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Case Reports in Gastroenterology 2021Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon illness that is characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Patients typically present with nausea, vomiting, and...
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon illness that is characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Patients typically present with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, which can further progress into signs associated with liver failure, including jaundice, encephalopathy, and coagulopathy. The most common causes of BCS include pathologies that induce portal vein thrombosis, such as myeloproliferative disorders, malignancy, and acquired hypercoagulable states. In this case report, a patient who presented with abdominal pain and distention is diagnosed with BCS caused by an unusual etiology. He was found to have significant eosinophilia, prompting additional evaluation for parasitic infections. Using stool diagnostics/studies, he was found to have trophozoites. The patient was treated with enoxaparin, warfarin, and metronidazole with a resolution of his symptoms. This case outlines a novel cause of BCS as well as the proposed mechanism of induction of BCS.
PubMed: 34616241
DOI: 10.1159/000516210 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2023Non-human primates (NHPs) living in captive conditions are susceptible to intestinal parasites that can contribute to mortality and morbidity, and cause zoonotic...
Non-human primates (NHPs) living in captive conditions are susceptible to intestinal parasites that can contribute to mortality and morbidity, and cause zoonotic infections. Thus, parasite surveys on NHP populations under human care are relevant as part of the evaluation of NHPs welfare and in the zoonotic disease risk assessment, as well as in the exploration of parasite transmission pathways, according to the One-Health concept. This study aimed to identify intestinal parasites infecting NHPs living in two wildlife recovery centers and in a zoological garden, in Italy. Ninety-three fecal samples from and were collected at Piano dell'Abatino Park (Lazio), and fecal smears and flotation were performed in order to identify parasites according to morphological keys. Additionally, one carcass of from the Bioparco Zoological Garden of Rome (Lazio) and one of from the Center for the Recovery of Exotic and Maremma Wild Animals (Tuscany) were necropsied and intestinal adult nematodes were collected and characterized at morphological and molecular level, using the mitochondrial cox1 and rrnL markers. Protozoans (-like, sp.), chromists ( sp.) and nematodes ( sp., sp., strongyliform larvae and sp.) were found through fecal smears and flotation. The collected adult nematodes from dead NHPs were morphologically identified as whipworms (genus ). Phylogenetic analyses grouped specimens into the complex of species, with specimens from clustering into a host-specific branch, and whipworms from clustering within a clade formed by infecting several primate species, including humans. The results here collected revealed the presence of potentially zoonotic parasites circulating in captive primates in Italy, providing useful information for the formulation of management and care plans for captive NHPs, and for the elaboration of safety measures for visitors and animal keepers.
PubMed: 38264469
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1270202 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Dec 2012The role of Dientamoeba fragilis in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is incompletely known. We aimed to investigate whether eradication of D. fragilis alleviates symptoms...
The role of Dientamoeba fragilis in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is incompletely known. We aimed to investigate whether eradication of D. fragilis alleviates symptoms in IBS. Twenty-five D. fragilis-positive IBS patients were treated with Metronidazole (MZ) or Tetracycline. The patients were mostly female (89%), and mean age (SD) was 35.1 (8.2) years. Microbiological response, evaluated 2 weeks post-treatment, was observed in 15 of 25 patients (60%), all by MZ. Clinical response, defined as adequate relief of symptoms, was observed in 7 of 22 patients (32%), all by MZ. In a logistic regression analysis, we found no significant association between clinical and microbiological response. This case study did not support our hypothesis of a simple association between D. fragilis and IBS. Some D. fragilis-infections were insufficiently treated by MZ. Further studies into the prevalence and effect of eradication of D. fragilis in IBS and into efficient treatments of D. fragilis are warranted.
Topics: Adult; Antiprotozoal Agents; Denmark; Dientamoeba; Dientamoebiasis; Feces; Female; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Male; Metronidazole
PubMed: 23091195
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0761 -
Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi Jun 2019Intestinal infections are common in the elderly, presented with atypical symptoms and may be the cause of mortality with a more severe clinical manifestation. The...
OBJECTIVE
Intestinal infections are common in the elderly, presented with atypical symptoms and may be the cause of mortality with a more severe clinical manifestation. The weakening of cellular and humoral immunity by aging affects the intestinal flora and increases the risk of infection in the presence of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of possible parasitic agents in the intestinal system of ≥65-year-old nursing home residents through fecal examination, and to determine the demographic features (age and gender) of this elderly group.
METHODS
A total of 82 stool samples were examined (100x, 40x) with saline and iodine preparations, formol-ethyl acetate concentration process, trichrome and modified Erlich Ziehl Neelsen stained preparations.
RESULTS
One or more parasitological agents were detected in 17 (20.7%) of the 82 stool samples examined. The most common agent was spp. (13.4%), followed by spp. (2.4%) and (2.4%).
CONCLUSION
In this study, it was determined that attention should be given to elderly population with regard to intestinal parasitic infections. Because of changes in the immune system, more opportunistic factors could be detected. More frequent screening in public areas such as nursing homes is important for preventing infections.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Blastocystis Infections; Cryptosporidiosis; Dientamoebiasis; Entamoebiasis; Feces; Female; Giardia lamblia; Giardiasis; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Middle Aged; Nursing Homes; Prevalence
PubMed: 31204459
DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2019.6321 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... 1923
PubMed: 19983410
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Infectious... May 2006To describe the clinical and microbiological features of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infected patients, and to analyze the genetic variation of D. fragilis...
Clinical and microbiological features of dientamoebiasis in patients suspected of suffering from a parasitic gastrointestinal illness: a comparison of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infections.
OBJECTIVES
To describe the clinical and microbiological features of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infected patients, and to analyze the genetic variation of D. fragilis strains.
METHODS
For a period of two years, all stool samples collected from patients suspected of having a parasitic gastrointestinal infection were examined according to our specific triple feces test (TFT) protocol. A retrospective case-control study was performed on D. fragilis and G. lamblia infected patients. Furthermore, PCR and genotyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were performed upon the former.
RESULTS
D. fragilis (6.3%) and G. lamblia (7.1%) were the most common pathogenic protozoa isolated out of 448 patients studied. Symptoms most frequently encountered with D. fragilis and G. lamblia infection were abdominal pain (69.2% and 72.4%, respectively) and diarrhea (61.5% and 79.3%, respectively). However, patients with D. fragilis infections suffered significantly less frequently from nausea and/or vomiting, anorexia and weight loss. After treatment, all D. fragilis and G. lamblia infected patients presenting a negative TFT follow-up also reported a complete resolution of their symptoms. Only genotype 1 could be detected in D. fragilis infected patients.
CONCLUSIONS
D. fragilis and G. lamblia were the most frequently encountered parasites in our study population. Improved diagnostic tests are essential tools to study the prevalence and pathogenesis of D. fragilis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Dientamoeba; Dientamoebiasis; Female; Genotype; Giardia lamblia; Giardiasis; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 16469517
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2005.05.011 -
Parasite (Paris, France) Jun 2005Giardia duodenalis is a well recognised enteropathogen, while Dientamoeba fragilis is rarely detected and consequently it is not recognised as an important human...
Giardia duodenalis is a well recognised enteropathogen, while Dientamoeba fragilis is rarely detected and consequently it is not recognised as an important human pathogen. In 2002-2003, a survey has been carried out on enteroparasites in faecal samples of outpatients attending a day care centre in the town of Perugia (Central Italy). To improve the detection level, at least three samples from each patient were collected at different days and within two hours from defecation. The coproparasitological examination has been carried out by direct microscopic examination, faecal concentration, and Giemsa and modified Ziehl-Nielsen stainings of faecal smears. The genotypes of Giardia duodenalis isolates were determined by PCR of the beta-giardin gene. Of 1,989 enrolled people (966 children, 1,023 adults), 165 persons (8.3%; 153 adults, 15.0%; 12 children, 1.2%), were positive for parasites, but only 1 12 adults (73.2% of those infected) and eight children (66.7% of those infected) harboured D. fragilis and G. duodenalis. Both the Assemblages A and B were detected in 18 G. duodenalis isolates examined at the beta-giardin gene. The higher prevalence of D. fragilis infections than that of G. duodenalis is probably related to the method used, a procedure, which is rarely followed in laboratories for the diagnosis of enteric parasites. These epidemiological data suggest that when faecal samples are examined after a period of time and without Giemsa staining, most D. fragilis infections goes undetected.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Day Care, Medical; Dientamoeba; Dientamoebiasis; Feces; Female; Giardia; Giardiasis; Humans; Infant; Italy; Male; Prevalence; Species Specificity
PubMed: 15991830
DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2005122165 -
Helminthologia Mar 2023Cooks have an important role in the dissemination and transmission of enteropathogenic microorganisms, including intestinal parasites such as sp. responsible for...
Cooks have an important role in the dissemination and transmission of enteropathogenic microorganisms, including intestinal parasites such as sp. responsible for blastocystosis. Blastocystis is a unicellular, anaerobic, eukaryotic protist that colonizes the intestinal tract of many hosts. It is the most common parasite found in human stool. It can be the cause of acute digestive disorders which could lead to chronic syndromes such as irritable bowel syndrome. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of this protozoan in cooks in the Fez-Meknes region. This is a retrospective descriptive analytical study carried out in the Parasitology-Mycology laboratory of the Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes. Out of a total of 200 parasitological examinations of cooks' stools, 88 (44 %) cases were positive for intestinal parasites. sp. is the most frequently encountered protozoan in our study. It represents 39.78 % of those infected. It is associated in 48.57 % of cases with another intestinal parasite. () is the most found in 31.43 % of co-infections, respectively followed by () (8.57 %), () (5.71 %) and () (2.86 %). Our results showed a high prevalence of sp. in the kitchen staff population. These workers must be considered as reservoirs of this microorganism, and therefore a source of infection in those around them. Consequently, preventive measures are necessary, including raising awareness among this population in order to effectively fight against the infestation by this protozoan in particular and other parasites in general.
PubMed: 38659650
DOI: 10.2478/helm-2023-0002 -
The British Journal of General Practice... Feb 2013
Topics: Communicable Diseases; Humans; Internationality; Male; Public Health; Travel
PubMed: 23561675
DOI: 10.3399/bjgp13X663028