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Journal of Dental Research Jul 2017Fissure sealant (FS) and fluoride varnish (FV) are effective in preventing dental caries when compared with a no-treatment control. However, the relative clinical... (Review)
Review
Fissure sealant (FS) and fluoride varnish (FV) are effective in preventing dental caries when compared with a no-treatment control. However, the relative clinical effectiveness of these interventions is uncertain. The objective of the study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of FS and FV in preventing dental caries in first permanent molars (FPMs) in 6- to 7-y-olds. The study design was a randomized clinical trial, with 2 parallel arms. The setting was a targeted-population program that used mobile dental clinics in schools located within areas of high social and economic deprivation in South Wales. A total of 1,016 children were randomized 1:1 to receive either FS or FV. Resin-based FS was applied to caries-free FPMs and maintained at 6-mo intervals. FV was applied at baseline and at 6-mo intervals for 3 y. The main outcome measures were the proportion of children developing caries into dentine (DMFT) on any 1 of up to 4 treated FPMs after 36 mo. At 36 mo, 835 (82%) children remained: 417 in the FS arm and 418 in the FV arm. A smaller proportion of children who received FV ( n = 73, 17.5%) versus FS ( n = 82, 19.6%) developed caries into dentine on at least 1 FPM (odds ratio [OR] = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.21; P = 0.35), a nonstatistically significant difference between FS and FV treatments. The results were similar when the number of newly decayed teeth (OR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.22) and tooth surfaces (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.21) were examined. In a community oral health program, semiannual application of FV resulted in caries prevention that was not significantly different from that obtained by applying and maintaining FS after 36 mo (EudraCT: 2010-023476-23; ISRCTN: ISRCTN17029222).
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Child; Dental Care for Children; Dental Caries; Female; Fluorides, Topical; Health Promotion; Humans; Male; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Treatment Outcome; Wales
PubMed: 28394709
DOI: 10.1177/0022034517702094 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice May 2022The aim of this study was to investigate the pit and fissure morphology of the permanent first molars (PFMs) in the dentition of 7- to 12-year-old patients in Turkish...
AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate the pit and fissure morphology of the permanent first molars (PFMs) in the dentition of 7- to 12-year-old patients in Turkish children.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The study was conducted on 706 patients who attended the Dokuz Eylul University Child Clinic. Examinations of the patients were carried out with dental unit light, mouth mirror, and probe by two dentists. Age, gender, plaque scores, pit and fissure morphology, caries, restorations, and missing teeth were recorded.
RESULTS
Of the 706 patients included in this study, 441 (62.5%) of them have affected PFMs. Intermediate type fissure morphology (57.5%) was seen as the most common type. A positive correlation was observed between the age and the caries experience (p = 0.000). Patients with deep pits and fissure morphology have more caries affected teeth than patients with shallow pit and fissure morphology, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.000). Patients with deep pits and fissure morphology have significantly more plaque accumulation on PFMs compared to the patients with shallow and intermediate fissure morphology (p = 0.000).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the limitations of the study, we can conclude that the patients with deep pit-fissure morphology are more susceptible to caries development and plaque accumulation than the patients with shallow and intermediate type pit and fissure morphology.
Topics: Child; Dental Caries; Humans; Molar; Turkey
PubMed: 35593595
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1771_21 -
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical... Dec 2022Pit-and-fissure sealants of the occlusal surfaces for the posterior teeth are well susceptible to develop dental caries compared to the smooth surfaces due to its...
Pit-and-fissure sealants of the occlusal surfaces for the posterior teeth are well susceptible to develop dental caries compared to the smooth surfaces due to its complex morphology, which makes dental hygiene a challenging fact which give rise to increased plaque accumulation. The use of pit-and-fissure sealants is to provide inhibition toward microorganisms and aggregation of food particles, thereby inhibiting caries initiating and preventing caries progression. The study aimed to assess the effect of pit-and-fissure sealants postbrushing simulation through photography. For this photogenic original study, eight teeth were selected, with two groups each and four teeth present in each of the groups. Brushing simulator machines are well-established methods for analyzing the efficacy of toothbrushes. A total of 10,000 cycles were accounted for by the machine with linear X-axis and Y-axis = 2500 in each group. The clockwise and counterclockwise = 2500 in each group. From the research, it can be concluded that Group A is found to be more effective than Group B, where Group A is Clinpro sealant and Group B is YuSeal. This pit-and-fissure sealant application is very important in clinical practice to prevent the tooth from getting decayed. This research helps us to establish the amount of reduction in both the groups of sealants postbrushing as various brushing patterns influence the retention of pit-and-fissure sealants.
PubMed: 36798569
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_369_22 -
Pediatrics Oct 2010Dental sealants and composite filling materials containing bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives are increasingly used in childhood dentistry. Evidence is accumulating that BPA... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Dental sealants and composite filling materials containing bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives are increasingly used in childhood dentistry. Evidence is accumulating that BPA and some BPA derivatives can pose health risks attributable to their endocrine-disrupting, estrogenic properties.
OBJECTIVES
To systematically compile and critically evaluate the literature characterizing BPA content of dental materials; to assess BPA exposures from dental materials and potential health risks; and to develop evidence-based guidance for reducing BPA exposures while promoting oral health.
METHODS
The extant toxicological literature and material safety data sheets were used as data sources.
RESULTS
BPA is released from dental resins through salivary enzymatic hydrolysis of BPA derivatives, and BPA is detectable in saliva for up to 3 hours after resin placement. The quantity and duration of systemic BPA absorption is not clear from the available data. Dental products containing the bisphenol A derivative glycidyl dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) are less likely to be hydrolyzed to BPA and have less estrogenicity than those containing bisphenol A dimethacrylate (bis-DMA). Most other BPA derivatives used in dental materials have not been evaluated for estrogenicity. BPA exposure can be reduced by cleaning and rinsing surfaces of sealants and composites immediately after placement.
CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of the proven benefits of resin-based dental materials and the brevity of BPA exposure, we recommend continued use with strict adherence to precautionary application techniques. Use of these materials should be minimized during pregnancy whenever possible. Manufacturers should be required to report complete information on the chemical composition of dental products and encouraged to develop materials with less estrogenic potential.
Topics: Benzhydryl Compounds; Dental Materials; Humans; Phenols; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resins, Synthetic
PubMed: 20819896
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-2693 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2015There has been significant advances in the understanding of preventive restorative procedures regarding the advantages and disadvantages for restorative procedures; the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There has been significant advances in the understanding of preventive restorative procedures regarding the advantages and disadvantages for restorative procedures; the evidence for conservative techniques for deep carious lesions; the effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants; and the evidence for use of resin infiltration techniques.
AIM
The intent of this review is to help practitioners use evidence to make decisions regarding preventive restorative dentistry in children and young adolescents.
STUDY DESIGN
This evidence-based review appraises the literature, primarily between the years 1995-2013, on preventive restorative strategies. The evidence was graded as to strong evidence, evidence in favor, or expert opinion by consensus of authors Results: The preventive strategy for dental caries includes individualized assessment of disease progression and management with appropriate preventive and restorative therapy. There is strong evidence that restoration of teeth with incomplete caries excavation results in fewer signs and symptoms of pulpal disease than complete excavation. There is strong evidence that sealants should be placed on pit and fissure surfaces judged to be at risk for dental caries, and surfaces that already exhibit incipient, non-cavitated carious lesions. There is evidence in favor for resin infiltration to improve the clinical appearance of white spot lesions.
CONCLUSIONS
Substantial evidence exists in the literature regarding the value of preventive dental restorative procedures.
Topics: Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment; Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Disease Progression; Evidence-Based Dentistry; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resins, Synthetic; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 26208061
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-39.3.193 -
European Journal of Dentistry 2016This study was conducted to evaluate Yemeni dental practitioners' knowledge and practices concerning fissure sealants.
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to evaluate Yemeni dental practitioners' knowledge and practices concerning fissure sealants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A modified questionnaire consisted of 25-items was distributed to 500 dentists working in Sana'a City. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
The response rate was 74%. Most of the respondents were male (61.3%), general practitioners (84.2%), and had <5 years of clinical experience (48.3%). The respondents showed a reasonable level of knowledge about sealants, with the majority (88%) believed that there is strong scientific evidence about fissure sealants effectiveness and around 90% showed a good understanding of sealant placement instructions. On the other hand, respondents showed insufficient knowledge about sealants clinical practice.
CONCLUSION
Although a high proportion of dental practitioners showed adequate knowledge about dental sealant, following guidelines and standardized procedures in clinical practice is lacking. These emphasize the need for regular continuing education courses for dental professional.
PubMed: 27095903
DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.178300 -
PloS One 2015The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of dental caries and the DMFT index, as well as the distribution pattern of pit and fissure sealants on permanent...
INTRODUCTION
The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of dental caries and the DMFT index, as well as the distribution pattern of pit and fissure sealants on permanent teeth in a Portuguese sample of adolescents, and to assess whether the existing usage of sealants and socio-demographic factors are correlated to caries prevalence on the examined sample.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was designed with a sample of 447 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old, attending a public school in Sátão, Portugal. A self-administered questionnaire with questions about oral health behaviours and socio-economic status was answered by adolescents in the classroom. Clinical examination of oral health status and assessment of fissure sealants were accomplished by only one trained member of the research team.
RESULTS
We obtained a DMFT index of 3.32 (2.92), which indicates a moderate level of prevalence of dental caries. When considering a DMFT = 0, we found significant statistical differences between the parents' level of education (≤ 4th grade = 26.3 vs 5th-12th grade = 18.8 vs <12th grade = 43.3, p = 0.001), gender (male = 27.3 vs female = 19.6, p = 0.04), age (≤ 15 years = 27.1 vs <15 years = 18.5, p = 0.02), presence of fissure sealants (yes = 30.6 vs no = 13.5, p = 0.001) and experience of dental pain (no = 25.4 vs yes = 16.8, p = 0.02). When analyzing the prevalence of fissure sealants, we verified that 58.8% of adolescents had at least one fissure sealant applied. Significant statistical differences were found when analyzing the presence of fissure sealants related with parents' educational level (<9th grade, OR = 1.56 CI95% = 1.05-2.54), gender (female, OR = 1.86 CI95% = 1.19-2.98), experience of dental pain (yes, OR = 0.62 CI95% = 0.39-0.97) and presence of dental caries (yes, OR = 0.35 CI95% = 0.19-0.65).
CONCLUSIONS
The moderate level of caries prevalence reveals the need of improvement of primary prevention interventions among Portuguese adolescents. The establishment of a more targeted preventive program with better and more effective oral health education is essential, having into account socio-demographic aspects.
Topics: Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; DMF Index; Dental Caries; Female; Humans; Male; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Portugal; Prevalence; Self Report; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 25803849
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121299 -
International Journal of Oral Science Sep 2012To obtain the caries experience and, plaque accumulation severity and pit and fissure morphology in first permanent molars in 7-8 children in Wuhan, as a reasonable...
To obtain the caries experience and, plaque accumulation severity and pit and fissure morphology in first permanent molars in 7-8 children in Wuhan, as a reasonable prediction of caries risk and preventive attention in the future, a convenient sample of five primary schools in the vicinity of the Wuhan University School and Hospital of Stomatology was drawn. Two calibrated examiners orally examined all present grade 2 children in the classroom, using standard caries plaque and tooth morphology criteria. Dental caries was scored at enamel (D(2)) and dentine (D(3)) for tooth and surface level. Independent variables were age, gender and school. Data analysis used analysis of variance and t-test. The sample comprised 1 043 7- and 8-year-olds. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent dentition was 8.7% and in primary dentition, 68.7%. Mean Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth/S (DMFT/S) scores were 0.11 and 0.14, respectively. Mean dmft/s scores were 2.8 and 5.0. The d-component constituted 75% of the d(3)mft index, while enamel carious lesions constituted 36% of the total number of carious lesions (d(2,3)-component). Prevalence of medium and deep pits and fissures was 84.6%. Prevalence of medium and severe plaque accumulation was 67.4%. Prevalence of dental caries in the deciduous and permanent dentitions of 7- to 8-year-old children was high. Deep pits and fissures in high caries risk children should be sealed.
Topics: Child; China; DMF Index; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dental Fissures; Dental Plaque Index; Dentin; Dentition, Permanent; Female; Humans; Male; Molar; Prevalence; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 22699265
DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2012.34 -
Community Dental Health Mar 2011To obtain preliminary data on the effectiveness of fissure sealants placed by dentists and dental care professionals (DCPs). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To obtain preliminary data on the effectiveness of fissure sealants placed by dentists and dental care professionals (DCPs).
RESEARCH DESIGN
Case-note review of fissure sealants provided for paediatric patients within primary dental services in South Yorkshire.
PARTICIPANTS
Records were retrieved for 1,100 fissure sealants, placed on first and second permanent molars of 312 children by 25 participating dentists and 25 DCPs during 2001-2003.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Independent variables included operator details and patient-related factors including: caries experience at baseline, age, gender, and socio-economic status. The outcome variables were sealant retention and progression to caries at three years. Bivariate analyses were used to explore the role of potential factors associated with the success of fissure sealant survival. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox's regression models were used to estimate the probability of sealant success for both operator groups.
RESULTS
Retention rates at three years for fissure sealants placed by dentists and DCPs were 62.4% (SD = 22.1) and 58.1% (SD = 21.5) respectively. After three years, 87.1% (SD = 9.8) and 84.2% (SD = 11.6) of teeth sealed by dentists and DCPs remained sound. Exploratory analysis found no significant difference in sealant retention or caries transformation rates according to operator type.
CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of these preliminary findings, delegation of fissure sealants to DCPs would seem to be justified in view of the comparable sealant success rates achieved by dentists and DCPs. These data can now be used to inform future randomised controlled trials on the effectiveness of fissure sealants by different operator groups.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Child; Dental Auxiliaries; Dentists; England; Female; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Proportional Hazards Models; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21485244
DOI: No ID Found -
Cureus Mar 2023It is important to provide appropriate dental care for newly erupted permanent first molars (PFMs) since they are susceptible to caries. As the coronavirus disease 2019...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
It is important to provide appropriate dental care for newly erupted permanent first molars (PFMs) since they are susceptible to caries. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to significant changes in the way dental services are provided to patients, the purpose of this study is to examine the procedure records assigned to PFMs of 6-15 year-olds during the pandemic and analyze the restorative material preferences of the residents of public dental hospitals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Procedure records of patients aged between 6-15 years were extracted from the Public Oral and Dental Health Center, Bursa, Türkiye. All teeth groups except PFMs were excluded, while extracted, survived (restorative/endodontic/prosthetic procedures), and prevented (fissure sealant application) PFMs were analyzed retrospectively. Furthermore, restorative material preferences were analyzed by arch location, cavity surfaces, and dentition types.
RESULTS
Strong positive correlation was seen between age and PFM extraction (r=0.973; p<0.001) and age and PFM restorative treatments (r= 0.966; p<0.001); a negative correlation was detected between age and fissure sealants (r= -0.984; p<0,001) performed on PFMs of 8-15-year-olds. Amalgam was most often preferred as the restorative material (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The distribution of treatments and dental restorations can vary based on many factors, and the pandemic conditions may have changed treatment preferences to favor preventive dentistry. The excess of multi-surface restorations may be related to the delay of treatment applications during COVID-19.
PubMed: 36945234
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36394