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Iranian Journal of Public Health Sep 2013Oral health problems, among the most prevalent comorbidities related to addiction, require more attention by both clinicians and policy-makers. Our aims were to review... (Review)
Review
Oral health problems, among the most prevalent comorbidities related to addiction, require more attention by both clinicians and policy-makers. Our aims were to review oral complications associated with drugs, oral health care in addiction rehabilitation, health services available, and barriers against oral health promotion among addicts. Drug abuse is associated with serious oral health problems including generalized dental caries, periodontal diseases, mucosal dysplasia, xerostomia, bruxism, tooth wear, and tooth loss. Oral health care has positive effects in recovery from drug abuse: patients' need for pain control, destigmatization, and HIV transmission. Health care systems worldwide deliver services for addicts, but most lack oral health care programs. Barriers against oral health promotion among addicts include difficulty in accessing addicts as a target population, lack of appropriate settings and of valid assessment protocols for conducting oral health studies, and poor collaboration between dental and general health care sectors serving addicts. These interfere with an accurate picture of the situation. Moreover, lack of appropriate policies to improve access to dental services, lack of comprehensive knowledge of and interest among dental professionals in treating addicts, and low demand for non-emergency dental care affect provision of effective interventions. Management of drug addiction as a multi-organ disease requires a multidisciplinary approach. Health care programs usually lack oral health care elements. Published evidence on oral complications related to addiction emphasizes that regardless of these barriers, oral health care at various levels including education, prevention, and treatment should be integrated into general care services for addicts.
PubMed: 26060654
DOI: No ID Found -
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India Dec 2015
PubMed: 26843773
DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2014.05.006 -
Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) Apr 2011Despite advances in the knowledge of tooth morphogenesis and differentiation, relatively little is known about the aetiology and molecular mechanisms underlying... (Review)
Review
Despite advances in the knowledge of tooth morphogenesis and differentiation, relatively little is known about the aetiology and molecular mechanisms underlying supernumerary tooth formation. A small number of supernumerary teeth may be a common developmental dental anomaly, while multiple supernumerary teeth usually have a genetic component and they are sometimes thought to represent a partial third dentition in humans. Mice, which are commonly used for studying tooth development, only exhibit one dentition, with very few mouse models exhibiting supernumerary teeth similar to those in humans. Inactivation of Apc or forced activation of Wnt/β(catenin signalling results in multiple supernumerary tooth formation in both humans and in mice, but the key genes in these pathways are not very clear. Analysis of other model systems with continuous tooth replacement or secondary tooth formation, such as fish, snake, lizard, and ferret, is providing insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying succesional tooth development, and will assist in the studies on supernumerary tooth formation in humans. This information, together with the advances in stem cell biology and tissue engineering, will pave ways for the tooth regeneration and tooth bioengineering.
Topics: Adenomatous Polyposis Coli; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; Animals; Cleidocranial Dysplasia; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Biological; Prevalence; Species Specificity; Syndrome; Tooth, Supernumerary; Wnt Proteins
PubMed: 21309064
DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20715 -
Revista Cientifica Odontologica... 2021Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), also known as Marie-Sainton syndrome, is a rare disorder of autosomal dominant type that presents specific characteristics at the skeletal... (Review)
Review
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), also known as Marie-Sainton syndrome, is a rare disorder of autosomal dominant type that presents specific characteristics at the skeletal and dental level. The diagnosis of CCD is based on clinical and radiographic findings. Panoramic, cephalometric and anterior poster radiographs have been used for its diagnosis in dentistry. However, these radiological techniques have limitations, and advances in technology with new imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound have emerged, contributing to the diagnosis of CCD. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify and describe current imaging studies that contribute to both the diagnosis and adequate and efficient treatment planning of CCD, and describe the clinical and radiographic characteristics of patients with this syndrome.
PubMed: 38465273
DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-0902-2021-063 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2021Cemento-osseous dysplasia is non-neoplastic, reactive fibro-osseous lesions that affect the tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. Osseous dysplasia is further divided into...
Cemento-osseous dysplasia is non-neoplastic, reactive fibro-osseous lesions that affect the tooth-bearing areas of the jaws. Osseous dysplasia is further divided into three subtypes: Periapical osseous dysplasia, focal osseous dysplasia, and florid osseous dysplasia. We hereby, present a case of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia occurring in a 40-year old dentulous Indian woman. The patient presented with lesions involving the mandibular right and left quadrant.
Topics: Adult; Cementoma; Female; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone; Humans; Mandible; Osteomyelitis
PubMed: 34269253
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_754_18 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Sep 2012Fibrous dysplasia can present clinically in varied forms which may appear as collision of different pathologic processes. We report a rare case of craniofacial fibrous...
Fibrous dysplasia can present clinically in varied forms which may appear as collision of different pathologic processes. We report a rare case of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia with coexisting epithelial lined cyst and superimposed osteomyelitis with sequestrum formation. Its clinical features and management with possible hypotheses are described along with the post operative course. Pertinent literature has been reviewed with emphasis on pathogenesis of this unique occurrence.
PubMed: 23248490
DOI: 10.4103/0973-029X.102523 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2010In oral cavity, the spectrum of diseases due to genetic alterations ranges from developmental disturbances of teeth to the pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions. Of late,... (Review)
Review
In oral cavity, the spectrum of diseases due to genetic alterations ranges from developmental disturbances of teeth to the pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions. Of late, significant progress has been made in the molecular analysis of tumors. With molecular genetic testing emerging as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approach, a review of genetic alterations ranging from the development of oro-facial structures to the tumors in the head and neck region are addressed in this article. The functional regulatory aspect of genes in relation to oro-facial structures are discussed separately, i.e., in relation to tooth genesis, tooth agenesis (non-syndromic, syndromic), tooth structural alterations, syndromic oro-facial defects, bone diseases, skin diseases (genodermatoses), and malignant tumors. In this literature, various genes involved in the development of the oro-facial structures and tooth in particular are discussed. The genetic basis of disorders in the tooth development (agenesis, hypodontia), tooth structural defects like amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), and oro-facial structural alterations (various syndromes) are explained.
Topics: Anodontia; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Genes, Homeobox; Humans; Odontogenesis; Tooth Abnormalities
PubMed: 20657100
DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.66646 -
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental... Feb 2016Human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for their practical and scientific potentials. To improve understanding of self-renewal and differentiation, we...
Human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for their practical and scientific potentials. To improve understanding of self-renewal and differentiation, we previously reported a defined serum-free medium hESF9 could generate and maintain human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in serum- and feeder-free culture conditions using retroviral vectors. To avoid the unpredictable side effects associated with retrovirus integration, we report here the successful generation of hiPSCs from dental pulp cells with a non-integrating replication-defective and persistent Sendai virus (SeVdp) vector expressing four key reprogramming genes. We found that hESF9 medium in combination with fibronectin are effective for generating and maintaining hiPSCs with SeVdp (KOSM). Using this system, pluripotent and self-renewing hiPSCs could be easily and stably generated and propagated. With this system, we successfully generated hiPSCs from cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) caused by a heterozygous germ-line mutation of runt-related protein2 (RUNX2), which has an important role in the differentiation of osteoblasts and maturation of chondrocytes. This is the first report of the establishment of CCD-specific iPSCs. The cartilage in the teratomas of CCD-iPSCs showed abnormalities. These CCD-iPSCs would be beneficial to clarify the molecular mechanism and for development of medical applications. Moreover, it brings new pathophysiological role of RUNX2 in the differentiation of the human chondrocytes and osteocytes.
Topics: Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cleidocranial Dysplasia; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Dental Pulp; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Sendai virus
PubMed: 26559068
DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9968-x -
Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2022The pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) still remains conflicting and has been linked to alterations in epithelial thickness, fibrosis, and vascularity....
BACKGROUND
The pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) still remains conflicting and has been linked to alterations in epithelial thickness, fibrosis, and vascularity. Although changes in these individual parameters have been extensively studied in relation to epithelial dysplasia their combined relation with dysplasia has not been studied much. Any such relation, if present, may further help in understanding this disease process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between epithelial thickness, fibrosis, and vascularity with dysplasia in OSF.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study consisted of 30 OSF patients. Incisional biopsy was taken from the most fibrosed area of the buccal mucosa. Hematoxylin-Eosin-stained slides were assessed for epithelial thickness, fibrosis, and vascularity using image analysis software. The slides were also assessed for epithelial dysplasia. Relationship of epithelial atrophy, fibrosis, and vascularity with dysplasia was assessed using one-way ANOVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for evaluating the relationship between epithelial thickness, fibrosis, and vascularity.
RESULTS
Epithelial dysplasia was found in all patients. Eleven patients had mild (36. 67%), thirteen had moderate (43.33%), and six had severe (20%) dysplasia. None of the parameters were found to have a significant relationship with dysplasia. However, moderate and positive correlation was found between epithelial thickness and fibrosis. This relation was statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
Positive correlation between epithelial thickness and fibrosis in present study therefore contradicts the hypothesis of fibrosis induced epithelial atrophy. As dysplasia is influenced by multiple factors therefore habits and burning sensation needs to be incorporated in future studies assessing dysplasia in OSF.
PubMed: 35433263
DOI: 10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_36_20 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Oct 2023Patients with dysplastic bone diseases, including fibrous dysplasia (FD), represent a particular challenge for placement of dental implants. This is due to structural...
Alveolar Bone Box Ostectomy Grafted with Particulate Bone Substitute with Subsequent Dental Implant Placement in a Case of Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia Involving the Posterior Maxilla: Case Report and Literature Review.
BACKGROUND
Patients with dysplastic bone diseases, including fibrous dysplasia (FD), represent a particular challenge for placement of dental implants. This is due to structural bony changes that may compromise the bone blood supply and plasticity, thus potentially affecting the process of osseointegration. This case report describes a novel approach for dental-implant-based rehabilitation of the posterior maxilla affected by craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD), with 7 years of treatment follow-up.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 35-year-old female patient was referred due to a suspected unidentified bone lesion affecting the left side of the maxilla. A clinical and radiographic diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia was confirmed through a wedge bone biopsy. Particulate bone substitute was packed into a box-shaped ostectomy area of the lesion in the affected maxillary alveolar ridge. This was followed by the placement of four implants 6 months post operation. The implants were successfully integrated, as confirmed by clinical examination over 7 years of follow up.
CONCLUSION
this treatment approach may be considered as a predictable and efficient treatment modality for dental implant rehabilitation in patients with a variety of fibro-osseous lesions, including fibrous dysplasia, which affect the alveolar bone.
PubMed: 37892590
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206452