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Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Dec 2018Brain volume is associated with dementia and depression in the elderly. An easy way to predict relative brain volume is to measure head circumference. In this study, we...
BACKGROUND
Brain volume is associated with dementia and depression in the elderly. An easy way to predict relative brain volume is to measure head circumference. In this study, we investigated the relationship between head circumference and cognition as well as depression in a non-demented elderly community.
METHODS
Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in 2007 and 2010. At baseline, community residents aged 65 years or over (n=382) within a rural area of South Korea were screened for dementia and symptoms of depression and were followed using the same screening battery after 3 years (n=279). Data from anthropometric measurements (head circumference, height, and body weight), demographics, and blood tests were gathered. Neuropsychological tests, including the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR) including the CDR-sum of boxes, the Korean version of instrumental activities of daily living, and geriatric depression scale (GDS), were performed. None of the 279 subjects followed were demented.
RESULTS
Baseline performance on the K-MMSE and GDS was poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Follow-up performance on the MMSE was also poorer for participants with smaller head circumferences. Interestingly, participants with smaller head circumference showed worse GDS scores at baseline but on follow-up examination, participants with larger head circumference showed rapid worsening than those with smaller head circumference with marginal significance by ANOVA test. In regression coefficient analysis, GDS decline showed significant difference.
CONCLUSION
Head circumference was not associated with cognitive change but was associated with symptoms of depression in non-demented community residents.
PubMed: 31620595
DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2018.35.2.205 -
American Journal of Medical Genetics.... Mar 2020Kabuki syndrome (KS, KS1: OMIM 147920 and KS2: OMIM 300867) is caused by pathogenic variations in KMT2D or KDM6A. KS is characterized by multiple congenital anomalies...
Kabuki syndrome (KS, KS1: OMIM 147920 and KS2: OMIM 300867) is caused by pathogenic variations in KMT2D or KDM6A. KS is characterized by multiple congenital anomalies and neurodevelopmental disorders. Growth restriction is frequently reported. Here we aimed to create specific growth charts for individuals with KS1, identify parameters used for size prognosis and investigate the impact of growth hormone therapy on adult height. Growth parameters and parental size were obtained for 95 KS1 individuals (41 females). Growth charts for height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and occipitofrontal circumference were generated in standard deviation values for the first time in KS1. Statural growth of KS1 individuals was compared to parental target size. According to the charts, height, weight, BMI, and occipitofrontal circumference were lower for KS1 individuals than the normative French population. For males and females, the mean growth of KS1 individuals was -2 and -1.8 SD of their parental target size, respectively. Growth hormone therapy did not increase size beyond the predicted size. This study, from the largest cohort available, proposes growth charts for widespread use in the management of KS1, especially for size prognosis and screening of other diseases responsible for growth impairment beyond a calculated specific target size.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adolescent; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Child; Child, Preschool; DNA-Binding Proteins; Face; Female; Growth Charts; Hematologic Diseases; Histone Demethylases; Humans; Male; Mutation; Neoplasm Proteins; Vestibular Diseases
PubMed: 31876365
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61462 -
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Sep 2021We extended our pilot study in infants following long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) repair to report head circumference, an easily obtainable indirect measure of brain...
INTRODUCTION
We extended our pilot study in infants following long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) repair to report head circumference, an easily obtainable indirect measure of brain size. Data are presented in the context of previously reported body weight and T2-weighted MRI measures of intracranial and brain volumes.
METHODS
Clinical information and head circumference were obtained for term-born (n = 13) and premature (n = 13) infants following LGEA repair with Foker process, as well as healthy term-born controls (n = 20) <1-year corrected age who underwent non-sedated research MRI. General Linear Model univariate analysis with corrected age at scan as a covariate and Bonferroni adjusted p values assessed group differences.
RESULTS
We report no difference in head circumference between the three groups. Such findings paralleled trends in body weight and total intracranial volume but not in brain volume as previously reported for the same pilot cohort.
DISCUSSION
Results suggest uncompromised somatic and head growth after repair of LGEA. In contrast, a novel finding of discrepancy between head circumference (novel data) and brain size (previously published data) in the same cohort suggests that head circumference might not be the best indirect measure of brain size in selected group of patients.
Topics: Esophageal Atresia; Head; Humans; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pilot Projects
PubMed: 33722370
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.01.030 -
Neurology Jul 2010Clinical and epidemiologic studies suggest that patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) with larger head circumference have better cognitive performance at the same level...
BACKGROUND
Clinical and epidemiologic studies suggest that patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) with larger head circumference have better cognitive performance at the same level of brain pathology than subjects with smaller head circumference.
METHODS
A total of 270 patients with AD participating in the Multi-Institutional Research in Alzheimer's Genetic Epidemiology (MIRAGE) study underwent cognitive testing, APOE genotyping, and MRI of the brain in a cross-sectional study. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between cerebral atrophy, as a proxy for AD pathology, and level of cognitive function, adjusting for age, duration of AD symptoms, gender, head circumference, APOE genotype, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, major depression, and ethnicity. An interaction term between atrophy and head circumference was introduced to explore if head circumference modified the association between cerebral atrophy and cognition.
RESULTS
There was a significant inverse association between atrophy and cognitive function, and a significant interaction between atrophy and head circumference. With greater levels of atrophy, cognition was higher for individuals with greater head circumference.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that larger head circumference is associated with less cognitive impairment in the face of cerebral atrophy. This finding supports the notion that head circumference (and presumably brain size) offers protection against AD symptoms through enhanced brain reserve.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Apolipoproteins E; Atrophy; Brain; Cephalometry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Head; Humans; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Regression Analysis
PubMed: 20625166
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181e7ca97 -
Sao Paulo Medical Journal = Revista... Mar 2004Mid-arm circumference of the newborn is strongly associated with birth weight and is a very good indicator of low and insufficient birth weight. However, there are few...
CONTEXT
Mid-arm circumference of the newborn is strongly associated with birth weight and is a very good indicator of low and insufficient birth weight. However, there are few Brazilian studies on the relationship between mid-arm and head circumferences and, thus, this does not form part of the routine evaluation for newborns.
OBJECTIVES
To establish the mid-arm circumference and mid-arm/head circumference ratio in a population of term newborns.
TYPE OF STUDY
Cross-sectional study carried out between June 1997 and August 1999.
SETTING
Hospital Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros, São Paulo.
PARTICIPANTS
Term newborns (66 males and 65 females) of appropriate growth for gestational age, whose mothers were healthy, were included in the study.
MAIN MEASUREMENTS
Arm circumference, arm circumference/head circumference ratio, birth weight and gestational age were measured within 48 hours of birth. Data were considered significant when p < 0.01.
RESULTS
The mean values for the mid-arm circumference were 10.76 cm (standard deviation, SD = 0.68) for females and 10.76 (SD = 0.81) for males. The mean value for the mid-arm/head circumference ratio was 0.31 (SD = 0.02) for both sexes. Mid-arm circumference values were significantly related to birth weight and gestational age, whereas mid-arm/head circumference ratio was related only to birth weight.
CONCLUSIONS
Mid-arm circumference and mid-arm/head circumference ratio values were established for the studied population. It was possible to obtain curves for both mid-arm circumference and mid-arm/head circumference ratio in relation to birth weight. However, for mid-arm circumference, it was only possible to obtain curves in relation to gestational age. The use of the regression curves did not seem powerful enough to predict the mid-arm circumference and mid-arm/head circumference ratio in this population of term newborns. There were no gender differences for either of the measurements studied.
Topics: Anthropometry; Arm; Birth Weight; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Head; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male
PubMed: 15257360
DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802004000200004 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2022To evaluate the development of the craniofacial region in healthy infants and analyze the asymmetry pattern in the first year of life.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the development of the craniofacial region in healthy infants and analyze the asymmetry pattern in the first year of life.
METHODS
The participants were grouped by sex and age (1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months) to receive three-dimensional (3D) photographs. Stereoscopic craniofacial photos were captured and transformed into a series of craniofacial meshes in each group. The growth patterns of the anthropometric indices and the degree of craniofacial asymmetry were measured, and average craniofacial meshes and color-asymmetry maps with craniofacial asymmetry scores were calculated.
RESULTS
A total of 373 photographs from 66 infants were obtained. In both genders, the highest and lowest growth rates for all anthropometric indices were noted between 1 and 2 months and between 9 and 12 months, respectively. Overall, male infants had higher anthropometric indices, head volume, and head circumference than female infants. The craniofacial asymmetry score was presented with a descending pattern from 1 to 12 months of age in both sex groups. Both sex groups showed decreased left-sided laterality in the temporal-parietal-occipital region between 1 and 4 months of age and increased right frontal-temporal prominence between 6 and 12 months of age.
CONCLUSIONS
A longitudinal evaluation of the craniofacial growth of healthy infants during their first year of life was presented.
Topics: Anthropometry; Cephalometry; Facial Asymmetry; Female; Head; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male
PubMed: 36231433
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912133 -
BMC Pediatrics Apr 2017Low birth weight (Birth weight < 2500 g) is a leading cause of prenatal and neonatal deaths. The early identification of Low birth weight (LBW) neonates is essential...
BACKGROUND
Low birth weight (Birth weight < 2500 g) is a leading cause of prenatal and neonatal deaths. The early identification of Low birth weight (LBW) neonates is essential for any comprehensive initiative to improve their chance of survival. However, a large proportion of births in developing countries take place at home and birth weight statistics are not available. Therefore, there is a need to develop simple, inexpensive and practical methods to identify low birth weight (LBW) neonates soon after birth.
METHODS
This is a hospital based cross sectional study. Four hundred twenty two (422) live born neonates were included and anthropometric measurements were carried out within 24 h of birth by three trained nurses. Birth weight was measured by digital scale. Head and chest circumference were measured by using non extendable measuring tape and foot length with hard transparent plastic ruler. Data was entered into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Characteristics of study participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage for categorical data and mean and standard deviation for continuous data. Correlation with birth weight using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to identify the association between dependent and independent variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate accuracy of the anthropometric measurements to predict LBW.
RESULTS
The prevalence of low birth weight was found to be 27%. All anthropometric measurements had a positive correlation with birth weight, chest circumference attaining the highest correlation with birth weight (r = 0.85) and foot length had the weakest correlation (r = 0.74). Head circumference had the highest predictive value for birth weight (AUC = 0.93) followed by Chest circumference (AUC = 0.91). A cut off point of chest circumference 30.15 cm had 84.2% sensitivity, 85.4% specificity and diagnostic accuracy (P < 0.001). A cut off point of head circumference 33.25 had the highest positive predictive value (77%).
CONCLUSION
Chest circumference and head circumference were found to be better surrogate measurements to identify low birth weight neonates.
Topics: Anthropometry; Birth Weight; Cross-Sectional Studies; Developing Countries; Ethiopia; Female; Foot; Head; Hospitals; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Thorax
PubMed: 28431500
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0866-0 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2021The development of head shape and volume may reflect neurodevelopmental outcome and therefore is of paramount importance in neonatal care. Here, we compare head... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Stereophotogrammetric head shape assessment in neonates is feasible and can identify distinct differences between term-born and very preterm infants at term equivalent age.
The development of head shape and volume may reflect neurodevelopmental outcome and therefore is of paramount importance in neonatal care. Here, we compare head morphology in 25 very preterm infants with a birth weight of below 1500 g and / or a gestational age (GA) before 32 completed weeks to 25 term infants with a GA of 37-42 weeks at term equivalent age (TEA) and identify possible risk factors for non-synostotic head shape deformities. For three-dimensional head assessments, a portable stereophotogrammetric device was used. The most common and distinct head shape deformity in preterm infants was dolichocephaly. Severity of dolichocephaly correlated with GA and body weight at TEA but not with other factors such as neonatal morbidity, sex or total duration of respiratory support. Head circumference (HC) and cranial volume (CV) were not significantly different between the preterm and term infant group. Digitally measured HC and the CV significantly correlated even in infants with head shape deformities. Our study shows that stereophotogrammetric head assessment is feasible in all preterm and term infants and provides valuable information on volumetry and comprehensive head shape characteristics. In a small sample of preterm infants, body weight at TEA was identified as a specific risk factor for the development of dolichocephaly.
Topics: Female; Head; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Male; Photogrammetry
PubMed: 34707196
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00680-1 -
Journal of Clinical Research in... Sep 2012Intrauterine growth references are primarily useful indicators in the assessment of the general health status of newborn infants. Although Lubchenco's references are...
OBJECTIVE
Intrauterine growth references are primarily useful indicators in the assessment of the general health status of newborn infants. Although Lubchenco's references are still used in many neonatal care units, we believe that there is a need for up-to-date intrauterine growth references specific for different populations. To develop gestational age-and gender-specific national references for birth weight, birth length and head circumference.
METHODS
Data were collected from neonatal records of perinatology services of eleven hospitals from January to December 2009. The anthropometry of a total of 4750 singleton live births born between 28 and 41 weeks of gestation were recorded. Means and standard deviations were calculated, and percentiles for each gender and gestational week were produced using the LMS program. The results were compared with US infants and also with local data.
RESULTS
Gestational age- and gender-specific 3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th, 90th, 95th and 97th percentile values were produced. Comparison of the 10th, 50th and 90th percentile values showed that the boys were heavier and longer than the girls. Head circumference values were also higher in the boys. Proportions of small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants in the sample were 10.1%, 79.1% and 10.8%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
These gender- and gestational age-specific references will be of use in clinical practice and also for research purposes until more comprehensive, reliable and accessible national data pertaining to the intrauterine growth of Turkish infants are produced.
Topics: Birth Weight; Body Height; Body Size; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fetal Development; Fetal Macrosomia; Growth Charts; Head; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Male; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Sex Characteristics; Turkey
PubMed: 22664362
DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.693