may have different outcomes. Also, higher Lp(a) levels may be inversely associated with the risk of developing AF compared to those with lower levels. Lp(a) levels were not associated with incident AF. Further research is needed to identify the mechanism underlying these results and better understand Lp(a) stratification for AF and the possible inverse association between Lp(a) and AF.
Topics: Humans; Atrial Fibrillation; Lipoprotein(a); Risk Factors
PubMed: 37436817
DOI: 10.1002/clc.24086 -
Hellenic Journal of Cardiology : HJC =... 2016
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Atrial Fibrillation; Disease Management; Europe; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 27445033
DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2016.05.001 -
Journal of the American College of... Feb 2019Numerous vascular risk factors and vascular diseases contribute to cognitive impairment and dementia. Many studies and registries show an association of atrial... (Review)
Review
Numerous vascular risk factors and vascular diseases contribute to cognitive impairment and dementia. Many studies and registries show an association of atrial fibrillation (AF) with cognitive impairment, cognitive decline, and dementia. This is true for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The assumed multifactorial mechanisms include ischemic stroke, both apparent and silent, cerebral microinfarcts, cerebral hemorrhage, and reduced cerebral blood flow. A number of retrospective observational and prospective studies support that anticoagulation in patients with AF may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. This holds for both vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin) and direct oral anticoagulants. However, it still remains unproven if anticoagulation reduces cognitive decline and dementia in AF patients based on randomized trials.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Atrial Fibrillation; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans
PubMed: 30732716
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.077 -
Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine Dec 2021Most of the published literature on Atrial fibrillation (AF) originates from the northern hemisphere and mainly involves Caucasian patients, with limited studies in... (Review)
Review
Most of the published literature on Atrial fibrillation (AF) originates from the northern hemisphere and mainly involves Caucasian patients, with limited studies in certain ethnicities and races. This scoping review was conducted to collect and summarize the pertinent evidence from the published scientific literature on AF in South Asians and Middle Eastern Arabs. MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL databases were included in our search. After screening 8995 records, 55 studies were selected; 42 from the Middle East and 13 from South Asia. Characteristics of the included studies were tabulated, and their data were summarized for study design, setting, enrolment period, sample size, demographics, prevalence or incidence of AF, co-morbidities, risk factors, AF types and symptoms, management, outcomes, and risk determinants. Identified literature gaps included a paucity of community or population-based studies that are representative of these two ethnicities/races. In addition, studies that addressed ethnic/racial in-equality and access to treatment were lacking. Our study underscores the urgent need to study cardiovascular disorders, particularly AF, in South Asians and Middle Eastern Arabs as well as in other less represented ethnicities and races.
Topics: Arabs; Asian People; Atrial Fibrillation; Humans; Incidence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 34957762
DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2204127 -
Journal of Atherosclerosis and... Mar 2021
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Humans
PubMed: 32684558
DOI: 10.5551/jat.ED137