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Cells Oct 2021Ventricular arrhythmias contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Pathomechanisms underlying arrhythmogenicity in patients... (Review)
Review
Ventricular arrhythmias contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Pathomechanisms underlying arrhythmogenicity in patients with structural heart disease and impaired cardiac function include myocardial fibrosis and the remodeling of ion channels, affecting electrophysiologic properties of ventricular cardiomyocytes. The dysregulation of ion channel expression has been associated with cardiomyopathy and with the development of arrhythmias. However, the underlying molecular signaling pathways are increasingly recognized. This review summarizes clinical and cellular electrophysiologic characteristics observed in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with ionic and structural alterations at the ventricular level. Furthermore, potential translational strategies and therapeutic options are highlighted.
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Epigenesis, Genetic; Humans; Translational Research, Biomedical; Ventricular Remodeling
PubMed: 34685747
DOI: 10.3390/cells10102767 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jun 2022Inflammation is increasingly recognised as a causal factor in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. With the introduction of immune checkpoint... (Review)
Review
Inflammation is increasingly recognised as a causal factor in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. With the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in oncology and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic the role of the immune system in myocardial inflammation (myocarditis) and subsequent inflammatory cardiomyopathy has once again regained attention. In this review, we want to bring myocardial inflammation to the clinician's attention and provide up-to-date knowledge on its diagnostic workup, prognostication, and current management recommendations.
Topics: COVID-19; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans; Inflammation; Myocarditis; Pandemics
PubMed: 35703074
DOI: No ID Found -
Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria Jun 2018Dilated cardiomyopathy is the main cause of heart failure leading to heart transplant. Its prognosis is variable and depends on the etiology, the patient's age at onset,... (Review)
Review
Dilated cardiomyopathy is the main cause of heart failure leading to heart transplant. Its prognosis is variable and depends on the etiology, the patient's age at onset, and the severity. The management of dilated cardiomyopathy is aimed at minimizing symptoms and preventing disease progression; it requires a comprehensive screening for comorbidities and the prevention of complications to improve the overall status of these children and mitigate their prognosis. Here we present a review oriented at the multidisciplinary management that pediatricians should consider when seeing these patients.
Topics: Age of Onset; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Child; Disease Progression; Heart Failure; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Mass Screening; Pediatricians; Prognosis; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 29756716
DOI: 10.5546/aap.2018.eng.e421 -
ESC Heart Failure Oct 2022Chemotherapy-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (CI-DCM) is a well-recognized phenotype of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by poor outcomes....
AIMS
Chemotherapy-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (CI-DCM) is a well-recognized phenotype of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by poor outcomes. However, a detailed comparison between idiopathic DCM (iDCM) and CI-DCM is still lacking.
METHODS AND RESULTS
All consecutive DCM patients enrolled in the Trieste Muscle Heart Disease Registry were analysed. CI-DCM and iDCM were defined according to current recommendations. The primary study outcome measure was all-mortality death and secondary outcomes were a) a composite of cardiovascular death/heart-transplantation/ventricular-assist-device implantation, and b) major ventricular arrhythmias. The study included 551 patients (499 iDCM and 52 CI-DCM). At enrolment, compared with iDCM, CI-DCM patients were older (51 ± 14 years vs. 58 ± 3 years, respectively, P < 0.001) and had a higher left ventricular ejection fraction (32% ± 9 vs. 35% ± 10, respectively, P = 0.03). Over a median follow-up of 90 months (IQR 54-140 months), CI-DCM patients had a higher incidence of all-cause mortality compared with iDCM (36.5% vs. 8.4% in CI-DCM and iDCM respectively, P < 0.001), while the incidence of major ventricular arrhythmias was higher in the iDCM group compared with CI-DCM (4% vs. 0%, in CI-DCM and iDCM respectively, P = 0.03). The risk of the composite outcome was comparable between the two groups (P = 0.91). At Cox multivariable analysis, the diagnosis of CI-DCM emerged as independently associated to primary outcome (HR 6.42, 95% C.I. 2.52-16.31, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
In a well-selected DCM cohort, patients with a chemotherapy-induced aetiology had a higher incidence of all-cause mortality compared with iDCM. Conversely, the incidence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmic events was higher among patients with iDCM.
Topics: Humans; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left; Heart Transplantation; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 35735911
DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14045 -
Herz May 2020Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi) is a syndrome, not an etiological disease entity. The infective etiology and the immunopathology can be best determined... (Review)
Review
Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi) is a syndrome, not an etiological disease entity. The infective etiology and the immunopathology can be best determined through endomyocardial biopsy with a complete work-up by light microscopy, immunohistology, and polymerase chain reaction for microbial agents. This review focuses on the methodological advances in diagnosis in the past few years and exemplifies the importance of an etiology-orientated treatment in different case scenarios. In fulminant nonviral myocarditis, immunosuppressive treatment together with hemodynamic stabilization of the patient via mechanical circulatory support (e.g., microaxial pumps, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, left ventricular assist device) can be life-saving. For viral inflammatory cardiomyopathy, intravenous immunoglobulin treatment can resolve inflammation and often eradicate the virus.
Topics: Biopsy; Cardiomyopathies; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Inflammation; Myocarditis; Myocardium
PubMed: 32123933
DOI: 10.1007/s00059-020-04900-8 -
Journal of the American College of... Jun 2022
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans; Phenotype
PubMed: 35654494
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.04.008 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Jun 1996
Review
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Myocarditis; Prognosis
PubMed: 8758121
DOI: 10.1136/adc.74.6.479 -
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Jul 2022The pathogenic mechanism of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains to be defined. This study aimed to identify hub genes and immune cells that could serve as potential...
BACKGROUND
The pathogenic mechanism of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains to be defined. This study aimed to identify hub genes and immune cells that could serve as potential therapeutic targets for DCM.
METHODS
We downloaded four datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE141910, GSE3585, GSE42955 and GSE79962. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were performed to identify gene panels related to DCM. Meanwhile, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to estimate the immune cells in DCM tissues. Multiple machine learning approaches were used to screen the hub genes and immune cells. Finally, the diagnostic value of the hub genes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. An experimental mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy was used to validate the bioinformatics results.
RESULTS
FRZB and EXT1 were identified as hub biomarkers, and the ROC curves suggested an excellent diagnostic ability of the above genes for DCM. In addition, naive B cells were upregulated in DCM tissues, while eosinophils, M2 macrophages, and memory CD4 T cells were downregulated in DCM tissues. The increase in two hub genes and naive B cells was validated in animal experiments.
CONCLUSION
These results indicated that FRZB and EXT1 could be used as promising biomarkers, and eosinophils, M2 macrophages, resting memory CD4 T cells and naive B cells may also affect the occurrence of DCM.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks; Mice; RNA-Seq
PubMed: 35850644
DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02759-7 -
Journal of the American College of... May 2011
Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans; Mutation; NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Sodium Channels
PubMed: 21596232
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.11.061 -
Journal of the American Heart... Jun 2020
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Child; Genetic Testing; Humans; Pedigree; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32458723
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016910