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Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of... Jan 2022Ameloblastoma (AB) is the most common benign epithelial odontogenic tumor occurring in the jawbone. AB is a slowly growing tumor but sometimes shows a locally invasive...
Ameloblastoma (AB) is the most common benign epithelial odontogenic tumor occurring in the jawbone. AB is a slowly growing tumor but sometimes shows a locally invasive and an aggressive growth pattern with a marked bone resorption. In addition, the local recurrence and distant metastasis of AB also sometimes occurs, which resembles one of the typical malignant potentials. From these points of view, to understand better the mechanisms of AB cell migration or invasion is necessary for the better clinical therapy and improvements of the patients' quality of life. Microtubules in eukaryotic cells reveal the shape of hollow cylinders made up of polymerized alpha (α)- and beta (β)-tubulin dimers and form the cytoskeleton together with microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Microtubules play important roles in cell migration by undergoing assembly and disassembly with post-translational modifications. Stability of microtubules caused by their acetylation is involved in cell migration. In this study, we investigated the expression and distribution of acetylated α-tubulin and alpha-tubulin N-acetyltransferase 1 (αTAT1), an enzyme which acetylates Lys-40 in α-tubulin, in AB specimens, and analyzed how tubulin was acetylated by αTAT1 activation in a human AB cell line, AM-1. Finally, we clarified that TGF-β-activated kinase1 (TAK1) was phosphorylated by TGF-β stimulation, then, induced tubulin acetylation via αTAT1 activation, which subsequently activated the migration and invasion of AB cells.
Topics: Acetylation; Acetyltransferases; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; Male; Microtubule Proteins; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; RNA Interference; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tubulin; Young Adult
PubMed: 34508164
DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00671-w -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2020primary maxillofacial tumors are uncommon in pediatric patients. When they do occur, the tissue damage caused directly alters facial growth, development as well as...
INTRODUCTION
primary maxillofacial tumors are uncommon in pediatric patients. When they do occur, the tissue damage caused directly alters facial growth, development as well as psycho-social evolution. This study was carried out to determine the pattern, sociodemographic characteristics and histologic peculiarities of paediatric jaw tumors in our environment.
METHODS
a retrospective hospital-based study where the case notes of children below the age of 14 years who presented with jaw tumors and tumor-like lesions from January 2014 to December 2018 were studied.
RESULTS
eighty-two patients were studied; patients aged 10-14 years had the highest representation. Mean time of presentation was 8 months with jaw swelling being the commonest presentation (84.1%). Majority of the fathers were in their 4 decade of life while most of the mothers were in their third decade of life and both parents possessed primary school certificate as their highest level of educational attainment. Fathers were mostly traders, while mothers were mostly full-time housewives. The maxilla and mandible were most commonly affected with the left side showing higher preponderance. Burkitt lymphoma (19 (23.2%)) and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (14 (17.1%)) were the commonest lesions. When the tumor involved both the maxilla and the mandible, the tumor was most likely malignant.
CONCLUSION
in our center, paediatric jaw tumors are commonest in male children with the 10-14 years´ age group most commonly affected. Burkitt lymphoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors were the commonest tumors. Early presentation must be encouraged since these tumors if presented early can be successfully treated.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Distribution; Ameloblastoma; Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Educational Status; Fathers; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Maxillary Neoplasms; Mothers; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Tertiary Care Centers
PubMed: 32821322
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.111.23695 -
Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2020The aim of this study was to describe a series with 66 cases of infected cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) and to discuss the demographic distribution, clinicoradiographic... (Review)
Review
The aim of this study was to describe a series with 66 cases of infected cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) and to discuss the demographic distribution, clinicoradiographic features and treatment of this condition. A study looking back on the diagnoses made at a single Brazilian centre within a 28-year timeframe was performed. A literature review with searches across five databases was also conducted to identify reports on osteomyelitis/infected COD. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed. The case series study showed a female/male ratio of 21:1. Affected individuals' mean age was 57.4 years. Mandible was the most affected site (95.5%) and florid subtype was the most frequent infected COD (62.1%). Tooth extraction was the main factor associated with the development of infection associated within a COD lesion. The literature review retrieved 30 studies reporting 46 cases of this condition. Asian women in their 40 s and 50 s were more affected. Surgery for removal/curettage of necrotic bone was acknowledged as an appropriate approach to the treatment of this infection. The clinicodemographic data of the study were similar to data collected across the literature. Clinicians, maxillofacial surgeons and oral rehabilitation providers should be alert to the diagnosis of COD, since infection is a frequent complication whose management is challenging.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brazil; Cementoma; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Prevalence
PubMed: 31011984
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-019-01037-x -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... May 2022Ameloblastic carcinoma is a malignant odontogenic neoplasm that has been reported only rarely in veterinary species. A 16-y-old Arabian crossbred mare was presented for... (Review)
Review
Ameloblastic carcinoma is a malignant odontogenic neoplasm that has been reported only rarely in veterinary species. A 16-y-old Arabian crossbred mare was presented for evaluation of a hard mass on the body of the mandible, with evidence of osteolysis on radiographs. Incisional biopsies revealed an invasive neoplasm comprised of spindloid epithelial cells with a high mitotic count and partial dual cytokeratin-vimentin immunoreactivity. The horse was euthanized because of rapid tumor progression 3 mo after presentation. Postmortem evaluation revealed partial obliteration of the mandible by a large, firm-to-hard, tan, locally destructive and invasive mass with no gross or histologic evidence of metastasis. Postmortem histology revealed a poorly differentiated epithelial neoplasm with variably prominent features suggestive of odontogenic histogenesis: a plexiform ribbon architecture, infrequent basilar palisading with antibasilar nuclei, rare basilar cytoplasmic clearing, subepithelial matrix hyalinization, and partial dual cytokeratin-vimentin immunoreactivity. Features of malignancy included regions of necrosis, pronounced cellular atypia, a high mitotic count, extensive tissue invasion and local tissue destruction, and extension of neoplastic cells beyond the margins of the mandibular bone. Collectively, these features are most consistent with mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma. Including our case described here, ameloblastic carcinoma has been reported in only 5 horses. The microscopic features reported most consistently are dual cytokeratin-vimentin immunoreactivity, a high mitotic count, and basilar palisading. Ameloblastic carcinoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis for rapidly growing, locally invasive masses arising from the dentate jaw of horses.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Animals; Carcinoma; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Keratins; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors; Vimentin
PubMed: 35037545
DOI: 10.1177/10406387211068459 -
Journal of Oral Science Dec 2010Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst in the jaw. Because of its diverse histopathologic features and biological behavior, there has long...
Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst in the jaw. Because of its diverse histopathologic features and biological behavior, there has long been confusion with regard to its nature as a cyst or neoplasm. This study evaluated the proliferative activity of 57 COC samples, including simple cyst (10 cases), cystic neoplasm (34 cases), solid neoplasm (6 cases) and combined lesion (7 cases) by p53 and PCNA immunohistochemical staining. For assessment of p53 and PCNA positivity, the number of positively stained cells with brown-stained nuclei was counted in 1000 cells from each sample. p53 and PCNA expression in the solid neoplasm subtype were significantly higher when compared to cystic neoplasm and simple cyst (P < 0.05). The lowest p53 and PCNA expression was found in the simple cyst subtype. p53 and PCNA expression in the basal and suprabasal layers was significantly higher in the solid subtype when compared to others, and the difference between COC groups was significant. The results demonstrated that within benign types of COC, the amount of p53 and PCNA in proliferative epithelium is significantly higher when compared to non-proliferative epithelium. p53 and PCNA markers are possible parameters for differentiation of COC subtypes.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Child; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Retrospective Studies; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Young Adult
PubMed: 21206164
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.52.609 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2014Over the past decade, there have been remarkable advances in bone tumor pathology. Insights into the genetic basis and pathobiology of many tumor types have impacted... (Review)
Review
Over the past decade, there have been remarkable advances in bone tumor pathology. Insights into the genetic basis and pathobiology of many tumor types have impacted diagnosis, classification, and treatment. However, because gnathic lesions may comprise only a small proportion of cases overall for many tumors, clinicopathologic features and management considerations specific to this subset may be overlooked. Here we provide a summary of recent developments in the following tumor types: osteosarcoma (OS), chondrosarcoma (CS), osteoid osteoma (OO), osteoblastoma (OB), and Ewing sarcoma (ES). In particular, we will give special consideration to cases arising in the jaws.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Cartilage; Chondrosarcoma; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Osteoblastoma; Osteoma, Osteoid; Osteosarcoma; Sarcoma, Ewing
PubMed: 25409851
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-014-0587-8 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Feb 2010Reconstructing irradiated mandibles with biomaterials is still a challenge but little investigated. We collected data that could help us understand studies in the field... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Reconstructing irradiated mandibles with biomaterials is still a challenge but little investigated. We collected data that could help us understand studies in the field of regeneration with biomaterials and irradiated bone.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review of the literature.
RESULTS
Delay and duration of radiation delivery and total equivalent dose are the most variable parameters in the various studies, resulting in confusion when interpreting the literature. Most reproducible experiments show that radiation reduces osteogenic cell numbers, alters cytokine capacity, and delays and damages bone remodeling. Interindividual variations and how such changes become irreversible lesions are still uncertain. In the case of regeneration using biomaterials, most studies have addressed the question of reconstruction in previously irradiated bone. The results show that osseointegration is often possible, although the failure rate is higher. The sooner the implantation takes place after the end of the radiation, the higher the likelihood of failure. Few studies have focused on primary reconstruction followed by early irradiation, and most of the currently available engineering models would be altered by radiation. Good outcomes have been obtained with bone morphogenetic protein and with total bone marrow transplanation.
CONCLUSION
This review points out the difficulties in achieving reproducible experiments and interpreting literature in this underinvestigated field.
Topics: Animals; Bone Development; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Bone Remodeling; Bone Substitutes; Bone Transplantation; Bone and Bones; Cranial Irradiation; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Mandible; Mandibular Neoplasms; Osteogenesis, Distraction; Osteoradionecrosis; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 20123406
DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.10.001 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Sep 2015Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare intraosseous carcinoma of the jaw; only 81 cases have been reported in the English literatures.
BACKGROUND
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare intraosseous carcinoma of the jaw; only 81 cases have been reported in the English literatures.
CASE PRESENTATION
We reported an additional case and reviewed the existing literature. A 70-year-old woman presented with a large painful radiolucent mandibular lesion from the right canine to the left angle area through the midline. No metastatic lymph nodes or distant metastases were detected. She underwent wide surgical resection and reconstruction with a composite fibula free flap. She had no recurrence or metastasis after 18 months.
CONCLUSION
CCOC occurs predominantly in women in their 50s-70s in the mandible. Painless swelling is the most common symptom, followed by pain, teeth loosening, and paresthesia. CCOC has a good prognosis after surgery. In large mandibular CCOC, wide resection and composite fibula free flap reconstruction is the treatment of choice.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Female; Humans; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors; Prognosis; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 26404490
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0693-4 -
Ghana Medical Journal Sep 2018Metastatic tumours of the oral cavity are not common. The most common site for bone metastases in the head and neck region is the mandible. Metastatic lesion of the...
Metastatic tumours of the oral cavity are not common. The most common site for bone metastases in the head and neck region is the mandible. Metastatic lesion of the mandible most commonly originate from the lungs in men and breast in women, and these lesions (or tumours) usually are carcinomas rather than sarcomas. We report two cases of metastatic lesions in the mandible: (1) A 19year old male with right mandibular swelling and a nodular swelling in the distal two-third of the right tibia. Radiograghs revealed sclerotic lesion with a sunburst appearance in both the jaw and tibia. Histology of the jaw lesion confirmed a metastatic osteosarcoma of the mandible. (2) A 51year old female with a right mandibular swelling with associated swelling in the anterior neck, right shoulder and right parietal region of the skull. Computerised tomography scan (CT) of the jaws showed an osteolytic lesion of the right mandible. CT scan of the brain also showed a large lytic lesion seen in the posterior aspect of the right parietal bone. Histology of the jaw mass confirmed a metastatic follicular carcinoma from the thyroid. Mandibular metastasis may be the first presenting feature of underlying occult malignancy of another primary site. Therefore, clinicians should maintain a high level of suspicion while evaluating patients with a history of cancer presenting with oral lesions.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Carcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Osteosarcoma; Palliative Care; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 30602804
DOI: 10.4314/gmj.v52i3.11 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2011The ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is an uncommon odontogenic tumor occurring in childhood with limited reported data on recurrence. The purpose of this AFO study was... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is an uncommon odontogenic tumor occurring in childhood with limited reported data on recurrence. The purpose of this AFO study was to review its clinicopathologic features, investigate treatment modalities and establish a recurrence rate.
STUDY DESIGN
The clinicopathologic features of 12 new cases of AFO were analyzed and compared with those of 208 cases from the literature, with special emphasis on the clinical behavior, treatment, and recurrence rate.
RESULTS
The average age was 9.4 (+/- 6.7) years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. The mandible was the site of occurrence in 59.5%. The tumor most often presented radiographically as a unilocular mixed density lesion associated with the crown of an impacted tooth. Displacement of teeth, delayed eruption and bony expansion were commonplace. There were 5 recurrences among 68 cases with adequate follow-up for a recurrence rate of 7.4%. All recurrences were attributed to incomplete removal at the time of the initial surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
The AFO is a childhood tumor most often affecting the posterior jaws and frequently causing bony expansion with profound affects on the dentition. Conservative surgical removal with extraction of the associated teeth is recommended. The established recurrence rate is less than 10%.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Odontoma; Tooth, Impacted; Young Adult
PubMed: 22046699
DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.35.4.t3387t25865758w3