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Journal of Prosthodontic Research 2023
Topics: Prosthodontics; Dental Materials; Dental Prosthesis Design; Biomimetic Materials
PubMed: 37045755
DOI: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_23_00081 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... May 2024Lithium silicate-based glass ceramics have evolved as a paramount restorative material in restorative and prosthetic dentistry, exhibiting outstanding esthetic and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Lithium silicate-based glass ceramics have evolved as a paramount restorative material in restorative and prosthetic dentistry, exhibiting outstanding esthetic and mechanical performance. Along with subtractive machining techniques, this material class has conquered the market and satisfied the patients' needs for a long-lasting, excellent, and metal-free alternative for single tooth replacements and even smaller bridgework. Despite the popularity, not much is known about the material chemistry, microstructure and terminal behaviour.
METHODS
This article combines a set of own experimental data with extensive review of data from literature and other resources. Starting at manufacturer claims on unique selling propositions, properties, and microstructural features, the aim is to validate those claims, based on glass science. Deep knowledge is mandatory for understanding the microstructure evolution during the glass ceramic process.
RESULTS
Fundamental glass characteristics have been addressed, leading to formation of time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagrams, which are the basis for kinetic description of the glass ceramic process. Nucleation and crystallization kinetics are outlined in this contribution as well as analytical methods to describe the crystalline fraction and composition qualitatively and quantitatively. In relation to microstructure, the mechanical performance of lithium silicate-based glass ceramics has been investigated with focus on fracture strength versus fracture toughness as relevant clinical predictors.
CONCLUSION
Fracture toughness has been found to be a stronger link to initially outlined manufacturer claims, and to more precisely match ISO recommendations for clinical indications.
Topics: Ceramics; Silicates; Materials Testing; Glass; Surface Properties; Dental Materials; Crystallization; Lithium Compounds; Dental Porcelain
PubMed: 38580561
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.03.006 -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Apr 2018Alveolar ridge augmentation is essential for success in implant therapy and depends on the biological performance of bone graft materials. This literature review aims to... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Alveolar ridge augmentation is essential for success in implant therapy and depends on the biological performance of bone graft materials. This literature review aims to comprehensively explain the clinically relevant capabilities and limitations of currently available bone substitutes for bone augmentation in light of biomaterial science.
STUDY SELECTION
The biological performance of calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes was categorized according to space-making capability, biocompatibility, bioabsorption, and volume maintenance over time. Each category was reviewed based on clinical studies, preclinical animal studies, and in vitro studies.
RESULTS
Currently available bone substitutes provide only osteoconduction as a scaffold but not osteoinduction. Particle size, sensitivity to enzymatic or chemical dissolution, and mechanical properties affect the space-making capability of bone substitutes. The nature of collagen fibers, particulate size, and release of calcium ions influence the biocompatibility of bone substitutes. Bioabsorption of bone substitutes is determined by water solubility (chemical composition) and acid resistance (integrity of apatite structure). Bioabsorption of remnant bone substitute material and volume maintenance of the augmented bone are inversely related.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary to improve the biocompatibility of currently available bone substitutes and to strike an appropriate balance between bioabsorption and volume maintenance to achieve ideal bone remodeling.
Topics: Absorbable Implants; Biocompatible Materials; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone Substitutes; Bone Transplantation; Chemical Phenomena; Crystallization; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Humans; Porosity; Solubility
PubMed: 28927994
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2017.08.010 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2018Oral biofilms attach onto both teeth surfaces and dental material surfaces in oral cavities. In the meantime, oral biofilms are not only the pathogenesis of dental... (Review)
Review
Oral biofilms attach onto both teeth surfaces and dental material surfaces in oral cavities. In the meantime, oral biofilms are not only the pathogenesis of dental caries and periodontitis, but also secondary caries and peri-implantitis, which would lead to the failure of clinical treatments. The material surfaces exposed to oral conditions can influence pellicle coating, initial bacterial adhesion, and biofilm formation, due to their specific physical and chemical characteristics. To define the effect of physical and chemical characteristics of dental prosthesis and restorative material on oral biofilms, we discuss resin-based composites, glass ionomer cements, amalgams, dental alloys, ceramic, and dental implant material surface properties. In conclusion, each particular chemical composition (organic matrix, inorganic filler, fluoride, and various metallic ions) can enhance or inhibit biofilm formation. Irregular topography and rough surfaces provide favorable interface for bacterial colonization, protecting bacteria against shear forces during their initial reversible binding and biofilm formation. Moreover, the surface free energy, hydrophobicity, and surface-coating techniques, also have a significant influence on oral biofilms. However, controversies still exist in the current research for the different methods and models applied. In addition, more in situ studies are needed to clarify the role and mechanism of each surface parameter on oral biofilm development.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Dental Materials; Dental Prosthesis; Humans; Mouth; Surface Properties
PubMed: 30322190
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103157 -
Australian Dental Journal Jun 2011Most dental materials are designed to have a relatively 'neutral' existence in the mouth. It is considered that if they are 'passive' and do not react with the oral... (Review)
Review
Most dental materials are designed to have a relatively 'neutral' existence in the mouth. It is considered that if they are 'passive' and do not react with the oral environment they will be more stable and have a greater durability. At the same time, it is hoped that our materials will be well accepted and will cause neither harm nor injury. This is an entirely negative approach to material tolerance and biocompatibility and hides the possibility that some positive gains can be achieved by using materials which behave in a more dynamic fashion in the environment in which they are placed. An example of materials which have potential for 'dynamic' behaviour exists with structures which are partly water-based or have phases or zones with significant water content and for which the water within the material can react to changes in the ambient conditions. Such materials may even be said to have the potential for 'smart' behaviour, i.e. they can react to changes in the environment to bring about advantageous changes in properties, either within the material itself or in the material-tooth complex. The controlled movement of water or aqueous media through the material may cause changes in dimensions, may be the carrier for various dissolved species, and may influence the potential for the formation of biofilms at the surface. Some of these issues may be closely interrelated. Clearly, materials which do not have the capacity for water transport or storage do not have the potential for this sort of behaviour. Some materials which are normally resistant to the healthy oral environment can undergo controlled degradation at low pH in order to release ions which may prove beneficial or protective. It is doubtful whether such behaviour should be classified as 'smart' because the material cannot readily return to its original condition when the stimulus is removed. Other materials, such as certain alloys, having no means of transporting water through their structure, can display smart behaviour by undergoing predictable changes in structure in response to applied mechanical or thermal stimuli. It has been difficult to harness such behaviour to the benefit of patients but progress in this area is slowly being made.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Biomimetic Materials; Dental Materials; Dentistry; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Membranes, Artificial; Phase Transition; Wettability
PubMed: 21564111
DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01291.x -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Dec 2021Zirconia-based dental materials are extensively used in clinical practice due to their tooth-like appearance, biofunctionality, biocompatibility, and affordability.... (Review)
Review
Zirconia-based dental materials are extensively used in clinical practice due to their tooth-like appearance, biofunctionality, biocompatibility, and affordability. However, premature clinical failures of veneering porcelains raise a concern about their integrity. Extensive studies have been performed over a decade to resolve this issue, but it is challenging to reference all information effectively. A single source identifying the significance of potential parameters on material performance has not previously been available. An evidence-based meta-narrative review technique was used to review the characteristic parameters that can affect the overall behaviour of zirconia-based materials. Keywords were chosen to assess manuscripts based on scientific coherence with this paper's research objective. Online keyword searches were carried out on ScienceDirect, PubMed, and SAGE databases for relevant published manuscripts from year 1985-2020.261 out of 3170 identified manuscripts were included. A total of 10 parameters were identified and classified into the material, manufacturing, and geometric aspects. The effect of every parameter was reviewed on the performance of the material. A discrepancy in findings was observed and is attributed to the fact that there is no standard methodology. This review acts as a single source that summarizes various parameters' contribution to zirconia-based dental materials' performance. This review facilitates manufacturing improvements by accounting for every parameter's effect on overall performance.
Topics: Dental Porcelain; Dental Veneers; Zirconium
PubMed: 34600431
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104861 -
Pediatrics Oct 2010Dental sealants and composite filling materials containing bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives are increasingly used in childhood dentistry. Evidence is accumulating that BPA... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Dental sealants and composite filling materials containing bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives are increasingly used in childhood dentistry. Evidence is accumulating that BPA and some BPA derivatives can pose health risks attributable to their endocrine-disrupting, estrogenic properties.
OBJECTIVES
To systematically compile and critically evaluate the literature characterizing BPA content of dental materials; to assess BPA exposures from dental materials and potential health risks; and to develop evidence-based guidance for reducing BPA exposures while promoting oral health.
METHODS
The extant toxicological literature and material safety data sheets were used as data sources.
RESULTS
BPA is released from dental resins through salivary enzymatic hydrolysis of BPA derivatives, and BPA is detectable in saliva for up to 3 hours after resin placement. The quantity and duration of systemic BPA absorption is not clear from the available data. Dental products containing the bisphenol A derivative glycidyl dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) are less likely to be hydrolyzed to BPA and have less estrogenicity than those containing bisphenol A dimethacrylate (bis-DMA). Most other BPA derivatives used in dental materials have not been evaluated for estrogenicity. BPA exposure can be reduced by cleaning and rinsing surfaces of sealants and composites immediately after placement.
CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of the proven benefits of resin-based dental materials and the brevity of BPA exposure, we recommend continued use with strict adherence to precautionary application techniques. Use of these materials should be minimized during pregnancy whenever possible. Manufacturers should be required to report complete information on the chemical composition of dental products and encouraged to develop materials with less estrogenic potential.
Topics: Benzhydryl Compounds; Dental Materials; Humans; Phenols; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resins, Synthetic
PubMed: 20819896
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-2693 -
BioMed Research International 2022Innovations in digital manufacturing enabled the fabrication of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (ISFDPs) in a wide variety of recently introduced materials.... (Review)
Review
Innovations in digital manufacturing enabled the fabrication of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (ISFDPs) in a wide variety of recently introduced materials. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling allows the fabrication of ISFDPs with high accuracy by reducing the fabrication steps of large-span frameworks. The longevity of ISFDPs depends on the overall mechanical properties of the framework material including its fit, and the physical properties of the veneering material and its bond with the framework. This comprehensive review summarizes the recent information on millable CAD-CAM framework materials such as pre-sintered soft alloys, fiber-reinforced composite resins, PEEK, and PEKK in high-performance polymer family, and 4Y-TZP. Even though promising results have been obtained with the use of new generation millable CAD-CAM materials for ISFDPs, clinical studies are lacking and future research should focus on the overall performance of these millable materials in both static and dynamic conditions.
Topics: Composite Resins; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Materials; Dental Prosthesis Design; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Materials Testing; Polymers; Prostheses and Implants; Zirconium
PubMed: 35281596
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3074182 -
Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology Feb 2022To determine the effect of different dental lab materials on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) metal artifact at different resolutions.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the effect of different dental lab materials on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) metal artifact at different resolutions.
METHODS
A total of seven common dental lab materials were molded to a dental sextant of four extracted, restored teeth. In addition to base alone (control), each material was scanned using the Carestream 9600 CBCT unit at three resolutions - 0.3 mm, 0.15 mm, and 0.075 mm - at manufacturer established exposure parameters. A single, representative axial view of each trial was evaluated for metal artifact both quantitatively by histogram analysis and qualitatively by profile plot analysis in ImageJ.
RESULTS
No statistically significant differences between the control and the dental materials were found; however, post-hoc tests showed significance between Blu-mousse and polyvinyl siloxane with dental materials and control, predominantly in lower resolutions.
CONCLUSIONS
The current study provides initial evidence on the influence of dental materials have on CBCT metal artifact as described by beam hardening, photon starvation, scatter, and noise, especially at lower resolutions. Blu-Mousse and polyvinyl siloxane reduced the perceived beam hardening and photon starvation artifact the greatest, relative to other materials, at all three resolutions and lower resolutions, respectively.
Topics: Artifacts; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dental Materials; Humans
PubMed: 34406821
DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210302 -
Schweizer Monatsschrift Fur Zahnmedizin... 2013Zirconia is currently extensively used in medicine, especially in orthopedic surgery for various joint replacement appliances. Its outstanding mechanical and chemical... (Review)
Review
Zirconia is currently extensively used in medicine, especially in orthopedic surgery for various joint replacement appliances. Its outstanding mechanical and chemical properties have made it the "material of choice" for various types of prostheses. Its color in particular makes it a favored material to manufacture dental implants. A literature search through Medline enables one to see zirconia's potential but also to point out and identify its weaknesses. The search shows that zirconia is a biocompatible, osteoconductive material that has the ability to osseointegrate. Its strength of bonding to bone depends on the surface structure of the implant. Although interesting, the studies do not allow for the recommendation of the use of zirconia implants in daily practice. The lack of studies examining the chemical and structural composition of zirconia implants does not allow for a "gold standard" to be established in the implant manufacturing process. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) are urgently needed on surface treatments of zirconia implants intended to achieve the best possible osseointegration.
Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Biotransformation; Color; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dental Stress Analysis; Hardness; Humans; Mechanical Phenomena; Osseointegration; Zirconium
PubMed: 23965893
DOI: No ID Found