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Circulation May 2019Cardiovascular disease is a competing cause of death in patients with cancer with early-stage disease. This elevated cardiovascular disease risk is thought to derive...
Cardiovascular disease is a competing cause of death in patients with cancer with early-stage disease. This elevated cardiovascular disease risk is thought to derive from both the direct effects of cancer therapies and the accumulation of risk factors such as hypertension, weight gain, cigarette smoking, and loss of cardiorespiratory fitness. Effective and viable strategies are needed to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk in this population; a multimodal model such as cardiac rehabilitation may be a potential solution. This statement from the American Heart Association provides an overview of the existing knowledge and rationale for the use of cardiac rehabilitation to provide structured exercise and ancillary services to cancer patients and survivors. This document introduces the concept of cardio-oncology rehabilitation, which includes identification of patients with cancer at high risk for cardiac dysfunction and a description of the cardiac rehabilitation infrastructure needed to address the unique exposures and complications related to cancer care. In this statement, we also discuss the need for future research to fully implement a multimodal model of cardiac rehabilitation for patients with cancer and to determine whether reimbursement of these services is clinically warranted.
Topics: American Heart Association; Cancer Survivors; Cardiac Rehabilitation; Cardiology; Cardiotoxicity; Cardiovascular Diseases; Consensus; Female; Humans; Male; Medical Oncology; Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; United States
PubMed: 30955352
DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000679 -
Hellenic Journal of Cardiology : HJC =... 2020Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the predominant cause of human morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Currently, microRNAs have been investigated in many... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the predominant cause of human morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Currently, microRNAs have been investigated in many diseases as well-promising biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring. Plenty studies have been designed so as to elucidate the properties of microRNAs in the classification and risk stratification of patients with CVD and also to evaluate their potentials in individualized management and guide treatment decisions. Therefore, in this review article, we aimed to present the most recent data concerning the role of microRNAs as potential novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease.
Topics: Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; MicroRNAs; Prognosis
PubMed: 32305497
DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2020.03.003 -
Journal of the American College of... Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Cardiovascular Diseases; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 36456046
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.10.005 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2017Free radicals, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), hydrogen sulphide, and hydrogen peroxide play an important role in both intracellular and intercellular... (Review)
Review
Free radicals, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), hydrogen sulphide, and hydrogen peroxide play an important role in both intracellular and intercellular signaling; however, their production and quenching need to be closely regulated to prevent cellular damage. An imbalance, due to exogenous sources of free radicals and chronic upregulation of endogenous production, contributes to many pathological conditions including cardiovascular disease and also more general processes involved in aging. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2; commonly known as Nrf2) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in the dynamic regulation of a network of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes, through binding to and activating expression of promoters containing the antioxidant response element (ARE). Nrf2 activity is regulated by many mechanisms, suggesting that tight control is necessary for normal cell function and both hypoactivation and hyperactivation of Nrf2 are indicated in playing a role in different aspects of cardiovascular disease. Targeted activation of Nrf2 or downstream genes may prove to be a useful avenue in developing therapeutics to reduce the impact of cardiovascular disease. We will review the current status of Nrf2 and related signaling in cardiovascular disease and its relevance to current and potential treatment strategies.
Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; NF-E2-Related Factor 2
PubMed: 29104732
DOI: 10.1155/2017/9237263 -
Journal of Molecular and Cellular... May 2021The study of epigenomics has advanced in recent years to span the regulation of a single genetic locus to the structure and orientation of entire chromosomes within the... (Review)
Review
The study of epigenomics has advanced in recent years to span the regulation of a single genetic locus to the structure and orientation of entire chromosomes within the nucleus. In this review, we focus on the challenges and opportunities of clinical epigenomics in cardiovascular disease. As an integrator of genetic and environmental inputs, and because of advances in measurement techniques that are highly reproducible and provide sequence information, the epigenome is a rich source of potential biosignatures of cardiovascular health and disease. Most of the studies to date have focused on the latter, and herein we discuss observations on epigenomic changes in human cardiovascular disease, examining the role of protein modifiers of chromatin, noncoding RNAs and DNA modification. We provide an overview of cardiovascular epigenomics, discussing the challenges of data sovereignty, data analysis, doctor-patient ethics and innovations necessary to implement precision health.
Topics: Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; DNA Methylation; Disease Management; Disease Susceptibility; Epigenesis, Genetic; Epigenomics; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 33561434
DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.01.011 -
Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and... Feb 2021
Topics: Black or African American; Cardiovascular Diseases; Female; Humans; Maternal Health
PubMed: 33563006
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.007742 -
Journal of the American Heart... May 2018
Topics: Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Pregnancy; Primary Prevention; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors
PubMed: 29755038
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.118.009648 -
Internal and Emergency Medicine Apr 2016Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, heart failure and kidney disease, has been common in sub-Saharan Africa for many years, and rapid urbanization is causing an... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, heart failure and kidney disease, has been common in sub-Saharan Africa for many years, and rapid urbanization is causing an upsurge of ischaemic heart disease and metabolic disorders. At least two-thirds of cardiovascular deaths now occur in low- and middle-income countries, bringing a double burden of disease to poor and developing world economies. High blood pressure (or hypertension) is by far the commonest underlying risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Its prevention, detection, treatment and control in sub-Saharan Africa are haphazard and suboptimal. This is due to a combination of lack of resources and health-care systems, non-existent effective preventive strategies at a population level, lack of sustainable drug therapy, and barriers to complete compliance with prescribed medications. The economic impact for loss of productive years of life and the need to divert scarce resources to tertiary care are substantial.
Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; Cardiovascular Diseases; Delivery of Health Care; Developing Countries; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; Health Care Costs; Health Education; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Hypertension; Incidence; Male; Risk Assessment; Socioeconomic Factors; Survival Rate
PubMed: 27001886
DOI: 10.1007/s11739-016-1423-9 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Jul 2014Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are two diseases that are common in the general population. To date, many studies have been... (Review)
Review
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are two diseases that are common in the general population. To date, many studies have been conducted and demonstrate a direct link between NAFLD and CVD, but the exact mechanisms for this complex relationship are not well established. A systematic search of the PubMed database revealed that several common mechanisms are involved in many of the local and systemic manifestations of NAFLD and lead to an increased cardiovascular risk. The possible mechanisms linking NAFLD and CVD include inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, ectopic adipose tissue distribution, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and adiponectin, among others. The clinical implication is that patients with NAFLD are at an increased risk of CVD and should undergo periodic cardiovascular risk assessment.
Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Comorbidity; Disease Progression; Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Prevalence; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors
PubMed: 25024598
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i26.8407 -
Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology,... Jun 2021After cardiovascular injury, numerous pathological processes adversely impact the homeostatic function of cardiomyocyte, macrophage, fibroblast, endothelial cell, and... (Review)
Review
After cardiovascular injury, numerous pathological processes adversely impact the homeostatic function of cardiomyocyte, macrophage, fibroblast, endothelial cell, and vascular smooth muscle cell populations. Subsequent malfunctioning of these cells may further contribute to cardiovascular disease onset and progression. By modulating cellular responses after injury, it is possible to create local environments that promote wound healing and tissue repair mechanisms. The extracellular matrix continuously provides these mechanosensitive cell types with physical cues spanning the micro- and nanoscale to influence behaviors such as adhesion, morphology, and phenotype. It is therefore becoming increasingly compelling to harness these cell-substrate interactions to elicit more native cell behaviors that impede cardiovascular disease progression and enhance regenerative potential. This review discusses recent in vitro and preclinical work that have demonstrated the therapeutic implications of micro- and nanoscale biophysical cues on cell types adversely affected in cardiovascular diseases - cardiomyocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Disease Progression; Extracellular Matrix; Humans; Nanomedicine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 33571682
DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102365