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Medicine May 2020The first successful ear replantation was performed by Pennigton in 1980 in Sydney. At least 84 ear replantations have been described in the literature over a period of...
RATIONALE
The first successful ear replantation was performed by Pennigton in 1980 in Sydney. At least 84 ear replantations have been described in the literature over a period of 37 years since the first case. The authors have not found any previous case of frozen ear replantation in the literature.
PATIENT CONCERNS
We report the case of a 38-year-old man, who had an injury to the head while working with a machine.
DIAGNOSIS
The patient suffered total traumatic avulsion of the left ear. The ear was wrapped in moistened, sterile gauze and was transported on dry ice. At the time of admission to our department, the amputated ear was frozen to stiff, solid nonelastic matter.
INTERVENTIONS
We attempted replantation. Despite repeated arterial thrombosis during surgery, the ear was successfully replanted with arterial and venous anastomosis.
OUTCOMES
Venous congestion occurred within 9 h of surgery and was treated using leeches. Freezing cold injury developed during reattachment. The radix and proximal parts of the helix exhibited necrosis and so were reconstructed by contralateral conchal cartilage graft, which was wrapped with a local subauricular skin flap. On completion of treatment, a satisfactory shape was achieved, although the replanted and reconstructed left auricle slightly was smaller than the contralateral auricle.
LESSONS LEARNED
Our report confirms that the replantation of a frozen, amputated ear is possible, and we suggest that ear replantation should be the method of choice for the treatment of ear loss even under these conditions.
Topics: Adult; Amputation, Traumatic; Cryopreservation; Ear, External; Humans; Male; Occupational Injuries; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Replantation
PubMed: 32443314
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020068 -
Arthritis and Rheumatism Feb 2008
Topics: Aged; Ear, External; Humans; Ice; Male; Occupational Diseases; Ossification, Heterotopic; Radiography
PubMed: 18240228
DOI: 10.1002/art.23162 -
CoDAS 2014Aging causes changes in the external ear as a collapse of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane senile. Knowing them is appropriate for the diagnosis of...
PURPOSE
Aging causes changes in the external ear as a collapse of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane senile. Knowing them is appropriate for the diagnosis of hearing loss and selection of hearing aids. For this reason, the study aimed to verify the influence of the anatomical changes of the external ear resonance in the auditory canal in the elderly.
METHODS
The sample consisted of objective measures of the external ear of elderly with collapse (group A), senile tympanic membrane (group B) and without changing the external auditory canal or tympanic membrane (group C) and adults without changing the external ear (group D). In the retrospective/clinical study were performed comparisons of measures of individuals with and without alteration of the external ear through the gain and response external ear resonant frequency and the primary peak to the right ear.
RESULTS
In groups A, B and C was no statistically significant difference between Real Ear Unaided Response (REUR) and Real Ear Unaided Gain (REUG), but not for the peak frequency. For groups A and B were shown significant differences in REUR and REUG. Between the C and D groups were significant statistics to the REUR and REUG, but not for the frequency of the primary peak.
CONCLUSION
Changes influence the external ear resonance, decreasing its amplitude. However, the frequency of the primary peak is not affected.
Topics: Acoustic Impedance Tests; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Ear, External; Female; Hearing Aids; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tympanic Membrane; Young Adult
PubMed: 24918503
DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/2014211in -
Head & Face Medicine Feb 2012External ears, one of the major face components, show an interesting movement during craniofacial morphogenesis in human embryo. The present study was performed to see...
INTRODUCTION
External ears, one of the major face components, show an interesting movement during craniofacial morphogenesis in human embryo. The present study was performed to see if movement of the external ears in a human embryo could be explained by differential growth.
METHODS
In all, 171 samples between Carnegie stage (CS) 17 and CS 23 were selected from MR image datasets of human embryos obtained from the Kyoto Collection of Human Embryos. The three-dimensional absolute position of 13 representative anatomical landmarks, including external and internal ears, from MRI data was traced to evaluate the movement between the different stages with identical magnification. Two different sets of reference axes were selected for evaluation and comparison of the movements.
RESULTS
When the pituitary gland and the first cervical vertebra were selected as a reference axis, the 13 anatomical landmarks of the face spread out within the same region as the embryo enlarged and changed shape. The external ear did move mainly laterally, but not cranially. The distance between the external and internal ear stayed approximately constant. Three-dimensionally, the external ear located in the caudal ventral parts of the internal ear in CS 17, moved mainly laterally until CS 23. When surface landmarks eyes and mouth were selected as a reference axis, external ears moved from the caudal lateral ventral region to the position between eyes and mouth during development.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that movement of all anatomical landmarks, including external and internal ears, can be explained by differential growth. Also, when the external ear is recognized as one of the facial landmarks and having a relative position to other landmarks such as the eyes and mouth, the external ears seem to move cranially.
Topics: Ear, External; Fetus; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Morphogenesis; Movement; Skull
PubMed: 22296782
DOI: 10.1186/1746-160X-8-2 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Jun 2018To summarize the current progress of laser-assisted cartilage reshaping (LACR) for prominent ear. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To summarize the current progress of laser-assisted cartilage reshaping (LACR) for prominent ear.
METHODS
The domestic and abroad article concerning the LACR in treatment of prominent ear was reviewed and analyzed.
RESULTS
As a new technique, there were three types of LACR therapies that been used for prominent ear. LACR with the 1 064 nm Nd/YAG laser is painful and the penetration depth of the 1 064 nm Nd/YAG laser is greater than that of the 1540 nm Er/Glass laser which is caused more tissue injury. LACR with the 1 540 nm Er/Glass laser has high absorption by the ear cartilage and produce less injury to the surrounding tissue. Use of the CO laser permitted cartilage reshaping combined with both vaporization and incisions, which complicates the technique, although, with low recurrence rate and definite effect. Insisting on wearing ear mold is the key to get satisfactory effectiveness for postoperative patients. The complications of LACR for prominent ear, such as the dermatitis, perforation of the skin, hematoma, or infection, should be noticed.
CONCLUSION
Application of LACR for prominent ear just has a short period of time, limited number of cases, and few relevant literature reports. Its effectiveness needs to be further studied and clarified.
Topics: Ear Cartilage; Ear, External; Humans; Laser Therapy; Postoperative Period; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 29905059
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201712074 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Jan 2023Ear molding is a noninvasive treatment that shows promising results for neonatal ear deformations. Little research has been reported evaluating 1-year outcomes or...
BACKGROUND
Ear molding is a noninvasive treatment that shows promising results for neonatal ear deformations. Little research has been reported evaluating 1-year outcomes or relapse after ear molding for ear malformations.
METHODS
One-year molding efficacy for constricted ear, a common malformation that affects the aesthetic appearance of the auricle, was assessed during a single-center, prospective study conducted over a 3-year period (from May of 2017 to April of 2020). Infants with constricted ears were recruited and treated with the EarWell Infant Ear Correction System. Constricted ear classification, age at treatment application, duration of treatment, complications, and parental satisfaction were analyzed. Photographic documentation of the ears was performed before treatment, at treatment termination, and 12 months after treatment to evaluate treatment efficacy and relapse.
RESULTS
Sixty patients with 91 constricted ears were recruited. The EarWell Infant Ear Correction System was initiated before 2 weeks of age for 75.0% of these patients. Successful correction was achieved in 85.8% of patients. Early molding initiation (before 14 days of age) resulted in a significantly higher success rate ( P = 0.017). Class 1 and class 2 deformities achieved better outcomes than class 3 deformities ( P = 0.001). Among the 91 auricles, 37 ears (40.7%) relapsed: 36.3% had mild relapse, 4.4% had moderate relapse, and 0% had severe relapse. The treatment duration for patients with relapse was shorter than for patients without relapse ( P = 0.035).
CONCLUSION
Early ear molding is an effective treatment for constricted ear. Sufficient molding duration and consolidation periods are crucial in maintaining treatment effects.
CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, III.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Infant; Prospective Studies; Ear, External; Ear Auricle; Treatment Outcome; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 36251819
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000009781 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 1973
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Dermoid Cyst; Ear, External; Eye Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lipoma; Mandibulofacial Dysostosis; Syndrome
PubMed: 4789118
DOI: No ID Found -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Dec 2021Ear deformity caused by burns is one of the most difficult types of deformity to treat with plastic surgery, and the reconstruction of burned ears undoubtedly remains a...
OBJECTIVES
Ear deformity caused by burns is one of the most difficult types of deformity to treat with plastic surgery, and the reconstruction of burned ears undoubtedly remains a substantial challenge. This study aims to report the therapeutic regime of using a superficial temporal fascial flap to cover the framework in burned ear reconstruction.
METHODS
Autologous costal cartilage was used to form the ear framework in all of the reconstruction cases. A superficial temporal fascial flap was used as soft tissue to cover the ear scaffold.
RESULTS
Five patients with 6 ears were included in our study. The external ear healed well and the location, size, and shape of both ears were generally symmetrical. No complication was observed in any of the patients.
CONCLUSIONS
The superficial temporal fascial flap is a good choice for covering the autogenous cartilage framework when treating ear deformities after burns.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Burns; Cartilage; Child; Child, Preschool; Ear Deformities, Acquired; Ear, External; Fascia; Female; Humans; Male; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32608258
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320937620 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jan 2024Microtia is a congenital auricular malformation with a hypoplastic external ear that ranges in severity from a slightly smaller auricle to complete the absence of the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Microtia is a congenital auricular malformation with a hypoplastic external ear that ranges in severity from a slightly smaller auricle to complete the absence of the auricle. The present study was conducted to identify and analyze the characteristics of microtia-related articles published from 2006 to 2020 by using bibliometric analyses.
METHOD
Microtia-related studies published from 2006 to 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Keywords, first author, citations, date of publication, and publication journal were extracted and quantitatively analyzed using Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder software and the Bibliometric (https://bibliometric.com/app). VOSviewer was used to visualize research and form a network map on keywords and citations.
RESULTS
A total of 1031 articles from 2006 to 2020 were included. The number of articles showed an overall trend of growth over time. The United States and China are the top 2 countries in terms of the number of microtia-related articles. From the analysis of keyword clustering, keywords could be mainly divided into 4 clusters in the field of microtia research: surgery, tissue engineering, epidemiology, and rehabilitation including hearing-related treatments, evaluation of effects, and quality of life after surgery. The top 10 most frequently cited papers from 2006 to 2020 were also extracted and analyzed.
CONCLUSION
A bibliometric research of microtia-related articles from 2006 to 2020 was conducted. This study may be helpful to understand the current research status of microtia and find the research trends in this field, thus proposing future directions for microtia research.
Topics: Humans; Congenital Microtia; Quality of Life; Ear Auricle; Ear, External; Bibliometrics
PubMed: 34337975
DOI: 10.1177/01455613211037641 -
American Journal of Surgery Sep 2013The external ear represents a site with high ultraviolet exposure and thin skin overlying cartilage. The aim of this study was to determine if ear melanomas have...
BACKGROUND
The external ear represents a site with high ultraviolet exposure and thin skin overlying cartilage. The aim of this study was to determine if ear melanomas have different characteristics than cutaneous melanomas in other anatomic sites.
METHODS
The evaluation of patients treated at a tertiary care center.
RESULTS
Sixty patients were treated for ear melanoma (87% male, mean age = 56.7, mean thickness = 1.65 mm). Seven of thirty-two patients (22%) who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy had positive nodes. Twenty (33%) patients had recurrence including 6 patients with negative sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and 5 patients with positive SLNs. Three of 10 patients (30%) treated with Mohs surgery had local recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS
The overall local and systemic recurrences are similar to those previously reported. There is a higher recurrence rate than expected in patients with a negative SLN and a high local recurrence rate after Mohs surgery. Our data suggest that SLN evaluation may be less accurate in ear melanomas and that Mohs surgery may be associated with a relatively high local recurrence rate.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ear, External; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Mohs Surgery; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23664431
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.10.038