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Applied Health Economics and Health... Jan 2023To critically examine the methods used for full economic evaluations of preventive interventions for dental caries and periodontitis.
OBJECTIVES
To critically examine the methods used for full economic evaluations of preventive interventions for dental caries and periodontitis.
METHODS
Published literature post-2000 was searched to April 2021. Based on a developed intervention classification framework for dental caries and periodontitis, only universal, selective or indicated interventions were included in this review. The Drummond 10-point checklist was used for quality appraisal.
RESULTS
Of 3,007 unique records screened for relevance, 73 studies were reviewed. Most model-based studies (61/73) used cost-effectiveness analysis (49%) or cost-benefit analysis (28%). Trial-based studies (16/73) commonly used cost-effectiveness analysis (59%). Four studies used both economic evaluation methods. Sixty-four papers (88%) were on dental caries, eight papers (11%) focused on periodontitis, and one paper (1%) included both oral diseases; 72% of model-based and 82% of trial-based studies were of good quality. The most frequently investigated dental caries preventive interventions were water fluoridation (universal intervention; cost-saving or cost-effective), fissure sealant and fluoride varnish (selective and indicated interventions; cost-effectiveness outcomes were inconsistent). Supportive periodontal therapy with oral health education (indicated intervention; cost-effective) was the most frequently evaluated preventive intervention for periodontitis. Thirty percent of studies with a time horizon > 1 year did not apply an appropriate discount rate and 26% did not comprehensively discuss other important considerations beyond the technical analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Generic health outcome measures should be incorporated for economic evaluations on preventive interventions for dental caries and periodontitis, and an increased focus to prevent periodontitis using economic evaluation methods is needed to inform resource allocation and policy decision-making.
Topics: Humans; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis; Dental Caries; Periodontitis; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Fluoridation; Fluorides, Topical; Oral Hygiene; Health Education
PubMed: 36089630
DOI: 10.1007/s40258-022-00758-5 -
Acta Medica Academica Nov 2013Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that affects most populations throughout the world and it is still the primary cause of oral pain and tooth loss. The occlusal... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that affects most populations throughout the world and it is still the primary cause of oral pain and tooth loss. The occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth are the most vulnerable sites for dental caries due to their anatomy. Therefore, the aim of the following article is to summarize current knowledge on occlusal caries development and the possibilities of its prevention. Although the overall caries rate today has fallen for populations in industrialized countries, the rate of occlusal surface caries has not decreased. This may be explained with fact that topically applied fluorides and their mode of action prevent caries better on smooth than on occlusal surfaces. As we know, tooth decay of first permanent molars causes a great deal of different short and long term difficulties for patients. Therefore, there is a continuous need for implementation of programs for caries prevention in permanent teeth. Nowadays, we like to treat our patients by minimally invasive methods. A very important step in our effective preventive treatment is sealing pits and fissures as a cornerstone of occlusal caries management. Reliable assessment of caries activity is also very important for defining treatment needs and plans. A very important decision, which should be made during occlusal caries management, is the selection of restorative material according to the treatment plan.
CONCLUSION
Current possibilities in occlusal caries prevention and management are very effective. Therefore, dentists today do not have any excuse for avoiding the philosophy of Minimally Invasive Dentistry, especially when we talk about caries management of occlusal surfaces in permanent molars.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; DMF Index; Dental Caries; Dental Occlusion; Disease Progression; Female; Fluorides; Humans; Male; Periodontal Index; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 24308401
DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124.89 -
Global Pediatric Health 2023This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents residing in Pakistan toward pits and fissure sealants in children. This descriptive,...
This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents residing in Pakistan toward pits and fissure sealants in children. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2022 to March 2023. An online questionnaire was distributed through various social media platforms. Independent t-test and Multiple Linear Regression analysis were performed. A total of 570 participants were recruited. For protection against tooth decay, most of the participants 456(80%) believed that fissure sealants should be placed to protect teeth from decay. Placement of fissure sealants was considered to be a cost-effective measure by majority of the 480 (84.2%) respondents. Fissure sealants are one of the most effective preventive measures against tooth decay. The knowledge, attitude and practice of parents were some being aware of fissure sealants and some were not. It appeared to support the placement of fissure sealants for their children.
PubMed: 38024465
DOI: 10.1177/2333794X231214090 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Jul 2023The goal of the current research was to assess marginal sealing abilities of 2 commercial pit and fissure sealants.
OBJECTIVES
The goal of the current research was to assess marginal sealing abilities of 2 commercial pit and fissure sealants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 30 premolar teeth were equally classified into 2 groups: Group A-application of Embrace-WetBond sealant and Group B-application of Fissurit F, Voco sealant. After sealant placement, samples were preserved in artificial saliva for 48 hours prior to thermocycling. Later, samples were submerged for 24 hours in a 2% methylene blue solution. The amount of microleakage based on the quantity of dye penetration at interface between the tooth substance and sealant was compared under an optical stereomicroscope. The obtained data were statistically analysed for the dye penetration scores in both groups.
RESULT
It was observed that 8 samples from Group A (53%) had no dye penetration (Grade 0), whereas 4 samples from Group B (26%) showed Grade 0 penetration. In 5 out of 15 samples (33%) from Group B, the dye penetration was the greatest (Grade 3; = 0.012).
CONCLUSION
It was concluded that Embrace-WetBond had lesser microleakage compared to group 2-Fissurit F, Voco sealant.
PubMed: 37693958
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_152_23 -
BMC Oral Health Oct 2023Prevention and treatment services use is closely associated with socioeconomic factors, such as income. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between...
BACKGROUND
Prevention and treatment services use is closely associated with socioeconomic factors, such as income. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between implementing the sealant program and resin fillings restoration and to explore the role of income and frequency of dental visits in this relationship.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study used the cohort database from the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service. The study population comprised 494,731 children born in 2007. A logistic regression model for the experience of resin fillings and a linear regression model for weighted utilization of them were used to identify the independent effects of dental sealants, income, and frequency of dental visits. All analyses were conducted using the SAS Enterprise Guide version 7.1 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA).
RESULTS
The ratio based on income level was almost proportional in all groups except the medical aid group, which had a rate as high as that of the wealthier group. Children without sealants were 1.05 times more likely to have resin fillings than others after adjusting for income level and frequency of visiting dental clinics in the final model. However, an opposite relationship between sealant experiences and resin fillings was observed in the previous model without dental visits. The gap in the weighted resin filling scores according to socioeconomic variables showed a similar tendency.
CONCLUSIONS
Income and frequency of dental visits might be confounding factors for the relationship between dental sealant and resin fillings. It is necessary to consider the complex relationship between socioeconomic indicators and service use while studying oral health inequality.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Dental Caries; Health Status Disparities; Retrospective Studies; Income
PubMed: 37891584
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03387-z -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023The study aims to enhance the anti-caries performance of pit and fissure sealants through the synthesis of novel silver nanocomposites, and to evaluate their mechanical...
OBJECTIVE
The study aims to enhance the anti-caries performance of pit and fissure sealants through the synthesis of novel silver nanocomposites, and to evaluate their mechanical properties and biological safety in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS
The antibacterial properties of synthetic eggshell/Ag were detected by bacterial inhibition zone, minimum bacteriostatic concentration, fluorescence staining and scanning electron microscopy. The synthetic products were then combined with pit and fissure sealants to prepare specimens, and their effects on mechanical properties, antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Furthermore, an oral mucosal contact model of golden hamsters was established according to the ISO10933 standard to evaluate local stimulation and systemic effects.
RESULTS
The novel nanocomposite eggshell/Ag was confirmed to exhibit strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and that the eggshell/Ag-modified pit and fissure sealant had strong antibacterial properties against common dental caries bacterial biofilms, without any significant change in mechanical properties. The gradient dilution extract showed acceptable cytotoxicity, and in the golden hamster oral contact model, there were no visible abnormalities in local mucosal tissues, blood indices, or liver and kidney histopathology.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that eggshell/Ag combined with pit and fissure sealants has strong antibacterial activity and excellent biosafety in vitro and in vivo, making it a promising candidate for clinical applications.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Cariostatic Agents; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Dental Caries; Egg Shell; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37283713
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S403974 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2023Deep pits and fissures are more prone to caries development due to their complex morphological anatomy. Preventive measures, such as pit and fissure sealants, can help...
INTRODUCTION
Deep pits and fissures are more prone to caries development due to their complex morphological anatomy. Preventive measures, such as pit and fissure sealants, can help in the reduction of dental caries. Conventional sealants being hydrophobic in nature, require isolation. Sealants which are hydrophilic have been introduced as an alternative where isolation is difficult to achieve.
AIM
To compare and evaluate the retention and marginal integrity of hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant (Embrace WetBond) with hydrophobic pit and fissure sealant (Clinpro) in permanent first molars.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sealants were applied randomly using the split-mouth design technique on 80 permanent first molars in children aged between 6 and 9 years and evaluation was done at 3, 6, 9, and 18 months.
RESULTS
The difference in retention rates between the groups was not significant using the Chi-squared test, though the WetBond group exhibited better results with 40% complete retention at the end of 18 months while in the Clinpro group, it was 37.50%. The marginal integrity in both the sealant groups was also found to be statistically insignificant. Caries incidence was found to be slightly higher in the Clinpro group.
CONCLUSION
The clinical performance of Embrace WetBond was better when compared to Clinpro because of its moisture-tolerance capacity. Embrace Wetbond pit and fissure sealant can be the choice of material in cases where moisture control is a challenging issue.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Gyati O, Jain M, Sogi S, Clinical Evaluation of Retention of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Pit and Fissure Sealants in Permanent First Molars: An 18 Months follow-up: Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):350-356.
PubMed: 37519987
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2578 -
Caries Research 2010Sealants are a successful tool in caries prevention, but their role in preventive strategies after the caries decline has to be discussed. A survey of paediatric... (Review)
Review
Sealants are a successful tool in caries prevention, but their role in preventive strategies after the caries decline has to be discussed. A survey of paediatric departments across Europe revealed that indications for pit and fissure sealants vary considerably, both nationally and internationally. Evidence for effectiveness of sealants in controlling caries in posterior teeth implies that sealants should be an integrated part of management of pit and fissure caries. Still, the indication for occlusal sealants seems to be shifting from primary prevention to a therapeutic decision for caries management of lesions in enamel and the outer part of the dentine. Sealants are also an interesting concept for caries management in approximal surfaces. Clinical trials suggest that novel techniques of sealing or infiltrating approximal lesions show promise. However, approximal sealing techniques are as complex to apply and time-consuming as approximal fillings. The article proposes guidelines for teaching on the use of sealants.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Europe; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Pediatric Dentistry; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Practice Patterns, Dentists'; Primary Prevention; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 20068302
DOI: 10.1159/000271591 -
Journal (Canadian Dental Association) Nov 1999Ultraconservative dentistry represents a great step forward for the dentist, the profession, and especially the patient. It involves the early detection and complete...
Ultraconservative dentistry represents a great step forward for the dentist, the profession, and especially the patient. It involves the early detection and complete elimination of all accessible and non-accessible carious material from the tooth. Untreated caries can be extremely and rapidly destructive. The earliest interception of decay maintains total dental health and increases the likelihood of the restored teeth lasting a lifetime.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Fissures; Dental Instruments; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants
PubMed: 10612937
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Clinical... 2022One of the important techniques for prevention of dental caries is the application of pit and fissure sealants. The sealant success depends on not only adhering firmly...
INTRODUCTION
One of the important techniques for prevention of dental caries is the application of pit and fissure sealants. The sealant success depends on not only adhering firmly to the enamel surface, but also isolation of pits and fissures from the rest of the oral environment.The study was conducted to evaluate and compare three pit and fissure sealant materials for viscosity, microleakage, and resin tag length.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty premolars were selected for the study. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups. Group I: type VII GIC, group II: Delton FS, group III: Delton. Teeth were prepared by pumice prophylaxis and etched with 37% phosphoric acid. The respective pit and fissure sealants were applied. Teeth were stored in 1% methylene blue dye and sectioned mesiodistally into two halves. The microleakage was assessed using stereomicroscope and resin tag length using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Brookfield's viscometer was used to measure the viscosity.
RESULT
Viscosity was lowest for Delton and highest for type VII GIC. Microleakage was seen least with the Delton (0.0%) sealant, followed by Delton FS (20.0%), and highest in Type VII GIC (85.0%) in the scoring criteria of 3 and 4 and the mean length of the resin tags was least for Type VII GIC was 3.79 ± 2.58 µm, followed by Delton FS was 5.60 ± 2.12 µm, and highest for Delton was 7.27 ± 3.43 µm. The relation between viscosity, resin tag length, and microleakage was negative. As the viscosity gets lower, the more long the resin tags formed and the microleakage decreased. Delton pit and fissure sealant had lowest viscosity and microleakage scores while longest resin tag lengths.
CONCLUSION
Delton with the lowest viscosity and microleakage appears to be a more suitable pit and fissure sealant compatible with residual moisture and ideal for use in children, where isolation is a problem.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Singh R, Lakhanam M. An Study of Three Types of Pit and Fissure Sealants for Viscosity, Resin Tag, and Microleakage: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(3):304-310.
PubMed: 35991789
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2392