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Scientific Reports Mar 2021Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity and risk factor for postoperative complications in head and neck (H&N) microsurgical reconstructions. Our study focused on... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity and risk factor for postoperative complications in head and neck (H&N) microsurgical reconstructions. Our study focused on the association between DM and individual complications regarding both surgical and medical aspects. A meta-analysis of English-language articles comparing a series of complications between DM and non-DM H&N free-flap recipients was performed by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA). Twenty-seven articles presented 14,233 H&N free-flap reconstructions, and a subset of 2329 analyses including diabetic cases was included for final analysis. Total postoperative (RR = 1.194, p < 0.001; OR = 1.506, p = 0.030) and surgical (RR = 1.550, p = 0.001; OR = 3.362, p < 0.001) complications were increased in DM subjects. Free-flap failure/necrosis (RR = 1.577, p = 0.001; OR = 1.999, p = 0.001) and surgical site infections (OR = 2.414, p < 0.001) were also increased in diabetic recipients. However, return to the operating room, dehiscence, fistulas, plate exposures, readmissions, and mortalities were not increased in DM patients. DM increased various complications in H&N free-flap reconstructions. Surgical indications should be cautiously evaluated, and aggressive treatments should be implemented for high-risk recipients.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus; Free Tissue Flaps; Head; Humans; Neck; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Wound Infection
PubMed: 33727645
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85410-3 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Nov 2023Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is on the CDC Watch List of Antimicrobial Resistance Threats, yet there is no systematic surveillance to monitor change.
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is on the CDC Watch List of Antimicrobial Resistance Threats, yet there is no systematic surveillance to monitor change.
METHODS
We initiated surveillance in sexual health clinics in 6 cities, selecting a quota sample of urogenital specimens tested for gonorrhea and/or chlamydia. We abstracted patient data from medical records and detected MG and macrolide-resistance mutations (MRMs) by nucleic acid amplification testing. We used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for sampling criteria (site, birth sex, symptom status).
RESULTS
From October-December 2020 we tested 1743 urogenital specimens: 57.0% from males, 46.1% from non-Hispanic Black persons, and 43.8% from symptomatic patients. MG prevalence was 16.6% (95% CI: 14.9-18.5%; site-specific range: 9.9-23.5%) and higher in St Louis (aPR: 1.9; 1.27-2.85), Greensboro (aPR: 1.8; 1.18-2.79), and Denver (aPR: 1.7; 1.12-2.44) than Seattle. Prevalence was highest in persons <18 years (30.4%) and declined 3% per each additional year of age (aPR: .97; .955-.982). MG was detected in 26.8%, 21.1%, 11.8%, and 15.4% of urethritis, vaginitis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), respectively. It was present in 9% of asymptomatic males and 15.4% of asymptomatic females, and associated with male urethritis (aPR: 1.7; 1.22-2.50) and chlamydia (aPR: 1.7; 1.13-2.53). MRM prevalence was 59.1% (95% CI: 53.1-64.8%; site-specific range: 51.3-70.6%). MRMs were associated with vaginitis (aPR: 1.8; 1.14-2.85), cervicitis (aPR: 3.5; 1.69-7.30), and PID cervicitis (aPR: 1.8; 1.09-3.08).
CONCLUSIONS
MG infection is common in persons at high risk of sexually transmitted infections; testing symptomatic patients would facilitate appropriate therapy. Macrolide resistance is high and azithromycin should not be used without resistance testing.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Urethritis; Mycoplasma genitalium; Uterine Cervicitis; Sexual Health; Macrolides; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Vaginitis; Mycoplasma Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 37402645
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad405 -
British Medical Journal Mar 1978
Topics: Female; Humans; Infections; Male; Muscular Diseases; Neck; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Syndrome
PubMed: 630355
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.6115.786-b -
British Medical Journal Feb 1978
Topics: Cross Infection; Humans; Movement Disorders; Neck; Spinal Diseases; Syndrome
PubMed: 626833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.6111.511 -
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics &... May 2019This study aims to identify the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and cervicitis among 511 female workers attending gynecological examination and determine the risk...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to identify the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and cervicitis among 511 female workers attending gynecological examination and determine the risk factors for bacterial vaginosis and cervicitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study enrolled 511 female workers attending gynecological examination in Changchun Obstetrics-Gynaecology Hospital in Changchun city from January 1,2015 to December 31, 2015. A structured questionnaire was designed to survey the general demographic characteristics, living habits and health status of the participants. Gynecological examinations were performed to assess the presence of bacterial vaginosis and cervicitis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors associated with bacterial vaginosis and cervicitis.
RESULTS
Of 511 female workers (median age, 40 years) were enrolled in our study, the prevalence of BV was 5.3%, and the prevalence of cervicitis was 22.1%. In multivariable analysis, women of specific ethnic groups had a higher odds ratio of BV (OR = 3.332, 95%CI 1.014-10.955) and premenopausal women had a reduced odds ratio of BV(OR = 0.162, 95%CI 0.061-0.425). Higher levels of education were associated with a reduced odds ratio of cervicitis (OR = 0.248, 95%CI 0.080-0.772).
CONCLUSIONS
BV and cervicitis were both common among female workers. Improving women's educational level should be concerned so as to reduce the prevalence of cervicitis.
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Occupational Health Services; Pregnancy; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Uterine Cervicitis; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Young Adult
PubMed: 31122530
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.11.036 -
Journal of Pediatric Health Care :... 2004Cervical lymphadenopathy is a common problem in children. The condition most commonly represents a transient response to a benign local or generalized infection, but... (Review)
Review
Cervical lymphadenopathy is a common problem in children. The condition most commonly represents a transient response to a benign local or generalized infection, but occasionally it might herald the presence of a more serious disorder. Acute bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy usually is caused by a viral upper respiratory tract infection or streptococcal pharyngitis. Acute unilateral cervical lymphadenitis is caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal infection in 40% to 80% of cases. The most common causes of subacute or chronic lymphadenitis are cat scratch disease, mycobacterial infection, and toxoplasmosis. Supraclavicular or posterior cervical lymphadenopathy carries a much higher risk for malignancies than does anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Generalized lymphadenopathy is often caused by a viral infection, and less frequently by malignancies, collagen vascular diseases, and medications. Laboratory tests are not necessary in the majority of children with cervical lymphadenopathy. Most cases of lymphadenopathy are self-limited and require no treatment. The treatment of acute bacterial cervical lymphadenitis without a known primary source should provide adequate coverage for both Staphylococcus aureus and group A beta hemolytic streptococci.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphatic Vessel Tumors; Neck
PubMed: 14722499
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2003.08.008 -
Singapore Medical Journal May 2012Deep neck infections (DNI) have a propensity to spread rapidly along the interconnected deep neck spaces and compromise the airway, cervical vessels and spinal canal.... (Review)
Review
Deep neck infections (DNI) have a propensity to spread rapidly along the interconnected deep neck spaces and compromise the airway, cervical vessels and spinal canal. The value of imaging lies in delineating the anatomical extent of the disease process, identifying the source of infection and detecting complications. Its role in the identification and drainage of abscesses is well known. This paper pictorially illustrates infections of important deep neck spaces. The merits and drawbacks of imaging modalities used for assessment of DNI, the relevant anatomy and the possible sources of infection of each deep neck space are discussed. Certain imaging features that alter the management of DNI have been highlighted.
Topics: Abscess; Diagnosis, Differential; Drainage; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neck; Neck Pain; Soft Tissue Infections; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 22584969
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Jul 2017Health consequences of sexually transmitted diseases disproportionately affect women, making it important to determine whether newly emerged pathogens cause sequelae.... (Review)
Review
Health consequences of sexually transmitted diseases disproportionately affect women, making it important to determine whether newly emerged pathogens cause sequelae. Although the pathogenic role of Mycoplasma genitalium in male urethritis is clear, fewer studies have been conducted among women to determine its pathogenic role in the female reproductive tract. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an important cause of infertility and ectopic pregnancy, and Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are recognized microbial causes. Emerging data demonstrate an association between M. genitalium and PID, and limited data suggest associations with infertility and preterm birth, yet the attributable risk for female genital tract infections remains to be defined. Further investigations are needed to better define the impact of M. genitalium on women's reproductive health. Importantly, prospective studies evaluating whether screening programs and targeted treatment of M. genitalium improve reproductive outcomes in women are necessary to guide public health policy for this emerging pathogen.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma genitalium; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Premature Birth; Risk Factors; Uterine Cervicitis
PubMed: 28838078
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix198 -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022In order to investigate the expression levels of serum IFN-, IL-4, and tumor necrosis TNF- in patients with cervicitis complicated with human papillomavirus (HPV)...
In order to investigate the expression levels of serum IFN-, IL-4, and tumor necrosis TNF- in patients with cervicitis complicated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and clinical significance, a retrospective study was conducted on 90 patients with chronic cervicitis complicated by HP V infection who visited our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021, and they are included in the research group. According to the degree of HPV infection, the patients are divided into low-risk HPV type group ( = 65 cases) and high-risk HPV type group ( = 25 cases); 50 patients with cervicitis (without HPV infection) who received treatment in our hospital are selected as control group 1. Fifty healthy women who underwent physical examination are selected as the control group 2. The general data of the two groups of patients during hospitalization are collected, and HPV-DNA, IFN-, IL-4, and TNF- are detected in all patients. For patients with cervicitis complicated by HPV infection, the IFN-indexes in the body are significantly decreased, IL-4 and TNF-are significantly increased, and with the degree of HPV infection, IFN-, IL-4, and TNF- have high diagnostic performance with HPV infection, and there is a significant correlation between the three, which can be used in cervicitis complicated with HPV infection. It is widely used in the early diagnosis and screening of infected patients.
Topics: Female; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-4; Papillomavirus Infections; Retrospective Studies; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Uterine Cervicitis
PubMed: 35463689
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3374655 -
The Brazilian Journal of Infectious... 2011To evaluate the effect of Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy on perinatal morbidity and mortality. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy on perinatal morbidity and mortality.
METHODS
Systematic review and meta-analysis in an electronic database and manual, combining high sensitivity specific descriptors seeking to answer the research objective. The articles considered to be of high methodological quality (score above 6 on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) were assessed by meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Summary estimates of 12 studies were calculated by means of Mantel-Haenszel test with 95% confidence interval. It was observed that Chlamydia infection during pregnancy increased risk of preterm labor (relative risk (RR) = 1.35 [1.11, 1.63]), low birth weight (RR = 1.52 [1.24, 1.87]) and perinatal mortality (RR = 1.84 [1.15, 2.94]). No evidence of increased risk was associated with Chlamydia infection in regard to premature rupture of membranes (RR = 1.13 [0.95, 1.34]), abortion and postpartum endometritis (RR = 1.20 [0.65, 2.20] and 0.89 [0.49, 1.61] respectively).
CONCLUSION
The diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia cervicitis during pregnancy can reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with this infection. However, clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Chlamydia Infections; Endometritis; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Perinatal Mortality; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Risk Factors; Uterine Cervicitis
PubMed: 22218511
DOI: 10.1590/s1413-86702011000600006