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Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2009There are several studies about the cytotoxic effects of dental materials in contact with the pulp tissue, such as calcium hydroxide (CH), adhesive systems, resin... (Review)
Review
There are several studies about the cytotoxic effects of dental materials in contact with the pulp tissue, such as calcium hydroxide (CH), adhesive systems, resin composite and glass ionomer cements. The aim of this review article was to summarize and discuss the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of materials used for protection of the dentin-pulp complex, some components of resin composites and adhesive systems when placed in direct or indirect contact with the pulp tissue. A large number of dental materials present cytotoxic effects when applied close or directly to the pulp, and the only material that seems to stimulate early pulp repair and dentin hard tissue barrier formation is CH.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Dental Cements; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin; Humans
PubMed: 20027424
DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000600002 -
PloS One 2018Provisional restorations represent an important phase during the rehabilitation process, knowledge of the mechanical properties of the available materials allows us to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
Provisional restorations represent an important phase during the rehabilitation process, knowledge of the mechanical properties of the available materials allows us to predict their clinical performance. At present, there is no systematic review, which supports the clinicians' criteria, in the selection of a specific material over another for a particular clinical situation. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess and compare the mechanical properties of dimethacrylates and monomethacrylates used in fabricating direct provisional restorations, in terms of flexural strength, fracture toughness and hardness. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, the New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report and were complemented by hand-searching, with no limitation of time or language up to January 10, 2017. Studies that assess and compare the mechanical properties of dimethacrylate- and monomethacrylate-based provisional restoration materials were selected. A quality assessment of full-text articles were performed according to modified ARRIVE and CONSORT criteria and modified Cochrane Collaboration's tool for in vitro studies. Initially, 256 articles were identified. After removing the duplicates and applying the selection criteria, 24 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and 7 were included in the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). It may be concluded that dimethacrylate-based provisional restorations presented better mechanical behavior than monomethacrylate-based ones in terms of flexural strength and hardness. Fracture toughness showed no significant differences. Within the monomethacrylate group, polymethylmethacrylate showed greater flexural strength than polyethylmethacrylate.
Topics: Dental Materials; Humans; Materials Testing; Polymethacrylic Acids; Stress, Mechanical
PubMed: 29489883
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193162 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023This research addresses the development of a formalized approach to dental material selection (DMS) in manufacturing removable complete dentures (RDC). Three types of...
This research addresses the development of a formalized approach to dental material selection (DMS) in manufacturing removable complete dentures (RDC). Three types of commercially available polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) grades, processed by an identical Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printer, were compared. In this way, a combination of mechanical, tribological, technological, microbiological, and economic factors was assessed. The material indices were calculated to compare dental materials for a set of functional parameters related to feedstock cost. However, this did not solve the problem of simultaneous consideration of all the material indices, including their significance. The developed DMS procedure employs the extended VIKOR method, based on the analysis of interval quantitative estimations, which allowed the carrying out of a fully fledged analysis of alternatives. The proposed approach has the potential to enhance the efficiency of prosthetic treatment by optimizing the DMS procedure, taking into consideration the prosthesis design and its production route.
Topics: Denture, Complete; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Prosthesis Design; Technology; Dental Materials; Computer-Aided Design
PubMed: 37047405
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076432 -
Scanning 2020Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAP) are receiving considerable attention for dental applications, and their adhesion to enamel is well established. However, there...
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAP) are receiving considerable attention for dental applications, and their adhesion to enamel is well established. However, there are no reports concerning the effects of HAP on other dental materials, and most of the studies in this field are based on designs, neglecting the salivary pellicle-apatite interactions. Thus, this pilot study aims to evaluate the effects of three hydroxyapatite-based solutions and their interactions with different dental material surfaces under oral conditions. Hence, two volunteers carried intraoral splints with mounted samples from enamel and from three dental materials: titanium, ceramics, and polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA). Three HAP watery solutions (5%) were prepared with different shapes and sizes of nano-HAP (HAP I, HAP II, HAP III). After 3 min of pellicle formation, 10 ml rinse was performed during 30 sec. Rinsing with water served as control. Samples were accessed immediately after rinsing, 30 min and 2 h after rinsing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the particles, and SEM evaluated the pellicle-HAP interactions. SEM and TEM results showed a high variation in the size range of the particles applied. A heterogeneous HAP layer was present after 2 h on enamel, titanium, ceramics, and PMMA surfaces under oral conditions. Bridge-like structures were visible between the nano-HAP and the pellicle formed on enamel, titanium, and PMMA surfaces. In conclusion, nano-HAP can adhere not only to enamel but also to artificial dental surfaces under oral conditions. The experiment showed that the acquired pellicle act as a bridge between the nano-HAP and the materials' surface.
Topics: Adult; Bacterial Adhesion; Ceramics; Dental Materials; Durapatite; Female; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nanoparticles; Pilot Projects; Surface Properties; Titanium; Tooth Erosion
PubMed: 32454927
DOI: 10.1155/2020/6065739 -
Bond durability and surface states of titanium, Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and zirconia for implant materials.Journal of Prosthodontic Research Apr 2022Screw-retained implant crowns used as dental implants comprise a zirconia coping and titanium base bonded using resin cement. These devices are prone to debonding...
PURPOSE
Screw-retained implant crowns used as dental implants comprise a zirconia coping and titanium base bonded using resin cement. These devices are prone to debonding failures. This study investigated the bond characteristics of implant materials based on shear bond strength (SBS) and surface characteristics.
METHODS
Chemically pure (CP) titanium grade-4 (Ti), Ti-6Al-4V alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), and tetragonal polycrystalline zirconia (zirconia) were evaluated as adherent materials. Plates of each material were polished, primed for the respective resin cements, and cemented using either methyl methacrylate-based resin cement (Super-Bond) or composite-based resin cement (Panavia). The cemented samples were subjected to 10,000 thermocycles alternating between 5 and 55 °C, and the SBS were obtained before and after thermocycling. The sample surfaces were characterized based on surface observations, roughness, and free energy (SFE).
RESULTS
The SBSs of all materials bonded using Panavia were significantly compromised during thermocycling and reached zero. Although the SBSs of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V bonded using Super-Bond were not significantly affected by thermocycling, those of zirconia decreased significantly. The bond durability between zirconia and Super-Bond was improved via alumina air-abrasion, which caused no significant loss of SBS after thermocycling. Surface analyses of the air-abraded zirconia validated these results and confirmed that its surface roughness and SFE were significantly increased.
CONCLUSION
The bond durability between resin cement and zirconia was lower than that between Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. The alumina air-abrasion pretreatment of zirconia improved the SFE and surface roughness, thereby enhancing bond durability.
Topics: Alloys; Aluminum Oxide; Dental Bonding; Dental Materials; Materials Testing; Resin Cements; Shear Strength; Surface Properties; Titanium; Zirconium
PubMed: 34470984
DOI: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_20_00297 -
Polimery W Medycynie 2015Conservative treatment which restores the function, aesthetics and protects remaining tooth structure, and what is the most important, the viability of the tooth pulp,... (Review)
Review
Conservative treatment which restores the function, aesthetics and protects remaining tooth structure, and what is the most important, the viability of the tooth pulp, is still needed. Dental fillings replace specialized tissues of the tooth that have been lost due to caries or injury. Any decision concerning the use of a particular restorative material should be individualized and based on the competence regarding the composition, properties and characteristics of the specific restorative material. This requires continuous updating of knowledge about available dental materials as well as education of patients who, according to actual models of dental care, should be active partners in the therapeutic process. The selection of restorative materials is often related to financial abilities of the patients, and more generally to the economic model of organized health care in a particular country. Nowadays, amalgam is increasingly dislodged by adhesive materials which permit to save more tooth structure and allow to preserve natural teeth for a longer time. In the nearest future we can expect further development of minimally invasive techniques and improvements of restorative materials, especially their mechanical properties like strength and wear resistance as well as biocompatibility. The article presents restorative materials used in modern dentistry.
Topics: Dental Materials; Dental Restoration Repair; Forecasting
PubMed: 26630728
DOI: No ID Found -
Dental Materials Journal Jun 2019This review focusses on tribological aspects of teeth during function, the clinical significance of wear, wear of natural teeth and restorative materials and laboratory... (Review)
Review
This review focusses on tribological aspects of teeth during function, the clinical significance of wear, wear of natural teeth and restorative materials and laboratory methods to simulate wear of restorative materials. Ceramic, metal alloy and amalgam show low material wear, whereas resin-based materials demonstrate substantial wear in the long term. The clinical wear shows a high variability with the patient factor accounts for about 50% of the variability. Wear as such seldomly compromises the function of the stomatognath system or individual teeth and is in most cases an esthetic problem. Particles that are ingested due to attrition and abrasion wear may pose a health risk to the patient, especially those from composite resin materials. However, systematic clinical studies on that issue are not available. For laboratory research many wear simulation devices and methods have been developed but only few are validated and have a moderate correlation with clinical wear.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Wear; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Materials Testing; Surface Properties
PubMed: 30918233
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-140 -
Dental Materials Journal Nov 2022The present study examined color changes in the tooth-colored restorative materials, zirconia (3Y-TZP), resin composite, and porcelain. The colors (CIELab) of these...
The present study examined color changes in the tooth-colored restorative materials, zirconia (3Y-TZP), resin composite, and porcelain. The colors (CIELab) of these materials were measured using a spectrophotometer. Specimens were immersed in black tea or curry for 1 and 7 days, after which colors were re-assessed. Color differences (∆Eab) before and after immersion were calculated. Specimens after the 7-day immersion were ultrasonically cleaned, and colors were measured again to assess the color recovery rate. The surface free energy, roughness, and water sorption/solubility of each material were also evaluated. Specimens were observed under a scanning electron microscope. The ∆Eab of 3Y-TZP was the smallest with both immersions. Resin composite had the smallest recovery rate. The surface free energy and roughness of 3Y-TZP were smaller than those of porcelain. 3Y-TZP and porcelain showed almost no sorption during the 7-day period. The present results revealed that 3Y-TZP exhibited the strongest resistance to discoloration.
Topics: Dental Porcelain; Water; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Zirconium; Dental Materials; Composite Resins; Beverages; Lipids; Color
PubMed: 35793942
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-021 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Oct 2016Childhood caries (tooth decay) consists of a form of tooth decay that affects the milk teeth (also known as baby or primary teeth) of children. This may range from tooth... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Childhood caries (tooth decay) consists of a form of tooth decay that affects the milk teeth (also known as baby or primary teeth) of children. This may range from tooth decay in a single tooth to rampant caries affecting all the teeth in the mouth. Primary teeth in young children are vital to their development and every effort should be made to retain these teeth for as long as is possible. Dental fillings or restorations have been used as an intervention to repair these damaged teeth. Oral health professionals need to make astute decisions about the type of restorative (filling) material they choose to best manage their patients with childhood caries. This decision is by no means an easy one as remarkable advances in dental restorative materials over the last 10 years has seen the introduction of a multitude of different filling materials claiming to provide the best performance in terms of durability, aesthetics, symptom relief, etc when placed in the mouth. This review sought to compare the different types of dental materials against each other for the same outcomes.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this review was to compare the outcomes (including pain relief, survival and aesthetics) for restorative materials used to treat caries in the primary dentition in children. Additionally, the restoration of teeth was compared with extraction and no treatment.
SEARCH METHODS
Electronic searches of the following databases were undertaken: the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (up to January 2009); CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2009, Issue1); MEDLINE (1966 to January 2009); EMBASE (1996 to January 2009); SIGLE (1976 to 2004); and conference proceedings on early childhood caries, restorative materials for paediatric dentistry, and material sciences conferences for dental materials used for children's dentistry (1990 to 2008). The searches attempted to identify all relevant studies irrespective of language.Additionally, the reference lists from articles of eligible papers were searched, handsearching of key journals was undertaken, and personal communication with authors and manufacturers of dental materials was initiated to increase the pool of suitable trials (both published and unpublished) for inclusion into this review.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-randomised controlled trials with a minimum period of 6 months follow up were included. Both parallel group and split-mouth study designs were considered. The unit of randomisation could be the individual, group (school, school class, etc), tooth or tooth pair. Included studies had a drop-out rate of less than 30%. The eligible trials consisted of young children (children less than 12 years) with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition which was symptomatic or symptom free at the start of the study.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data were independently extracted, in duplicate, by two review authors. Disagreements were resolved by consultation with a third review author. Authors were contacted for missing or unclear information regarding randomisation, allocation sequence, presentation of data, etc. A quality assessment of included trials was undertaken. The Cochrane Collaboration statistical guidelines were followed for data analysis.
MAIN RESULTS
Only three studies were included in this review. The Fuks 1999 study assessed the clinical performance of aesthetic crowns versus conventional stainless steel crowns in 11 children who had at least two mandibular primary molars that required a crown restoration. The outcomes assessed at 6 months included gingival health (odds ratio (OR) 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01 to 8.32), restoration failure (OR 3.29; 95% CI 0.12 to 89.81), occlusion, proximal contact and marginal integrity. The odds ratios for occlusion, proximal contact and marginal integrity could not be estimated as no events were recorded at the 6-month evaluation. The Donly 1999 split-mouth study compared a resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) with amalgam over a 36-month period. Forty pairs of Class II restorations were placed in 40 patients (21 males; 19 females; mean age 8 years +/- 1.17; age range 6 to 9 years). Although the study period was 3 years (36 months), only the 6- and 12-month results are reported due to the loss to follow up of patients being greater than 30% for the 24- and 36-month data. Marks 1999a recruited 30 patients (age range 4 to 9 years; mean age 6.7 years, standard deviation 2.3) with one pair of primary molars that required a Class II restoration. The materials tested were Dyract (compomer) and Tytin (amalgam). Loss to follow up at 24 and 36 months was 20% and 43% respectively. This meant that only the 24-month data were useable. For all of the outcomes compared in all three studies, there were no significant differences in clinical performance between the materials tested.No studies were found that compared restorations versus extractions or no treatment as an intervention in children with childhood caries.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
It was disappointing that only three trials that compared three different types of materials were suitable for inclusion into this review. There were no significant differences found in all three trials for all of the outcomes assessed. Well designed, randomised controlled trials comparing the different types of filling materials for similar outcomes are urgently needed in dentistry. There was insufficient evidence from the three included trials to make any recommendations about which filling material to use.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Compomers; Composite Resins; Crowns; Dental Alloys; Dental Amalgam; Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 27748505
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004483.pub3 -
Clinical Oral Investigations May 2022To evaluate clinical performance of the new CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics and compare it with ceramic partial coverage restorations. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate clinical performance of the new CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics and compare it with ceramic partial coverage restorations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search of 3 databases (The National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed), Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) was conducted. English clinical studies published between 2005 and September 2020 that evaluated the clinical performance of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics inlays, onlays, or overlays were selected. The primary clinical question was applied according to PICOS strategy (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study design). The included studies were individually evaluated for risk of bias according to the modified Cochrane Collaboration tool criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 7 studies were included according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the included studies, 6 were randomized clinical trials while one study was longitudinal observational study without control group. According to the results of the included studies, the success rate of CAD/CAM resin-based composite ranged from 85.7 to 100% whereas the success rate reported for ceramic partial coverage restorations ranged from 93.3 to 100%. Fractures and debondings are found to be the most common cause of restorations failure.
CONCLUSION
CAD/CAM resin-based composite can be considered a reliable material for partial coverage restorations with clinical performance similar to glass ceramic restorations. However, this result needs to be confirmed in long-term evaluations.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
CAD/CAM resin-based composites provide a potential alternative to ceramic indirect restorations. However, clinicians must be aware of the lake of knowledge regarding long-term outcome.
Topics: Ceramics; Composite Resins; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Inlays; Longitudinal Studies; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 35320383
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04449-2