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Nutrients Oct 2022Some patients use dietary supplements and medicines concomitantly, with an inappropriate perception of their safety and efficacy. To clarify the perception between...
Some patients use dietary supplements and medicines concomitantly, with an inappropriate perception of their safety and efficacy. To clarify the perception between dietary supplement and medicine users and non-users, we conducted an internet survey. In this survey, 38.9% of participants used dietary supplements, 32.6% used prescription medicines, and 14.7% used dietary supplements and prescription medicines concomitantly. Then, we conducted a further survey on four groups, dietary supplement and prescription medicine users, dietary supplement only users, prescription medicine only users, and non-users (500 each). Dietary supplement users had favorable outcomes in terms of both the safety and efficacy of dietary supplements compared to dietary supplement non-users. This perception of dietary supplements was independent from medicine use. The awareness of the Health Food Network consumer navigation site, which provides information about dietary supplements for consumers, was the highest among dietary supplement and prescription medicine users, but it was still low (2.2%). In conclusion, consumers who use dietary supplement and prescription medicine concomitantly have favorable outcomes for their safety and efficacy and a low awareness of their interaction. There is a need to provide information, especially regarding the risk of interaction, that takes into account the consumer's situation.
Topics: Dietary Supplements; Humans; Perception; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36235766
DOI: 10.3390/nu14194114 -
International Journal of Sport... Mar 2018The use of dietary supplements is widespread among athletes in all sports and at all levels of competition, as it is in the general population. For the athlete training... (Review)
Review
The use of dietary supplements is widespread among athletes in all sports and at all levels of competition, as it is in the general population. For the athlete training at the limits of what is sustainable, or for those seeking a shortcut to achieving their aims, supplements offer the prospect of bridging the gap between success and failure. Surveys show, however, that this is often not an informed choice and that the knowledge level among consumers is often low and that they are often influenced in their decisions by individuals with an equally inadequate understanding of the issues at stake. Supplement use may do more harm than good, unless it is based on a sound analysis of the evidence. Where a deficiency of an essential nutrient has been established by appropriate investigations, supplementation can provide a rapid and effective correction of the problem. Supplements can also provide a convenient and time-efficient solution to achieving the necessary intake of key nutrients such as protein and carbohydrate. Athletes contemplating the use of supplements should consider the potential for both positive and negative outcomes. Some ergogenic supplements may be of benefit to some athletes in some specific contexts, but many are less effective than is claimed. Some may be harmful to health of performance and some may contain agents prohibited by anti-doping regulations. Athletes should make informed choices that maximize the benefits while minimizing the risks.
Topics: Athletes; Athletic Performance; Decision Making; Dietary Supplements; Doping in Sports; Humans; Performance-Enhancing Substances; Risk Assessment; Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
PubMed: 29565185
DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0009 -
Nutrients Oct 2021The use of dietary supplements is common in the general population and even more prevalent among cancer survivors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for...
The use of dietary supplements is common in the general population and even more prevalent among cancer survivors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research specifies that dietary supplements should not be used for cancer prevention. Several dietary supplements have potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions that may change their clinical efficacy or potentiate adverse effects of the adjuvant endocrine therapy prescribed for breast cancer treatment. This analysis examined the prevalence of self-reported dietary supplement use and the potential interactions with tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) among breast cancer survivors enrolled in three randomized controlled trials of lifestyle interventions conducted between 2010 and 2017. The potential interactions with tamoxifen and AIs were identified using the Natural Medicine Database. Among 475 breast cancer survivors (2.9 (mean) or 2.5 (standard deviation) years from diagnosis), 393 (83%) reported using dietary supplements. A total of 108 different types of dietary supplements were reported and 36 potential adverse interactions with tamoxifen or AIs were identified. Among the 353 women taking tamoxifen or AIs, 38% were taking dietary supplements with a potential risk of interactions. We observed a high prevalence of dietary supplement use among breast cancer survivors and the potential for adverse interactions between the prescribed endocrine therapy and dietary supplements was common.
Topics: Aromatase Inhibitors; Breast Neoplasms; Cancer Survivors; Dietary Supplements; Female; Food-Drug Interactions; Humans; Life Style; Middle Aged; Tamoxifen
PubMed: 34835986
DOI: 10.3390/nu13113730 -
Public Health Nutrition Apr 2021To date, there have been few studies on dietary supplement (DS) use in Korean children and adolescents, using nationally representative data. This study aimed to...
OBJECTIVE
To date, there have been few studies on dietary supplement (DS) use in Korean children and adolescents, using nationally representative data. This study aimed to investigate the current status of DS use and its related factors, among Korean children and adolescents from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Data from the KNHANES 2015-2017. Participants completed 24-h dietary recall interviews, including DS products that the subjects consumed.
PARTICIPANTS
The study population was 4380 children and adolescents aged 1-18 years.
RESULTS
Approximately 20.3 % of children and adolescents were using DS; the highest use was among children aged 1–3 years old, and the lowest use was among adolescents aged 16–18 years. The most frequently used DS was prebiotics/probiotics, followed by multivitamin/mineral supplements. Factors that were associated with DS use were lower birth weight in children aged <4 years; younger age, higher household income, regular breakfast intake and lower BMI in children aged 4-9 years; and regular breakfast intake and use of nutrition facts label in adolescents aged 10-18 years. Feeding patterns in infancy and having chronic diseases were not associated with DS use.
CONCLUSIONS
We report that over 20 % of children and adolescents use DS. Nutritional education for parents and children about proper DS consumption is needed.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Infant; Nutrition Surveys; Republic of Korea; Vitamins
PubMed: 33040740
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020003419 -
The Journal of Pediatrics Apr 2021To characterize dietary supplement use among US children, including product type, motivations, user characteristics, and trends over time with a primary focus on...
OBJECTIVES
To characterize dietary supplement use among US children, including product type, motivations, user characteristics, and trends over time with a primary focus on non-vitamin/non-mineral dietary supplements (NVNM).
STUDY DESIGN
Overall, NVNM, and vitamin and/or mineral dietary supplement only (VM-only) use; motivations for use; and trends in use over time were examined in children (≤19 years of age) using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2016 data (n = 42 510).
RESULTS
Between 1999 and 2016, overall dietary supplement and VM-only dietary supplement use among all children remained relatively stable at ∼30%; yet, NVNM dietary supplement use increased from 2.9% to 6.4%, mainly due to increased use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. NVNM use was greater in boys than in girls (3.9% vs 3.3%), and greater in older children than in younger children (P < .0001), the opposite of what was observed with VM-only dietary supplement use. Although both user groups shared 2 primary motivations, both motivations were reported by a significantly greater percent of vitamin and/or mineral dietary supplement users vs NVNM users: to maintain health (38.7% vs 23.1%) and to improve health (33.1% vs 22.6%). NVNM users were much more likely to use dietary supplement for relaxation, stress, and sleep; for mental health; and for colon and bowel health.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the prevalence of any dietary supplement and VM-only dietary supplement use among US children has both remained stable, the prevalence of NVNM use has increased substantially over time. Yet, NVNM use remains relatively low overall. NVNM use exhibited different patterns by sex, age, and motivations when compared with vitamin and/or mineral dietary supplement use. Despite increasing NVNM use, high-quality evidence supporting their use is lacking, especially in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Minerals; Motivation; Nutrients; Nutrition Surveys; Time Factors; United States; Vitamins; Young Adult
PubMed: 33340548
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.12.021 -
Health Informatics Journal Jun 2020Many patients with mental disorders take dietary supplement, but their use patterns remain unclear. In this study, we developed a method to detect signals of...
Many patients with mental disorders take dietary supplement, but their use patterns remain unclear. In this study, we developed a method to detect signals of associations between dietary supplement intake and mental disorder in Twitter data. We developed an annotated dataset and trained a convolutional neural network classifier that can identify language use pattern of dietary supplement intake with an F1-score of 0.899, a precision of 0.900, and a recall of 0.900. Using the classifier, we discovered that melatonin and vitamin D were the most commonly used supplements among Twitter users who self-diagnosed mental disorders. Sentiment analysis using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count has shown that among Twitter users who posted mental disorder self-diagnosis, users who indicated supplement intake are more active and express more negative emotions and fewer positive emotions than those who have not mentioned supplement intake.
Topics: Dietary Supplements; Humans; Mental Disorders; Neural Networks, Computer; Social Media
PubMed: 31566452
DOI: 10.1177/1460458219867231 -
The American Journal of Clinical... Sep 2016The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Nutrient Data Laboratory (NDL) of the USDA Agricultural Research Service have worked independently on determining the...
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Nutrient Data Laboratory (NDL) of the USDA Agricultural Research Service have worked independently on determining the iodine content of foods and dietary supplements and are now harmonizing their efforts. The objective of the current article is to describe the harmonization plan and the results of initial iodine analyses accomplished under that plan. For many years, the FDA's Total Diet Study (TDS) has measured iodine concentrations in selected foods collected in 4 regions of the country each year. For more than a decade, the NDL has collected and analyzed foods as part of the National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program; iodine analysis is now being added to the program. The NDL recently qualified a commercial laboratory to conduct iodine analysis of foods by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Co-analysis of a set of samples by the commercial laboratory using the ICP-MS method and by the FDA laboratory using its standard colorimetric method yielded comparable results. The FDA recently reviewed historical TDS data for trends in the iodine content of selected foods, and the NDL analyzed samples of a limited subset of those foods for iodine. The FDA and the NDL are working to combine their data on iodine in foods and to produce an online database that can be used for estimating iodine intake from foods in the US population. In addition, the NDL continues to analyze dietary supplements for iodine and, in collaboration with the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, to publish the data online in the Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database. The goal is to provide, through these 2 harmonized databases and the continuing TDS focus on iodine, improved tools for estimating iodine intake in population studies.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Food Analysis; Humans; Internet; Iodine; United States; United States Department of Agriculture
PubMed: 27534627
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.110064 -
Journal of the International Society of... Jul 2019Dietary supplementation is a common strategy to achieve a specific health status or performance benefit. Several investigations have focused on the prevalence of dietary...
BACKGROUND
Dietary supplementation is a common strategy to achieve a specific health status or performance benefit. Several investigations have focused on the prevalence of dietary supplement use by athletes. However, information on how athletes manage the use and purchase of dietary supplements is scarce.
METHODS
Five hundred and twenty-seven high-performance athletes (346 males and 181 females), participating in individual and team sports, completed a validated questionnaire about use and purchase patterns of dietary supplements. The dietary supplements were categorized according to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus.
RESULTS
Sixty four percent of the athletes (n = 337) used dietary supplements (median = 3; range 1 to 12). Age, sex, type of sport, level of competition, and professionalism influenced the prevalence of dietary supplement use (all p < 0.05). The most prevalent dietary supplement consumed was proteins (41%; n = 137), followed by amino acids/BCAA-based supplements (37%; n = 124). Additionally, as per group of supplements according to IOC consensus, 18% of the supplements were rated as having a low level of scientific evidence (e.g., glutamine, HMB, L-carnitine, etc). Most athletes (45%, n = 152) purchased dietary supplements in a store and 24% (n = 81) obtained them from a sponsor. Most athletes also (42%, n = 141) reported a self-organization of supplementation and did not consult with any professional. Last, 81% (n = 273) of athletes consuming supplements did not know any platform to check supplement safety/quality. For those who do not use dietary supplements (36% of the total sample, n = 190), most reported that they do not consider supplements necessary (72%, n = 137).
CONCLUSION
Dietary supplementation appears to be widely used in sport with a considerable proportion of athletes consuming supplements with low level of scientific evidence. Additionally, athletes seem to rely on inadequate sources of information and may be largely unaware of sources to detect supplement contamination.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Athletes; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Sports; Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 31319850
DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0296-5 -
American Journal of Pharmaceutical... Jun 2017To compare dietary supplement use between student pharmacists and the general population, and assess knowledge, attitudes toward use, and dietary supplement... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
To compare dietary supplement use between student pharmacists and the general population, and assess knowledge, attitudes toward use, and dietary supplement effectiveness; and to explore how student pharmacists view their education on dietary supplements. Paper questionnaires administered to student pharmacists collected data about their use, knowledge, and attitudes of dietary supplements. Use was compared to the 2007 National Health Interview survey findings. Of 179 students who responded, 52% had used at least one dietary supplement in their lifetime versus 25% in the general population. Students perceived supplement label information as unhelpful, research into supplements inadequate, and supplements non-essential to health. Students thought supplement knowledge was important but their education was inadequate. Dietary supplement use was higher in this sample of student pharmacists than the general population. Student pharmacists had limited knowledge and need more education on dietary supplements.
Topics: Adult; Dietary Supplements; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Perception; Students, Pharmacy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 28720920
DOI: 10.5688/ajpe81592 -
The Journal of Nutrition Aug 2018To describe the history, key features, recent enhancements, and common applications of the Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD).
OBJECTIVE
To describe the history, key features, recent enhancements, and common applications of the Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD).
BACKGROUND AND HISTORY
Although many Americans use dietary supplements, databases of dietary supplements sold in the United States have not been widely available. The DSLD, an easily accessible public-use database was created in 2008 to provide information on dietary supplement composition for use by researchers and consumers.
RATIONALE
Accessing current information easily and quickly is crucial for documenting exposures to dietary supplements because they contain nutrients and other bioactive ingredients that may have beneficial or adverse effects on human health. This manuscript details recent developments with the DSLD to achieve this goal and provides examples of how the DSLD has been used.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
With periodic updates to track changes in product composition and capture new products entering the market, the DSLD currently contains more than 71,000 dietary supplement labels. Following usability testing with consumer and researcher user groups completed in 2016, improvements to the DSLD interface were made. As of 2017, both a desktop and mobile device version are now available. Since its inception in 2008, the use of the DSLD has included research, exposure monitoring, and other purposes by users in the public and private sectors.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Further refinement of the user interface and search features to facilitate ease of use for stakeholders is planned.
CONCLUSIONS
The DSLD can be used to track changes in product composition and capture new products entering the market. With over 71,000 DS labels it is a unique resource that policymakers, researchers, clinicians, and consumers may find valuable for multiple applications.
Topics: Commerce; Databases, Factual; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Information Dissemination; Product Labeling; United States
PubMed: 31249427
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy082