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The Dental Register Aug 1907
PubMed: 33701725
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Feb 2020For dental students, textbooks and lectures provide basic knowledge, and simulated and actual clinical training provide learning in technical and communication skills....
OBJECTIVE
For dental students, textbooks and lectures provide basic knowledge, and simulated and actual clinical training provide learning in technical and communication skills. At our college, conservative dentistry is taught in the third and fourth years of a 6-year undergraduate degree. Clinical training is undertaken subsequently in the fifth year and includes cavity preparation and composite resin filling tasks. However, despite the clinical importance of a full understanding surrounding these procedures, sixth-year students occasionally provide incorrect answers regarding these procedures in assessments. Although they demonstrated a basic understanding of the procedures, they may have forgotten the acquired knowledge during their clinical training. Therefore, we developed an error-detection examination to evaluate and improve fifth-year students' knowledge.
METHODS
Written detailed treatment procedures for standardized, typical, cases were presented to students. Some critical steps were intentionally written incorrectly, and students had to identify and correct these. After correcting the steps, students gave a presentation to their peers on their corrections. This was followed by a summary of the correct answers and a short lecture by the teacher. Students then completed a questionnaire investigating their experience of the examination.
RESULTS
Students misunderstood some key treatment steps, such as pretreatment of composite resin filling, amalgam removal, and ceramic inlay fitting. The questionnaire revealed that this method of testing applied knowledge was new to students and helped them to identify knowledge gaps. The test also increased their motivation to study conservative dentistry. Students were open to taking similar tests in different areas.
CONCLUSION
Although conservative dentistry is a basic field of dental treatment, mistakes in treatment can lead to early treatment failure or reduce the lifetime of a restored tooth. Therefore, students need to have a deep understanding of procedures. Error-detection examinations may help students identify knowledge gaps and provide useful feedback to teachers to identify areas that they should stress in earlier years.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Conservative Treatment; Curriculum; Dentistry; Education, Dental; Educational Measurement; Humans; Learning; Peer Group; Students, Dental
PubMed: 32067399
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.250 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2014To perform dual-bundle reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament using full arthroscopic tibial inlay technology with self-designed tibia tunnel drilling system and...
OBJECTIVE
To perform dual-bundle reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament using full arthroscopic tibial inlay technology with self-designed tibia tunnel drilling system and to compare the effect of arthroscopic tibial inlay versus traditional technique for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
32 patients were randomly divided into experiment group (improved tibial inlay, n = 17) and control group (traditional tibial inlay, n = 15). Self-designed tibia tunnel drill system was used to produce intraoperative deep-limited bone tunnel. During follow-up, the location of the bone block and the healing situation were checked by knee X-ray and spiral CT scan. Blood loss, operation time and nerve vascular injuries were evaluated.
RESULTS
Mean intraoperative blood loss was 123.53 ± 74.05 ml in the improved tibial inlay group compared with 332 ± 114.26 ml in the traditional tibial inlay group (t = 6.12, P < 0.05). Mean operation time was 235.27 ± 58.88 min in the improved tibial inlay group compared with 346.37 ± 59.67 min in the traditional tibial inlay group (t = 5.19, P < 0.05). Posterior drawer test were negative in 15 cases, slight positive in 2 with improved tibial inlay technique compared with 14 negative cases and 2 positive cases of traditional tibial Inlay technique. The X-ray and spiral CT scan showed the location of the bone block were perfect and healed well with the patent who received improved tibial inlay technology after 12 weeks postoperatively.
CONCLUSION
Accurate depth-limited bone tunnel can be produced by the tibia tunnel drill system with minor trauma, less bleeding and reducing of nerves or vessels and the recent clinical effects of PCL reconstruction were pretty good.
PubMed: 25419349
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2017To compare the visual performance and optical quality after Raindrop Near Vision Inlay implantation or monovision LASIK for the correction of presbyopia.
PURPOSE
To compare the visual performance and optical quality after Raindrop Near Vision Inlay implantation or monovision LASIK for the correction of presbyopia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this retrospective case-series study, patients previously treated in the nondominant eye with monovision LASIK were compared with patients previously implanted with Raindrop Near Vision Inlay. The study enrolled 16 inlay and 15 monovision LASIK patients. Uncorrected near visual acuity, uncorrected distance visual acuity, binocular stereopsis, patient satisfaction, and patient task performance were assessed.
RESULTS
Postoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent was -0.66 D (0.78 SD) for the inlay group and -1.03 D (0.56 SD) for the monovision LASIK group. Monocularly, at uncorrected near distances, 60% of inlay patients and 47% of monovision LASIK patients achieved ≥20/20. Monocularly, at uncorrected far distances, 75% of inlay patients and 40% of monovision LASIK patients achieved ≥20/32 vision. Binocularly, at near distances, 79% of inlay patients and 53% of monovision LASIK patients obtained ≥20/20 vision. All patients achieved ≥20/20 binocularly for distance. On average, inlay patients obtained 98 seconds of arc and monovision LASIK patients obtained 286 seconds of arc for stereopsis. Most (79%) of the inlay patients and 66% of monovision LASIK patients were satisfied with their near vision, while 86% of inlay patients and 67% of monovision LASIK patients were satisfied with their distance vision.
CONCLUSION
Patients receiving corneal inlays demonstrated better near and distance visual acuities, binocular stereopsis, task performance, and satisfaction, when compared to patients treated with monovision LASIK.
PubMed: 29033538
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S142075 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jul 2021To evaluate the clinical outcomes of resin composite CAD/CAM restorations in a prospective cohort study, and to assess patient and operator satisfaction after...
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of resin composite CAD/CAM restorations in a prospective cohort study, and to assess patient and operator satisfaction after restoration placement, 59 indirect resin composite were placed by supervised undergraduate students, of which 43 restorations were followed over a mean period of 28 months (14-44 months) and evaluated using USPHS criteria. Patient and operator satisfaction levels were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) after restoration placement. A total of 37 patients and 47 restorations were included for further study. Four teeth were extracted-three due to extensive drug-induced secondary caries in the same patient, and one tooth due to large periapical periodontitis after 44 months of service. The overall survival rate was 91.4%, and success rate was 87.2%. Differences between baseline and endpoint scores were significant for marginal discoloration ( < 0.05) and adaptation ( < 0.001). Color match ( < 0.05) and surface texture ( < 0.001) differed significantly, affecting all restoration types. VAS scores for patient and operator satisfaction showed a significant rank correlation ( < 0.01), and pairwise comparison showed significant differences for mean overall patient and operator VAS scores ( < 0.001). Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM may be considered a suitable material for overlays and endocrown restorations when combined with IDS, air abrasion, and MDP-containing adhesive systems. Marginal disintegration may present in inlays and onlays over time.
PubMed: 34362055
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153269 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery May 2013Vascular surgical training currently has to cope with various challenges, including restrictions on work hours, significant reduction of open surgical training cases in... (Review)
Review
Vascular surgical training currently has to cope with various challenges, including restrictions on work hours, significant reduction of open surgical training cases in many countries, an increasing diversity of open and endovascular procedures, and distinct expectations by trainees. Even more important, patients and the public no longer accept a "learning by doing" training philosophy that leaves the learning curve on the patient's side. The Vascular International (VI) Foundation and School aims to overcome these obstacles by training conventional vascular and endovascular techniques before they are applied on patients. To achieve largely realistic training conditions, lifelike pulsatile models with exchangeable synthetic arterial inlays were created to practice carotid endarterectomy and patch plasty, open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery, and peripheral bypass surgery, as well as for endovascular procedures, including endovascular aneurysm repair, thoracic endovascular aortic repair, peripheral balloon dilatation, and stenting. All models are equipped with a small pressure pump inside to create pulsatile flow conditions with variable peak pressures of ~90 mm Hg. The VI course schedule consists of a series of 2-hour modules teaching different open or endovascular procedures step-by-step in a standardized fashion. Trainees practice in pairs with continuous supervision and intensive advice provided by highly experienced vascular surgical trainers (trainer-to-trainee ratio is 1:4). Several evaluations of these courses show that tutor-assisted training on lifelike models in an educational-centered and motivated environment is associated with a significant increase of general and specific vascular surgical technical competence within a short period of time. Future studies should evaluate whether these benefits positively influence the future learning curve of vascular surgical trainees and clarify to what extent sophisticated models are useful to assess the level of technical skills of vascular surgical residents at national or international board examinations. This article gives an overview of our experiences of >20 years of practical training of beginners and advanced vascular surgeons using lifelike pulsatile vascular surgical training models.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Curriculum; Education, Medical, Graduate; Endovascular Procedures; Equipment Design; Humans; Learning Curve; Manikins; Models, Anatomic; Models, Cardiovascular; Pulsatile Flow; Task Performance and Analysis; Teaching; Vascular Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 23601597
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.11.113 -
Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology... May 2016The objective of this study was to review the advances in the field of refractive surgery as reported in the peer-reviewed literature during the previous year. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to review the advances in the field of refractive surgery as reported in the peer-reviewed literature during the previous year.
DESIGN
A literature review.
METHODS
In this review, we highlight the most pertinent articles in the field from June 2014 to the end of July 2015.
RESULTS
This past year has seen a growing body of research on small-incision lenticule extraction, presbyopic inlays, and phakic intraocular lenses, as more clinicians are adopting these techniques into their armamentarium.
CONCLUSIONS
Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy continue to dominate the keratorefractive literature, as they remain the most frequently performed refractive surgeries.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Excimer; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Photorefractive Keratectomy; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Refractive Surgical Procedures; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 27183291
DOI: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000200 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2023To assess the impact of the age of resin-based composite (RBC) restorations used for deep margin elevation (DME) on the marginal quality and fracture resistance of...
OBJECTIVES
To assess the impact of the age of resin-based composite (RBC) restorations used for deep margin elevation (DME) on the marginal quality and fracture resistance of inlays.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Permanent human molars with direct RBC restorations, involving the mesial, occlusal, and distal surface (MOD), were allocated to four groups (each n = 12). Half of the teeth underwent thermomechanical loading including 240,000 occlusal load cycles and 534 thermal cycles (TML, 5 °C/55 °C; 49 N, 1.7 Hz). With RBC left in one proximal box as DME, all teeth received MOD inlays, made from lithium disilicate (LDS) or a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (PICN). The restored teeth underwent TML including 1.2 million occlusal cyclic loadings and 2673 thermal cycles. The marginal quality was assessed at baseline and after both runs of TML. Load-to-fracture tests were performed. The statistical analysis comprised multiple linear regressions (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
Simulated aging of RBC restorations had no significant effect on the marginal quality at the interface between the RBC and the tooth and the RBC and the inlay (p ≥ 0.247). Across time points, higher percentages of non-continuous margin were observed between the inlay and the tooth than between the tooth and the RBC (p ≤ 0.039). The age of the DME did not significantly affect the fracture resistance (p ≥ 0.052).
CONCLUSIONS
Artificial aging of RBC restorations used for DME had no detrimental effect on the marginal quality and fracture resistance of LDS and PICN inlays.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This laboratory study suggests that-in select cases-intact, direct RBC restorations not placed immediately before the delivery of an indirect restoration may be used for DME.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Inlays; Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Ceramics; Computer-Aided Design; Materials Testing; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 36622446
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04841-y -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Apr 2024The existing knowledge is insufficient for comprehending the fatigue survival and fracture resistance of molars that have deep approximal direct and indirect...
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The existing knowledge is insufficient for comprehending the fatigue survival and fracture resistance of molars that have deep approximal direct and indirect restorations, whether with or without deep margin elevation (DME).
PURPOSE
The aim of this laboratory and in silico study is to investigate the fatigue survival, fracture strength, failure pattern and tooth deformation of molars restored with DME in combination with a direct or indirect restoration.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This study utilized 45 extracted sound human molars, divided into three groups (n = 15). Standardized 100% inter-cuspal inlay preparations were performed, extending 2 mm below the CEJ and immediate dentin sealing (IDS) was applied. Group 1 (Co_1) was restored with direct composite; Group 2 (Hyb_2) with a 2 mm DME of direct composite and a glass-ceramic lithium disilicate restoration; Group 3 (Cer_3) a glass-ceramic lithium disilicate restoration. All specimens were exposed to a fatigue process involving thermal-cyclic loading (50N for 1.2 × 10 cycles at 1.7 Hz, between 5 and 55 °C), if teeth survived, they were fractured using a load-to-failure test and failure types were analyzed. Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to assess tooth deformation and tensile stress in the restorations. Statistical evaluation of fracture strength was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Fisher's exact test was utilized to analyze the fracture types and repairability. A statistical significance level of α < 0.05 was set for all analyses.
RESULTS
All specimens successfully withstood the fatigue testing procedure, and no statistically significant differences in fracture strength were observed among the three groups (P > 0.05). The Fisher's exact test indicated a significant association between the restorative material and fracture type (F = 18.315, df = 2, P = 0.004), but also for repairability (F = 13.725, df = 2, P = 0.001). Crown-root fractures were significantly more common in the Cer_3 group compared to the Co_1 group (P = 0.001) and the Co_1 group had significantly more repairable fractures (F = 13.197, df = 2, P = 0.001). FEA revealed comparable outcomes of deformation among models and higher maximum tensile stress on models with higher frequency of catastrophic failures.
CONCLUSIONS
All tested restoration materials exhibited comparable fatigue survival and fracture strength in this laboratory and in silico study. However, it is important to recognize the potential for more severe and irreparable fractures when opting for deeply luted glass-ceramic inlay restorations in clinical practice. In such cases, it would be prudent to consider the alternative option being a direct composite approach, because of its more forgiving fracture types and repairability.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Molars with deep approximal direct and indirect restorations, whether with or without DME, are comparable in their fatigue survival and fracture resistance to withstand intra-oral forces. Deep direct restorations exhibit more repairable fractures compared to deeply luted glass-ceramics.
Topics: Humans; Molar; Finite Element Analysis; Flexural Strength; Fractures, Bone; Laboratories; Tooth Fractures
PubMed: 38394767
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106459 -
International Journal of Dentistry 2022The electronic search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases until November 2020, regardless of language limitations. The inclusion... (Review)
Review
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The electronic search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases until November 2020, regardless of language limitations. The inclusion criterion was as follows: S/M-R regarding prosthetic restorations in endodontically treated teeth. Three qualified researchers evaluated the inclusion criteria and bias risk. The fourth investigator was referred to when facing any doubtfulness.
RESULTS
From 43 achieved S/M-R, 14 studies were selected for this inquiry. Primary extracted information included success rate, survival rate, and postendodontic failure rate. Five S/M-R had a moderate risk of bias, and nine S/M-R had a low risk of bias and were considered strong clinical evidence in this examination. According to the low-risk reports, the success rate of fiber posts was higher than that of metal posts; the rate of root fracture in metallic and fiber posts was alike; the failure rate for fiber posts was comparable to fixed partial dentures or single crowns; the construction of endocrowns was likely to perform better than intracanal posts, composite resin, or inlay/onlay restorations.
CONCLUSION
It appears that with practice and experience, deciding which type of restoration to choose changes. In dental restorations associated with root canal therapy, the single crowns are likely to be a proper option. Nevertheless, due to the heterogeneity of the studies, more clinical assessments are required to achieve more specific findings in this field.
PubMed: 35242190
DOI: 10.1155/2022/4748291