-
Biomedical Research (Tokyo, Japan) Oct 2007Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) proliferate vigorously as neurospheres in medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), but start differentiating into...
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) proliferate vigorously as neurospheres in medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), but start differentiating into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes in FGF-2-free medium. An extract of royal jelly (RJ) significantly increased the percentage in the total cell population of not only neurons immunoreactive for class III beta-tubulin (Tuj1) but also astrocytes immunoreactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and oligodendrocytes immunoreactive for 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) generated from NSCs, but decreased that of nestin-positive NSCs. These results highlight a novel and outstanding property of the RJ, i.e., that it facilitates the differentiation of all types of brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes). On the other hand, 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (HDEA), an unsaturated fatty acid characteristic of RJ, increased the generation of neurons and decreased that of astrocytes from NSCs. These observations suggest that RJ contains plural components that differently influence neuronal and/or glial lineages and that HDEA is one of such components of RJ that facilitates neurogenesis by NSCs.
Topics: Animals; Bees; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Larva; Nervous System; Neurons; Rats; Signal Transduction; Stem Cells
PubMed: 18000339
DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.28.261 -
Life Sciences Jul 2010In the present work we investigated the in vitro effect of cis-4-decenoic acid, the pathognomonic metabolite of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, on...
AIMS
In the present work we investigated the in vitro effect of cis-4-decenoic acid, the pathognomonic metabolite of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, on various parameters of bioenergetic homeostasis in rat brain mitochondria.
MAIN METHODS
Respiratory parameters determined by oxygen consumption were evaluated, as well as membrane potential, NAD(P)H content, swelling and cytochrome c release in mitochondrial preparations from rat brain, using glutamate plus malate or succinate as substrates. The activities of citric acid cycle enzymes were also assessed.
KEY FINDINGS
cis-4-decenoic acid markedly increased state 4 respiration, whereas state 3 respiration and the respiratory control ratio were decreased. The ADP/O ratio, the mitochondrial membrane potential, the matrix NAD(P)H levels and aconitase activity were also diminished by cis-4-decenoic acid. These data indicate that this fatty acid acts as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation and as a metabolic inhibitor. cis-4-decenoic acid also provoked a marked mitochondrial swelling when either KCl or sucrose was used in the incubation medium and also induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria, suggesting a non-selective permeabilization of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
SIGNIFICANCE
It is therefore presumed that impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis provoked by cis-4-decenoic acid may be involved in the brain dysfunction observed in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficient patients.
Topics: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Animals; Brain; Cytochromes c; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Homeostasis; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Membranes; NADP; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 20540954
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.05.019 -
PloS One 2018Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the hydrolysis of Ɛ-acetyl-lysine residues of histones. Removal of acetyl groups results in condensation of chromatin structure...
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the hydrolysis of Ɛ-acetyl-lysine residues of histones. Removal of acetyl groups results in condensation of chromatin structure and repression of gene expression. Human class I, II, and IV HDACs are said to be zinc-dependent in that they require divalent zinc ions to catalyze the deacetylase reaction. HDACs are considered potential targets for the treatment of cancer due to their role in regulating transcription. They are also thought to play important roles in the development of organisms such as honey bees. The fatty acid, 10-hydroxy-2E-decenoic acid (10-HDA), which can account for up to 5% of royal jelly composition has been reported as an HDAC inhibitor. The crystal structure of the HDAC3:SMRT complex possesses two monovalent cations (MVCs) labeled as potassium with one MVC binding site near the active site Zn(II) and the second MVC binding site ≥20 Å from the active site Zn(II). We report here the inhibitory effects of excess Zn(II) on the catalytic activity of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) bound to the deacetylase activating domain of nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2). We also report the effects of varying concentrations of potassium ions where [K+] up to 10 mM increase HDAC3 activity with a maximum kcat/KM of approximately 80,000 M-1s-1 while [K+] above 10 mM inhibit HDAC3 activity. The inhibition constant (Ki) of 10-HDA was determined to be 5.32 mM. The regulatory effects of zinc, potassium, and 10-HDA concentration on HDAC3 activity suggest a strong correlation between these chemical species and epigenetic control over Apis mellifera caste differentiation among other control mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Bees; Cations, Divalent; Cations, Monovalent; Epigenesis, Genetic; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Female; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Histone Deacetylases; Insect Proteins; Potassium; Zinc
PubMed: 30532259
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204538 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Mar 2024Adherence of complex bacterial biofilm communities to burned tissue creates a challenge for treatment, with infection causing 51% of burn victim deaths. This study...
BACKGROUND
Adherence of complex bacterial biofilm communities to burned tissue creates a challenge for treatment, with infection causing 51% of burn victim deaths. This study evaluated the release of therapeutics from wound care biomaterials and their antimicrobial activity against pathogens , , and .
METHODS
Electrospun chitosan membranes (ESCMs) were fabricated and acylated with chain lengths ranging from 6-10 carbons then loaded with 0.15 mg of anti-biofilm agent, cis-2-decenoic acid (C2DA), and 0.5 mg of local anesthetic, bupivacaine.
RESULTS
Combinations of therapeutics released from modified ESCMs at a cumulative amount of 45-70% of bupivacaine and less than 20% of C2DA. Results from bacterial studies suggest that this combination reduced biofilm 10-fold for , 2-fold for , and 2-3-fold for by 24 hours. Additionally, dual loaded groups reduced planktonic ~4-fold by 24 hours as well as ~3-fold by 48 hours.
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of therapeutics used has a significant role in biofilm prevention for selected strains via direct contact or diffusion in aqueous solutions.
Topics: Humans; Staphylococcus aureus; Chitosan; Bupivacaine; Staphylococcal Infections; Pseudomonas Infections; Biofilms; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
PubMed: 38538267
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2903108 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 2014Persister cells, which are tolerant to antimicrobials, contribute to biofilm recalcitrance to therapeutic agents. In turn, the ability to kill persister cells is...
Persister cells, which are tolerant to antimicrobials, contribute to biofilm recalcitrance to therapeutic agents. In turn, the ability to kill persister cells is believed to significantly improve efforts in eradicating biofilm-related, chronic infections. While much research has focused on elucidating the mechanism(s) by which persister cells form, little is known about the mechanism or factors that enable persister cells to revert to an active and susceptible state. Here, we demonstrate that cis-2-decenoic acid (cis-DA), a fatty acid signaling molecule, is able to change the status of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli persister cells from a dormant to a metabolically active state without an increase in cell number. This cell awakening is supported by an increase of the persister cells' respiratory activity together with changes in protein abundance and increases of the transcript expression levels of several metabolic markers, including acpP, 16S rRNA, atpH, and ppx. Given that most antimicrobials target actively growing cells, we also explored the effect of cis-DA on enhancing antibiotic efficacy in killing persister cells due to their inability to keep a persister cell state. Compared to antimicrobial treatment alone, combinational treatments of persister cell subpopulations with antimicrobials and cis-DA resulted in a significantly greater decrease in cell viability. In addition, the presence of cis-DA led to a decrease in the number of persister cells isolated. We thus demonstrate the ability of a fatty acid signaling molecule to revert bacterial cells from a tolerant phenotype to a metabolically active, antimicrobial-sensitive state.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Isomerism; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 25192989
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01576-14 -
Journal of Food Protection Aug 2003In mushrooms, 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid (ODA) and 1-octen-3-ol are secondary metabolites produced naturally by the enzymatic breakdown of linoleic acid. Both...
In mushrooms, 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid (ODA) and 1-octen-3-ol are secondary metabolites produced naturally by the enzymatic breakdown of linoleic acid. Both compounds were determined to inhibit the mycelial growth of Penicillium expansum PP497A, a common food spoilage organism, when added to potato dextrose agar medium. ODA and 1-octen-3-ol were inhibitory at concentrations of > 1.25 mM (230 microg/g for ODA and 160 microg/g for 1-octen-3-ol). At pH 5.6, 1-octen-3-ol was more inhibitory than ODA. However, at pH 3.5, both compounds (especially ODA) were more inhibitory than they were at pH 5.6. This finding indicates that the undissociated carboxyl of ODA was important for inhibition. At a concentration of 2.5 mM and a pH of 3.5, ODA and 1-octen-3-ol inhibited growth by 43.1 and 41.9%, respectively. An additive effect was observed when both compounds were added at a combined concentration of > or = 1.25 mM; when both were added at a combined concentration of 2.5 mM, mycelial growth was inhibited by 48.8 and 72.8% at pHs of 5.6 and 3.5, respectively. Although the antifungal activity levels for these two compounds were lower than those observed for equal molar concentrations of sorbate, a common antifungal compound, these findings indicate that further investigation of the potential of ODA and 1-octen-3-ol for use as natural food preservatives is warranted.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Basidiomycota; Colony Count, Microbial; Culture Media; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Food Preservation; Glucose; Linoleic Acids; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Octanols; Penicillium; Solanum tuberosum
PubMed: 12929847
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-66.8.1503 -
PloS One 2020In this study, we were challenging to identify characteristic compounds in breast cancer cell lines. GC analysis of extracts from the culture media of breast cancer cell...
In this study, we were challenging to identify characteristic compounds in breast cancer cell lines. GC analysis of extracts from the culture media of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, SK-BR-3, and YMB-1) using a solid-phase Porapak Q extraction revealed that two compounds of moderate volatility, 1-hexadecanol and 5-(Z)-dodecenoic acid, were detected with markedly higher amount than those in the medium of fibroblast cell line (KMST-6). Furthermore, LC-TOF/MS analysis of the extracts clarified that in addition to the above two fatty acids, the amounts of five unsaturated fatty acids [decenoic acid (C10:1), decadienoic acid (C10:2), 5-(Z)-dodecenoic acid (C12:1), 5-(Z)-tetradecenoic acid (C14:1), and tetradecadienoic acid (C14:2)] in MCF-7 medium were higher than those in medium of KMST-6. Interestingly, H2O2-oxidation of 5-(Z)-dodecenoic acid and 5-(Z)-tetradecenoic acid produced volatile aldehydes that were reported as specific volatiles in breath from various cancer patients, such as heptanal, octanal, nonanal, decanal, 2-(E)-nonenal, and 2-(E)-octenal. Thus, we concluded that these identified compounds over-produced in breast cancer cells in this study could serve as potential precursors producing reported cancer-specific volatiles.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Fatty Acids; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Solid Phase Microextraction; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 32598404
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235442 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022The development of functional fermented beverages enriched with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been pursued because of the health benefits of GABA; however, few studies...
The development of functional fermented beverages enriched with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been pursued because of the health benefits of GABA; however, few studies have described GABA production by yeast. Therefore, this study aimed to produce fermented apple beverages enriched with GABA produced by SC125. Golden Delicious apples were fermented by SC125 to produce a novel functional beverage; commercial yeast was used as the control. The GABA, organic acid, and volatile compound content during the fermentation process was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography and headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A yield of 898.35 ± 10.10 mg/L GABA was achieved by the efficient bioconversion of L-monosodium glutamate. Notably, the SC125-fermented beverage produced several unique volatile compounds, such as esters, alcohols, 6-decenoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and showed significantly enhanced contents of organic acids, including malic acids, citric acid, and quinic acid. Sensory analysis demonstrated that the SC125-fermented apple beverage had improved aroma, flavor, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, a fermented functional apple beverage containing GABA was efficiently produced using SC125.
PubMed: 35563926
DOI: 10.3390/foods11091202 -
Biomolecules Jan 2021The occurrence and diversity of and in maize seeds and their role in this cereal are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and...
The occurrence and diversity of and in maize seeds and their role in this cereal are poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and communities found in endosphere of maize seeds collected from fields in Poland and their potential to form selected bioactive substances. The sequencing of the internally transcribed spacer regions 1 (ITS 1) and 2 (ITS2) and the large-subunit (LSU, 28S) of the rRNA gene cluster resulted in the identification of 17 strains, three and five isolates. The assay on solid substrate showed that and can synthesize bassianolide, vertilecanin A, vertilecanin A methyl ester, 2-decenedioic acid and 10-hydroxy-8-decenoic acid. This is also the first study revealing the ability of these two species to produce beauvericin and enniatin B1, respectively. Moreover, for the first time in the present investigation, pyrrocidine A and/or B have been annotated as metabolites of and . The production of toxic, insecticidal and antibacterial compounds in cultures of and suggests the requirement to revise the approach to study the biological role of fungi inhabiting maize seeds.
Topics: Hypocreales; Mycotoxins; Secondary Metabolism; Seeds; Species Specificity; Zea mays
PubMed: 33451141
DOI: 10.3390/biom11010098 -
PloS One 2014Biofilm formation by food-related bacteria and food-related pathogenesis are significant problems in the food industry. Even though much disinfection and mechanical...
Biofilm formation by food-related bacteria and food-related pathogenesis are significant problems in the food industry. Even though much disinfection and mechanical procedure exist for removal of biofilms, they may fail to eliminate pre-established biofilms. cis-2 decenoic acid (CDA), an unsaturated fatty acid messenger produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is reportedly capable of inducing the dispersion of established biofilms by multiple types of microorganisms. However, whether CDA has potential to boost the actions of certain antimicrobials is unknown. Here, the activity of CDA as an inducer of pre-established biofilms dispersal, formed by four main food pathogens; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella enterica and E. coli, was measured using both semi-batch and continuous cultures bioassays. To assess the ability of CDA combined biocides treatments to remove pre-established biofilms formed on stainless steel discs, CFU counts were performed for both treated and untreated cultures. Eradication of the biofilms by CDA combined antibiotics was evaluated using crystal violet staining. The effect of CDA combined treatments (antibiotics and disinfectants) on biofilm surface area and bacteria viability was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy, digital image analysis and LIVE/DEAD staining. MICs were also determined to assess the probable inhibitory effects of CDA combined treatments on the growth of tested microorganisms' planktonic cells. Treatment of pre-established biofilms with only 310 nM CDA resulted in at least two-fold increase in the number of planktonic cells in all cultures. While antibiotics or disinfectants alone exerted a trivial effect on CFU counts and percentage of surface area covered by the biofilms, combinational treatments with both 310 nM CDA and antibiotics or disinfectants led to approximate 80% reduction in biofilm biomass. These data suggests that combined treatments with CDA would pave the way toward developing new strategies to control biofilms with widespread applications in industry as well as medicine.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Biofilms; Disinfectants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Food Microbiology; Plankton; Polystyrenes; Stainless Steel; Surface Properties
PubMed: 25000301
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101677