Review

Authors: Claire Reid, Christopher E M Griffiths

The management of psoriasis has evolved considerably over the past 100 years. This has occurred in parallel with our understanding of the pathogenesis of this common, complex and enigmatic disease. It should be celebrated as an outstanding example of successful translational research. With precise targeting of immune pathways for the treatment of psoriasis with new biologics and small molecules has come the realisation that the most effective approach to patient management is a holistic one which encompasses the biopsychosocial nature of the disease. This involves a stratified medicine approach to identifying the best drug for an individual allied to patient education, screening for comorbidity, and regular review as both the clinical presentation and the patient's needs will change over time. Al-though there is not yet a cure for psoriasis - the whole person, systems approach to patient management, that is in part dependent on early intervention, should help to ensure an optimal outcome.

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Biological Products; Dermatologic Agents; Disease Management; Drug Development; Furocoumarins; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Holistic Health; Humans; Life Style; Molecular Targeted Therapy; PUVA Therapy; Patient Education as Topic; Psoriasis

PubMed: 31971601
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3386

Authors: Sigurgeir Olafsson, Elke Rodriguez, Andrew R J Lawson...

Somatic mutations are hypothesized to play a role in many non-neoplastic diseases. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 1,182 microbiopsies dissected from lesional and nonlesional epidermis from 111 patients with psoriasis to search for evidence that somatic mutations in keratinocytes may influence the disease process. Lesional skin remained highly polyclonal, showing no evidence of large-scale spread of clones carrying potentially pathogenic mutations. The mutation rate of keratinocytes was similarly only modestly affected by the disease. We found evidence of positive selection in previously reported driver genes NOTCH1, NOTCH2, TP53, FAT1 and PPM1D and also identified mutations in four genes (GXYLT1, CHEK2, ZFP36L2 and EEF1A1) that we hypothesize are selected for in squamous epithelium irrespective of disease status. Finally, we describe a mutational signature of psoralens-a class of chemicals previously found in some sunscreens and which are used as part of PUVA (psoralens and ultraviolet-A) photochemotherapy treatment for psoriasis.

Topics: Humans; Ficusin; PUVA Therapy; Psoriasis; Furocoumarins; Mutation

PubMed: 37884686
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01545-1

Authors: Clare L Coda, John P Woods

Topics: Adult; Citrus; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Furocoumarins; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Photosensitivity Disorders

PubMed: 34060790
DOI: No ID Found

Review

Authors: D R Bickers

Topics: Animals; Dermatology; Europe; Furocoumarins; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Light; PUVA Therapy; Photosensitivity Disorders; Sunburn; United States

PubMed: 2649613
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep13074940

Authors: R E Klaber

Topics: Antigens, Plant; Apiaceae; Child; Dermatitis, Photoallergic; Fingers; Furocoumarins; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Male

PubMed: 16632664
DOI: 10.1136/adc.2005.091934

Review

Authors: Lutfun Nahar, Shaymaa Al-Majmaie, Afaf Al-Groshi...

Dihydrofuranocoumarin, chalepin () and furanocoumarin, chalepensin () are 3-prenylated bioactive coumarins, first isolated from the well-known medicinal plant L. (Fam: Rutaceae) but also distributed in various species of the genera , and . The distribution of these compounds appears to be restricted to the plants of the family Rutaceae. To date, there have been a considerable number of bioactivity studies performed on coumarins and , which include their anticancer, antidiabetic, antifertility, antimicrobial, antiplatelet aggregation, antiprotozoal, antiviral and calcium antagonistic properties. This review article presents a critical appraisal of publications on bioactivity of these 3-prenylated coumarins in the light of their feasibility as novel therapeutic agents and investigate their natural distribution in the plant kingdom, as well as a plausible biosynthetic route.

Topics: Animals; Clausena; Coumarins; Furocoumarins; Humans; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Ruta; Rutaceae

PubMed: 33799365
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061609

Authors: Jr-Di Yang, Ssu Chia Lin, Huey Liang Kuo...

BACKGROUND

Imperatorin is a naturally occurring furocoumarin derivative found in traditional Chinese medicine Angelica dahurica for its anticancer, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic properties. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, characterized by a high prevalence, significant morbidity and mortality, and a range of related complications.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the protective effects of imperatorin treatment and the specific underlying mechanisms in progressive CKD.

METHODS

Imperatorin was orally administrated for 14 consecutive days to mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to investigate the renal pathological alternations, pro-inflammatory mediators, antioxidant response, and ferroptotic death signaling. Imperatorin was also tested in the erastin-induced injury of renal proximal tubular cells (NRK-52E). Cell viability, ferroptosis protein markers, erastin-induced oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation were assessed.

RESULTS

In vivo, imperatorin treatment alleviated kidney histology alternations and attenuated the protein expression of fibrotic markers. Furthermore, imperatorin administration reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and alleviated the oxidative stress burden by downregulating protein markers such as catalase, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (Trxr-1). It also mitigated ferroptosis markers such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11/cystine transporter (SLC7A11/xCT), and transferrin receptor 1 (TFR-1), and attenuated renal cell apoptosis. In vitro, imperatorin treatment effectively decreased erastin-induced feroptotic cell death, restored the antioxidant enzyme levels, and mitigated lipid peroxidation as well as the expression of ferroptosis-related markers (XCT, GPX4, and p-p53) in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSION

Our finding demonstrated for the first time, that imperatorin treatment holds therapeutic potential in a UUO mouse model of CKD and inhibits the erastin-induced oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and subsequent lipid peroxidation in vitro. This highlights the potential of imperatorin as a future therapeutic target for ferroptosis to improve the progression of CKD.

Topics: Animals; Furocoumarins; Ferroptosis; Ureteral Obstruction; Mice; Male; Fibrosis; Disease Models, Animal; Oxidative Stress; Kidney; Inflammation; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Angelica; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Lipid Peroxidation; Cell Line; Superoxide Dismutase

PubMed: 39341130
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156066

Review

Authors: Pakkapong Phucharoenrak, Dunyaporn Trachootham

Bergaptol (5-hydroxypsoralen or 5-hydroxyfuranocoumarin) is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin widely found in citrus fruits, which has multiple health benefits. Nonetheless, no specific review articles on bergaptol have been published. Compiling updated information on bergaptol is crucial in guiding future research direction and application. The present review focuses on the research evidence related to the pharmacological properties and toxicity of bergaptol. Bergaptol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-osteoporosis, anti-microbial, and anti-lipidemic effects. It can inhibit the activities of cytochrome P450s (CYP), especially CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, thereby affecting the metabolism and concentrations of some drugs and toxins. Compared with other coumarins, bergaptol has the least potency to inhibit CYP3A4 in cancer cells. Instead, it can suppress drug efflux transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, thereby overcoming chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Furthermore, bergaptol has antimicrobial effects with a high potential for inhibition of quorum sensing. In vivo, bergaptol can be retained in plasma for longer than other coumarins. Nevertheless, its toxicity has not been clearly reported. In vitro study suggests that, unlike most furocoumarins, bergaptol is not phototoxic or photomutagenic. Existing research on bergaptol has mostly been conducted in vitro. Further in vivo and clinical studies are warranted to identify the safe and effective doses of bergaptol for its multimodal application.

Topics: Citrus; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Furocoumarins; Coumarins

PubMed: 38338457
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030713

Review

Authors: Hendrik B Feys, Britt Van Aelst, Veerle Compernolle...

Pathogen inactivation (PI) for platelet concentrates (PC) is a fairly recent development in transfusion medicine that is intended to decrease infectious disease transmission from the donor to the receiving patient. Effective inactivation of viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic parasites adds a layer of safety, protecting the blood supply against customary and emerging pathogens. Three PI methods have been described for platelets. These are based on photochemical damage of nucleic acids which prevents replication of most infectious pathogens and contaminating donor leukocytes. Because platelets do not replicate, the collateral damage to platelet function is considered low to non-existing. This is disputable however because photochemistry is not specific for nucleic acids and significantly affects platelet biomolecules as well. The impact of these biomolecular changes on platelet function and hemostasis is not well understood, but is increasingly being studied. The results of these studies can help explain current and future clinical observations with PI platelets, including the impact on transfusion yield and bleeding. This review summarizes the biomolecular effects of PI treatment on platelets. We conclude that despite a comparable principle of photochemical inactivation, all three methods affect platelets in different ways. This knowledge can help blood banks and transfusion specialists to guide their choice when considering the implementation or clinical use of PI treated platelets.

Topics: Blood Banks; Blood Platelets; Blood Preservation; Blood Transfusion; Furocoumarins; Hemostasis; Humans; Neoplasms; Nucleic Acids; Platelet Transfusion; Riboflavin; Signal Transduction; Thrombocytopenia; Ultraviolet Rays

PubMed: 30021699
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2018.06.002

Review

Authors: M I Nasser, Shuoji Zhu, Haiyan Hu...

Patients with cancer survivors are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Cardio-oncology has developed as a new discipline with the advances in cancer treatment. There are many new challenges for the clinician and a new frontier for research and investigation. There is an urgent need for further study on the prevention of cardiovascular toxicity. Imperatorin (IMP) is a natural form of coumarin and extract from several plants with diver's pharmacokinetic effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review focus on the molecular mechanisms and pharmacological effects of Imperatorin maybe provide potential cancer and cardiovascular protection that targets IMP. Further studies are required to elucidate the entire spectrum of cytotoxic activities of these compounds to validate and expand their preclinical and clinical applications and to clarify the potential role of IMP.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Cardiovascular Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Furocoumarins; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Neoplasms; Oxidative Stress; Signal Transduction

PubMed: 31622950
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109401