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International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022Quality of life (QoL) is closely linked to the health status of the individual. In turn, health status strongly depends on lifestyle. Health behavior, which is defined...
UNLABELLED
Quality of life (QoL) is closely linked to the health status of the individual. In turn, health status strongly depends on lifestyle. Health behavior, which is defined as the actions and attitudes of a person that affect their physical and mental health, is one of many lifestyle components. The nursing community, which is exposed to a range of dangers associated with the job position and responsibilities of the nursing profession, has to contend with several negative impacts. This results in a decreased quality of life among the nursing staff and reduced effectiveness in providing care services to patients.
METHODS
This study was conducted using an online Google questionnaire, which was completed by 312 nurses nationwide. The questionnaire included questions about the respondents' socio-demographic survey and included the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) by Juczyński and the WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire.
RESULTS
The mean QoL reported by respondents was 3.65 points (SD = 0.67), meaning that QoL ranked between good and average results. The respondents' mean rating of their own health was 3.58 points (SD = 0.79), indicating that they rated their health status between satisfactory and average. Low health-behavior prevalence was reported by 139 of the 312 survey participants (44.55%), while 111 respondents (35.58%) had average health-behavior prevalence and 62 (19.87%) had high health-behavior prevalence. Each of the QoL domains correlated significantly ( ˂ 0.05) and positively (r ˃ 0) with the total HBI score and all its subscales.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher quality of life improves the level of health behavior by nursing staff. Obesity lowers the quality of life in physical, psychological, and social domains. The psychological sphere was the best-rated quality of life domain by nurses. A good material situation for nurses has a positive effect on their quality of life.
Topics: Health Behavior; Health Status; Humans; Nurses; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36232229
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912927 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2020The aim of this study was to identify socio-demographic correlates of total and domain-specific sedentary behavior (SB).
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to identify socio-demographic correlates of total and domain-specific sedentary behavior (SB).
METHODS
Cross-sectional findings are based on 9218 participants (15-65 years) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health. Data were collected between September 2014 and February 2015. Participants reported time spent in SB across specific domains. Sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic (SEL), and education level were used as sociodemographic indicators.
RESULTS
Participants spent a total of 373.3 min/day engaged in total SB. Men, younger adults, other ethnicities, higher SEL and educational level presented higher total SB when compared with women, older adults, white/Caucasian, and low SEL and educational level. Men spent more time on the playing videogames (: 32.8: 95% CI: 14.6;51.1) and riding in an automobile (40.5: 31.3; 49.8). Computer time, reading, socializing or listening to music was higher in younger participants (<30 years) compared with those ≥50 years in the total sample. Compared to the low SEL and educational level groups, middle (11.7: 5.7; 17.6) and higher (15.1: 5.3; 24.9) SEL groups as well as middle (9.8: 3.6; 15.9) and higher (16.6: 6.5; 26.8) education level groups reported more time spent reading.
CONCLUSION
Socio-demographic characteristics are associated with SB patterns (total and specific) across Latin American countries.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Demography; Female; Humans; Latin America; Male; Middle Aged; Sedentary Behavior; Time Factors
PubMed: 32756330
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155587 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2021CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy) is a small vessel disease caused by mutations in that lead to an... (Review)
Review
CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy) is a small vessel disease caused by mutations in that lead to an odd number of cysteines in the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeat domain, causing protein misfolding and aggregation. The main symptoms are migraines, psychiatric disorders, recurrent strokes, and dementia. Omic technologies allow the massive study of different molecules for understanding diseases in a non-biased manner or even for discovering targets and their possible treatments. We analyzed the progress in understanding CADASIL that has been made possible by omics sciences. For this purpose, we included studies that focused on CADASIL and used omics techniques, searching bibliographic resources, such as PubMed. We excluded studies with other phenotypes, such as migraine or leukodystrophies. A total of 18 articles were reviewed. Due to the high prevalence of mutations considered pathogenic to date in genomic repositories, one can ask whether all of them produce CADASIL, different degrees of the disease, or whether they are just a risk factor for small vessel disease. Besides, proteomics and transcriptomics studies found that the molecules that are significantly altered in CADASIL are mainly related to cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix components, misfolding control, autophagia, angiogenesis, or the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway. The omics studies performed on CADASIL have been useful for understanding the biological mechanisms and could be key factors for finding potential drug targets.
Topics: CADASIL; Cysteine; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gene Frequency; Gene Ontology; Genetic Association Studies; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomics; Humans; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Prevalence; Prognosis; Protein Aggregation, Pathological; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Proteomics; Receptor, Notch3; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Transcriptome
PubMed: 34298974
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147357 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Environmental resources are related to childhood obesity risk and altered brain development, but whether these relationships are stable or if they have sustained impact...
BACKGROUND
Environmental resources are related to childhood obesity risk and altered brain development, but whether these relationships are stable or if they have sustained impact is unknown. Here, we utilized a multidimensional index of childhood neighborhood conditions to compare the influence of various social and environmental disparities (SED) on body mass index (BMI)-brain relationships over a 2-year period in early adolescence.
METHODS
Data were gathered the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study ( = 2,970, 49.8% female, 69.1% White, no siblings). Structure magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), anthropometrics, and demographic information were collected at baseline (9/10-years-old) and the 2-year-follow-up (11/12-years-old). Region of interest (ROIs; 68 cortical, 18 subcortical) estimates of cortical thickness and subcortical volume were extracted from sMRI Tw images using the Desikan atlas. Residential addresses at baseline were used to obtain geocoded estimates of SEDs from 3 domains of childhood opportunity index (COI): healthy environment (COI), social/economic (COI), and education (COI). Nested, random-effects mixed models were conducted to evaluate relationships of BMI with (1) ROI COI and (2) ROI COI Time. Models controlled for sex, race, ethnicity, puberty, and the other two COI domains of non-interest, allowing us to estimate the unique variance explained by each domain and its interaction with ROI and time.
RESULTS
Youth living in areas with lower COI and COI scores were heavier at the 2-year follow-up than baseline and exhibited greater thinning in the bilateral occipital cortex between visits. Lower COI scores corresponded with larger volume of the bilateral caudate and greater BMI at the 2-year follow-up. COI scores showed the greatest associations ( = 20 ROIs) with brain-BMI relationships: youth living in areas with lower COI had thinner cortices in prefrontal regions and larger volumes of the left pallidum and Ventral DC. Time did not moderate the COI x ROI interaction for any brain region during the examined 2-year period. Findings were independent of family income (i.e., income-to-needs).
CONCLUSION
Collectively our findings demonstrate that neighborhood SEDs for health-promoting resources play a particularly important role in moderating relationships between brain and BMI in early adolescence regardless of family-level financial resources.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Female; Male; Body Mass Index; Pediatric Obesity; Ethnicity; Brain; Income
PubMed: 36589997
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1061049 -
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology May 2020The Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale (SCQOLS) comprises five domains and 51 items in total. This study aimed to develop and evaluate short forms of SCQOLS. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale (SCQOLS) comprises five domains and 51 items in total. This study aimed to develop and evaluate short forms of SCQOLS.
STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING
Data were collected from 612 family caregivers of patients with advanced cancers in Singapore. Exploratory factor analysis and best subset regression were used to identify candidate items for each domain. The short forms were evaluated for measurement properties.
RESULTS
Inclusion of at least two items per domain in the short form gave correlation coefficients of at least 0.8 with the corresponding domain scores in the full-length version. The short forms and full-length version had similar correlation coefficients with Negative Personal Impact and Positive Personal Impact measures. Two of the five domains of the 10-item version had Cronbach's alpha ≤0.50 and test-retest reliability ≤0.65. A 15-item version of the scale with two to four items per domain performed satisfactorily in all aspects evaluated.
CONCLUSION
A 15-item short form of the SCQOLS (SCQOLS-15) is valid and reliable for the assessment of the overall and domain-specific quality of life of family caregivers. A 10-item short form (SCQOLS-10) may serve as a quick, valid and reliable assessment of the overall level of quality of life.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Caregivers; Economics; Family; Health Status; Humans; Mental Health; Neoplasms; Personal Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Singapore
PubMed: 32097714
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.02.003 -
Transfusion Medicine Reviews Apr 2018Antigens of the Gerbich blood group system are expressed on glycophorin C (GPC) and glycophorin D (GPD), minor sialoglycoproteins of human erythrocytes. GPC and GPD help... (Review)
Review
Antigens of the Gerbich blood group system are expressed on glycophorin C (GPC) and glycophorin D (GPD), minor sialoglycoproteins of human erythrocytes. GPC and GPD help maintain erythrocyte shape of and contributes to the stability of its membrane. There are six high-prevalence Gerbich antigens: Ge2, Ge3, Ge4, GEPL (GE10), GEAT (GE11), GETI (GE12) and five low-prevalence Gerbich antigens: Wb (GE5), Ls (GE6), An (GE7), Dh (GE8), GEIS (GE9). Some Gerbich antigens (Ge4, Wb, Dh, GEAT) are expressed only on GPC, two (Ge2, An) are expressed only on GPD, while others (Ge3, Ls, GEIS, GEPL, GETI) are expressed on both GPC and GPD. Antibodies recognizing GPC/GPD may arise naturally (so-called "naturally-occurring RBC antibodies") or as the result of alloimmunization, and some of them may be clinically relevant. Gerbich antibodies usually do not cause serious hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR); autoantibodies of anti-Ge2- or anti-Ge3 specificity can cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).
Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Blood Group Antigens; Erythrocyte Membrane; Erythrocytes; Glycophorins; Hemolysis; Humans; Ligands; Malaria; Plasmodium; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Prevalence; Protein Domains
PubMed: 29540278
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2018.02.004 -
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and... Apr 2023How inflammation relates to intrinsic capacity (IC), the composite of physical and mental capacities, remains undefined. Our study aimed to investigate the...
BACKGROUND
How inflammation relates to intrinsic capacity (IC), the composite of physical and mental capacities, remains undefined. Our study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between plasma inflammation-related biomarkers and IC in older adults.
METHODS
This secondary analysis of the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT) included 1238 community-dwelling older individuals with IC assessments from 12 to 60 months. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) were measured at 12 months. IC was operationalized as a score ranging from 0 to 100, derived from four domains: cognition, Mini-Mental State Examination; locomotion, Short Physical Performance Battery; psychological, Geriatric Depression Scale; and vitality, handgrip strength. A five-domain IC score (plus sensory) was investigated in a subsample (n = 535) with a 1-year follow-up as an exploratory outcome.
RESULTS
The mean age of the 1238 participants was 76.2 years (SD = 4.3); 63.7% were female. Their initial four-domain IC scores averaged 78.9 points (SD = 9.3), with a yearly decline of 1.17 points (95% CI = -1.30 to -1.05; P < 0.001). We observed significant associations of lower baseline IC with higher CRP, IL-6, TNFR-1 and GDF-15, after controlling age, sex, MAPT group allocation and educational level [CRP: adjusted β (95% CI) = -1.56 (-2.64 to -0.48); P = 0.005; IL-6: adjusted β = -3.16 (-4.82 to -1.50); P < 0.001; TNFR-1: adjusted β = -6.86 (-10.25 to -3.47); P < 0.001; GDF-15: adjusted β = -7.07 (-10.02 to -4.12); P < 0.001]. Higher TNFR-1, MCP-1 and GDF-15 were associated with faster decline in four-domain IC over 4 years [TNFR-1: adjusted β (95% CI) = -1.28 (-2.29 to -0.27); P = 0.013; MCP-1: adjusted β = -1.33 (-2.24 to -0.42); P = 0.004; GDF-15: adjusted β = -1.42 (-2.26 to -0.58); P = 0.001]. None of the biomarkers was significantly associated with the five-domain IC decline.
CONCLUSIONS
Inflammation was associated with lower IC in older adults. Among all plasma biomarkers, TNFR-1 and GDF-15 were consistently associated with IC at the cross-sectional and longitudinal levels.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Male; Independent Living; Growth Differentiation Factor 15; Hand Strength; Alzheimer Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Interleukin-6; Biomarkers; Inflammation
PubMed: 36660894
DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13163 -
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Aug 2018The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study incorporates a comprehensive range of measures assessing predictors and outcomes related to both mental and... (Review)
Review
The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study incorporates a comprehensive range of measures assessing predictors and outcomes related to both mental and physical health across childhood and adolescence. The workgroup developed a battery that would assess a comprehensive range of domains that address study aims while minimizing participant and family burden. We review the major considerations that went into deciding what constructs to cover in the demographics, physical health and mental health domains, as well as the process of selecting measures, piloting and refining the originally proposed battery. We present a description of the baseline battery, as well as the six-month interim assessments and the one-year follow-up assessments. This battery includes assessments from the perspectives of both the parent and the target youth, as well as teacher reports. This battery will provide a foundational baseline assessment of the youth's current function so as to permit characterization of stability and change in key domains over time. The findings from this battery will also be utilized to identify both resilience markers that predict healthy development and risk factors for later adverse outcomes in physical health, mental health, and substance use and abuse.
Topics: Adolescent; Brain; Child; Cognition; Demography; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Health
PubMed: 29113758
DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.010 -
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Apr 2022It is estimated that, worldwide, 9% of deaths occur as a result of insufficient physical activity (PA) practice. Practicing PA can prevent and/or reduce the deleterious... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
It is estimated that, worldwide, 9% of deaths occur as a result of insufficient physical activity (PA) practice. Practicing PA can prevent and/or reduce the deleterious effects of different types of diseases and can improve general health aspects related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
PURPOSE
To analyze the relationship of different PA domains with different HRQoL domains over a two-year period.
METHODS
This is an observational study with a two-year longitudinal design. The sample, composed of adults, was selected from a randomization of the streets of the different regions (north, south, east, west and center) covering individuals from all areas of the city. To assess the practice of PA, the Baecke questionnaire was used. The instrument Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to assess the HRQoL domains. Linear regression models were used to analyzed the association of different PA domains with changes in HRQoL. Multivariate statistical models were adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, marital status, the respective PA score at baseline, smoking, body mass index, and morbidity.
RESULTS
331 adults were evaluated. There was a decrease in the practice of PA in the occupational domain and an increase in the leisure/locomotion domain. Regarding HRQoL, there was an increase in the scores of body pain and mental health, and a decrease in scores of general health, vitality, social aspects and emotional aspects. The PA practice in the occupational domain was inversely related to functional capacity (β = - 7.2 [CI 95% - 13.0; - 1.4]). The practice of PA through sports in leisure time was positively associated with vitality (β = 5.5 [CI 95% 0.2; 10.7]) and mental health (β = 15.2 [CI 95% 6.8; 23.7]). PA practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = - 5.68 [CI 95% - 10.7; - 0.6]) and positively associated with vitality β = 4.8 [CI 95% 0.8; 8.7]) and mental health (β = 8.4 [CI 95% 2.0; 14.9]). The total PA practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = - 3.8 [CI 95% - 6.5; - 1.2]) and positively associated with pain in the body (β = 4.9 [CI 95% 0.3; 9.4]), vitality (β = 2.9 [CI 95% 0.7; 5.0]) and mental health (β = 5.7 [CI 95% 2.2; 9.2]).
CONCLUSIONS
It is suggested that practicing PA continuously within a period of two years can positively affect some physical aspects and some mental aspects related to HRQoL, but not all of them. A strategy for public policy actions is to explore these variables by domain and thus detect the real needs and improvements that can be made for the population.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Health Status; Humans; Pain; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35488344
DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-01981-3 -
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Aug 2023Physical end emotional changes during pregnancy may not only affect pregnant womens' quality of life, but also how instruments assessing quality of life perform in such...
BACKGROUND
Physical end emotional changes during pregnancy may not only affect pregnant womens' quality of life, but also how instruments assessing quality of life perform in such populations. To date, there is insufficient evidence on psychometric properties for both generic and condition-specific instruments measuring quality of life during pregnancy. The aim of this study was thus to examine the structural validity, internal consistency, and construct validity of the WHOQOL-BREF in a sample of pregnant women.
METHODS
A convenience sample of 1015 pregnant women in Sweden completed the WHOQOL-BREF online. We examined the psychometric properties of the instrument using principal component analysis (PCA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, item-domain correlations, correlations with overall QOL and general health, and multiple linear regression with items on overall QOL and general health as outcomes.
RESULTS
Principal Component Analysis in a random subsample (n = 502) supported a four-factor model, encompassing the domains physical, psychological, social and environmental quality of life, but with four of the items originally in the environmental domain relocated to the other domains. The proposed domain structure showed good fit in confirmatory factor analysis in the other random subsample (n = 513). The physical and psychological domains showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.885 and 0.826 respectively), while the social and environmental domains were weaker in this regard. All domains showed significant positive correlations with items on overall QOL and general health. The physical and psychological domains were the most evident predictors in the regression models.
CONCLUSIONS
We find the Swedish version of the WHOQOL-BREF to have good psychometric properties to be used in samples of pregnant women, and propose an alternative domain structure that might be even more useful for assessing quality of life during pregnancy. The physical and psychological domains showed good internal consistency and construct validity.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Physical Examination; Psychometrics; Emotions
PubMed: 37605225
DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02166-2