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Culture, Health & Sexuality 2015This study examined condom use and intimacy among Tajik male migrants and their regular female partners in Moscow, Russia. This study included a survey of 400 Tajik male...
This study examined condom use and intimacy among Tajik male migrants and their regular female partners in Moscow, Russia. This study included a survey of 400 Tajik male labour migrants and longitudinal ethnographic interviews with 30 of the surveyed male migrants and 30 of their regular female partners. of the surveyed male migrants, 351 (88%) reported having a regular female partner in Moscow. Findings demonstrated that the migrants' and regular partners' intentions to use condoms diminished with increased intimacy, yet each party perceived intimacy differently. Migrants' intimacy with regular partners was determined by their familiarity and the perceived sexual cleanliness of their partner. Migrants believed that Muslim women were cleaner than Orthodox Christian women and reported using condoms more frequently with Orthodox Christian regular partners. Regular partners reported determining intimacy based on the perceived commitment of the male migrant. When perceived commitment faced a crisis, intimacy declined and regular partners renegotiated condom use. The association between intimacy and condom use suggests that HIV-prevention programmes should aim to help male migrants and female regular partners to dissociate their approaches to condom use from their perceptions of intimacy.
Topics: Adult; Condoms; Eastern Orthodoxy; Female; Humans; Intention; Interpersonal Relations; Islam; Male; Moscow; Sexual Partners; Tajikistan; Transients and Migrants; Young Adult
PubMed: 25033817
DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2014.937748 -
Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... 2009In 2005, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) made free condoms available to organizations through a Web-based ordering system. In 2006, we...
In 2005, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) made free condoms available to organizations through a Web-based ordering system. In 2006, we interviewed managers and patrons about free condom availability, acquisition, and use in venues where people at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus congregate. DOHMH condom distribution increased from 5.8 million in 2004 to 17.3 million in 2006. Overall, managers reported making condoms available at 76% (309/409) of high-priority venues, but only at 40% of gay bars. Among patrons who saw free condoms, 80% (280/351) reported taking them; 73% (205/280) of those who reported taking them also reported using them. A simple, Web-based ordering system dramatically increased condom distribution. In the venues we sampled, the majority of patrons acquired and used free condoms when available and visible, suggesting that increasing free condom availability may increase use. Special efforts are needed to ensure availability at gay bars.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Condoms; Female; HIV Infections; Health Promotion; Ill-Housed Persons; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Internet; Male; Middle Aged; New York City; Program Evaluation; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Vulnerable Populations; Young Adult
PubMed: 19618784
DOI: 10.1177/003335490912400404 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Aug 2012To examine the relationship between condom social marketing programmes and condom use. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationship between condom social marketing programmes and condom use.
METHODS
Standard systematic review and meta-analysis methods were followed. The review included studies of interventions in which condoms were sold, in which a local brand name(s) was developed for condoms, and in which condoms were marketed through a promotional campaign to increase sales. A definition of intervention was developed and standard inclusion criteria were followed in selecting studies. Data were extracted from each eligible study, and a meta-analysis of the results was carried out.
FINDINGS
Six studies with a combined sample size of 23,048 met the inclusion criteria. One was conducted in India and five in sub-Saharan Africa. All studies were cross-sectional or serial cross-sectional. Three studies had a comparison group, although all lacked equivalence in sociodemographic characteristics across study arms. All studies randomly selected participants for assessments, although none randomly assigned participants to intervention arms. The random-effects pooled odds ratio for condom use was 2.01 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.42-2.84) for the most recent sexual encounter and 2.10 (95% CI: 1.51-2.91) for a composite of all condom use outcomes. Tests for heterogeneity yielded significant results for both meta-analyses.
CONCLUSION
The evidence base for the effect of condom social marketing on condom use is small because few rigorous studies have been conducted. Meta-analyses showed a positive and statistically significant effect on increasing condom use, and all individual studies showed positive trends. The cumulative effect of condom social marketing over multiple years could be substantial. We strongly encourage more evaluations of these programmes with study designs of high rigour.
Topics: Condoms; Developing Countries; Female; Humans; Male; Social Marketing
PubMed: 22893745
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.11.094268 -
Reproductive Health Nov 2023Unprotected sexual intercourse among the youth is common in Malawi. This has led to high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Human Immunodeficiency Virus...
BACKGROUND
Unprotected sexual intercourse among the youth is common in Malawi. This has led to high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and unplanned pregnancies. The study investigated the prevalence and the determinants of male and female condom use for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies among the youth in Malawi.
METHODS
The 2015/2016 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) data were used among 15 to 24-year-old male and female who had sexual intercourse four months preceding the survey. A total of 1543 male and 5143 female were selected from 3226 male and 10,367 female respectively and analyzed with SPSS version 20 using.descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression.
RESULTS
The study found a low prevalence (27.1%) of condom use among the youth in the last sexual intercourse within four months before the survey. More male (55.8%) used condoms than female (18.5%). The significant predictors of condom use among the male and female youth were: being sexually active (OR 0.39 CI 0.33-0.47), aged 20-24 (OR 0.80 CI 0.68-0.95), ever married (OR 0.07 CI 0.06-0.08), coming from central region (OR 0.56 CI 0.40-0.77), and southern region (OR 0.59 CI 0.42-0.83), residing in the rural area (OR 0.74 CI 0.61-0.90) and ever tested of HIV (OR 1.29 CI 1.03-1.55).
CONCLUSION
Having established low prevalence of condom use among the youth in Malawi, there is a need to scale up programs and policies that target the youth to practice safe sex, which will assist in addressing the challenges of STIs, including HIV, and preventing unplanned pregnancies in Malawi.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Pregnancy; Young Adult; Condoms; HIV Infections; Malawi; Marriage; Prevalence; Safe Sex; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 37990255
DOI: 10.1186/s12978-023-01714-9 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023Female sex workers are a marginalized and highly vulnerable population who are at risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, harassment, and unplanned...
Female sex workers are a marginalized and highly vulnerable population who are at risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, harassment, and unplanned pregnancies. Various female condoms are available to mitigate the severity of the consequences of their work. However, little is known about the acceptability and usage of female condoms and contraceptives among sex workers in small South African towns. This descriptive cross-sectional study of conveniently selected sex workers explored the acceptability and usage of female condoms and contraceptives among sex workers in South Africa using validated questionnaires. The data were analyzed using STATA 14.1. The 95% confidence interval is used for precision, and a -value ≤ 0.05 is considered significant. Out of 69 female-only participants, 49.3% were unemployed, 53.6% were cohabiting, and 30.4% were HIV positive. The median age of entry into sex work was 16 years old. Participants reported use of condoms in their last 3 sexual encounters (62.3%), preference of Implanon for contraception (52.2%), barriers to condom use (81.2%), condoms not being accepted by clients (63.8%), being difficult to insert (37.7%), and being unattractive (18.8%). Participants who reported barriers to condom use were 90% more likely to have adequate knowledge than those who did not (PR = 1.9; -value < 0.0001). Knowledge of condom use was an important factor in determining knowledge of barriers to their use. Reasons for sex work, sex workers' perceptions, and clients' preferences negatively affect the rate of condom use. Sex worker empowerment, community education, and effective marketing of female condoms require strengthening.
PubMed: 37174812
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11091271 -
Culture, Health & Sexuality 2013This paper examines the structural influence of sex work venues on condom use among female sex workers in the Senggigi area of Lombok, Indonesia. A cross-sectional...
This paper examines the structural influence of sex work venues on condom use among female sex workers in the Senggigi area of Lombok, Indonesia. A cross-sectional design employing ethnographic observation, structured interviews and hierarchical linear modelling was used to examine condom use among female sex workers who solicited clients at three types of sex work venues: (1) freelance locations, (2) brothels and (3) entertainment places (karaoke bars and massage parlours). The sample consisted of 115 women 'nested' within 16 sex work venues drawn from the three venue types. Rate (39%) of condom use varied across sex work venues. Perceived management style, HIV/AIDS-related policies and risk-reduction services differed by venue, but this variation did not explain differences in condom use. At the individual level, higher condom use was associated with female sex workers having ever been married. At the client level, condoms were more likely to be used with foreign rather than domestic/local Indonesian clients. Low rates of condom use among Indonesian female sex workers during commercial sex suggests the need for increased HIV-prevention efforts that acknowledge sex worker characteristics and relationships with clients that place them at risk. Future research into the effects of social context on HIV risk should also be considered.
Topics: Adult; Condoms; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Indonesia; Qualitative Research; Sex Work; Sex Workers; Young Adult
PubMed: 23472595
DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2013.776112 -
Contraception and Reproductive Medicine Feb 2023Unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) inclusive, have remained to be a significant public health challenges...
Perceived motivators, knowledge, attitude, self-reported and intentional practice of female condom use among female students in higher training institutions in Dodoma, Tanzania.
BACKGROUND
Unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) inclusive, have remained to be a significant public health challenges among young people, especially across middle and low-income countries. Self-efficacy on the right ways of using condoms appears to be effective against the aforementioned health-related problems. However, most women of reproductive age tend not to use them when they are using highly effective contraceptives such as implants, and/or injectable hormones. It is unknown whether the uptake of female condoms among young girls is significantly high or not. Examining female students' perceived motivators, knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported and intentional female condom practice in training institutions seems to be a key precursor in addressing the challenge.
METHODS
The institutional-based analytical cross-sectional survey in a quantitative research approach was adopted to study 384 randomly selected female students from higher training institutions, in Tanzania. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaires from previous studies were the main data collection tools. Data analysis was done using a statistical package for social science (SPSS) with the strength of statistical limits set at a 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level.
RESULTS
The response rate of the study was 100% with 24 ± 2.122 years respondents' mean age while and 32.7% of them were in the third year of their studies. Only 6.2% of the respondents reported having used female condoms while 26.3% of them have not ever seen packages of female condoms. The minority of the respondents (21.7%, 23.3%, and 9.4%) demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitude, and intention to use female condoms respectively. Their age, accommodation, marital status, peer groups, previous training, knowledge, and attitude related significantly to their intentional practices of female condom use (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Given the existing governmental and non-governmental efforts that advocate awareness creation and the uptake of various contraceptives, this study has found that knowledge, attitude, self-reported and intentional practices of female students admitted in higher training institutions within Dodoma region, Tanzania is low. Institutionalized educational programs on sexual and reproductive health matters may need to be prioritized to increase the availability, accessibility, and uptake of female condoms among female students in higher training institutions.
PubMed: 36750970
DOI: 10.1186/s40834-022-00208-6 -
Journal of Health Psychology Feb 2018This qualitative study examined the acceptability of female condoms in urban India, with a focus on sexual pleasure. We conducted focus group discussions with 50 women...
This qualitative study examined the acceptability of female condoms in urban India, with a focus on sexual pleasure. We conducted focus group discussions with 50 women and 19 men, as well as a small number of individual interviews with women ( n = 3), in Chennai and New Delhi. Perceived benefits of female condoms included protection against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, increased sense of empowerment for women, and simple clean up. The most common drawback was reduced sensation. Participants suggested structural changes to the female condom to ease insertion and use. Consent and privacy were discussed as increasing sexual pleasure. Pleasure should be acknowledged in design and education efforts to increase female condom use.
Topics: Adult; Condoms, Female; Female; Focus Groups; Humans; India; Interviews as Topic; Male; Middle Aged; Pleasure; Power, Psychological; Qualitative Research; Sex Workers; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Young Adult
PubMed: 29250996
DOI: 10.1177/1359105317745963 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2021female sex workers (FSWs) are the key vulnerable populations since they carry the high burden of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, the...
A qualitative exploration on accounts of condom-use negotiation with clients: challenges and predicaments related to sex work among street-based female sex workers in Ekurhuleni District, South Africa.
INTRODUCTION
female sex workers (FSWs) are the key vulnerable populations since they carry the high burden of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, the vulnerability of street-based FSWs to HIV/STIs is much higher than that of the establishment-based FSWs. The study aimed to explore street-based FSWs' condom negotiation skills, barriers to condom use as well as the challenges and predicaments they face on a daily basis.
METHODS
an exploratory qualitative approach using focus group discussions was conducted among FSWs working in a major provincial road in a district of Gauteng Province. Thematic content analysis using NVivo version 10 software was conducted.
RESULTS
the age range of the FSWs was 19 to 44 years. The themes that emerged from the data on challenges to negotiation and condom use among FSWs revealed the ways condoms are used in early sex work and over time, ways of enforcing condom used, preferred types of condoms and the predicaments to working in the sex trade. FSWs gained experience of negotiating condom use over time in their work. Both female and male condoms were available and accurate insertion of condoms was reported. Male condom was preferred. Condom use strategies included direct request; using health-information messages; charging more for condomless sex; and refusing condomless sex. The FSW reported the risks of violent attacks of unregulated street-based environment.
CONCLUSION
condom negotiation strategies illustrated that peer-education and sharing experiences among themselves were beneficial for protective sexual behaviours. Peer-education benefits and peer-interactions yielded assertive attitudes and behaviours of demanding and/or enforcing condom use.
Topics: Adult; Condoms; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Negotiating; Sex Work; Sex Workers; Sexual Partners; South Africa; Young Adult
PubMed: 35059100
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.54.29918 -
AIDS and Behavior Dec 2016This study assessed and mapped the availability of the female condom in relation to the male condom and HIV prevalence in the Philadelphia metropolitan area, which has a... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
This study assessed and mapped the availability of the female condom in relation to the male condom and HIV prevalence in the Philadelphia metropolitan area, which has a high density of HIV. One percent of the 1228 service providers contacted sold/provided the female condom and 77 % sold/provided the male condom. The lack of availability of the female condom suggests this product will have no public health impact on reducing HIV and that interventions that promote use of the female condom are not sustainable in this high-risk area. Our findings may help policy makers increase female condom availability in this area.
Topics: Adult; Condoms; Condoms, Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Forecasting; HIV Infections; Health Policy; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Male; Philadelphia; Prevalence; Urban Population
PubMed: 26864690
DOI: 10.1007/s10461-016-1317-x