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Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... May 2017This study aimed to compare the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of ameloblastomas (AM) and ameloblastic carcinomas (AC). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to compare the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of ameloblastomas (AM) and ameloblastic carcinomas (AC).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Fifteen cases of AM and 9 AC were submitted to hematoxilin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical analysis with the following antibodies: cytokeratins 5,7,8,14 and 19, Ki-67, p53, p63 and the cellular adhesion molecules CD138 (Syndecan-1), E-cadherin and β-catenin. The mean score of the expression of Ki-67 and p53 labelling index (LIs) were compared between the groups using the t test. A value of p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
RESULTS
All cases were positive for CKs 5, 14 and 19, but negative for CKs 7 and 8. CKs 5 and 19 were positive mainly in the central regions of the ameloblastic islands, while the expression in AC was variable in intensity and localization. CK14 was also variably expressed in both AM and AC. Ki-67 (P=.001) and p53 (P=.004) immunoexpression was higher in AC. All cases were positive for p63, but values were higher in AC. CD138 was mainly expressed in peripheral cells of AM, with a weak positivity in the central areas, while it was positive in most areas of ACs, except in less differentiated regions, where expression was decreased or lost. E-cadherin and β-catenin were weakly positive in both AM and AC.
CONCLUSIONS
These results shows that Ki-67, p53 and p63 expression was higher in AC as compared to AM, suggesting that these markers can be useful when considering diagnosis of malignancy, and perhaps could play a role in malignant transformation of AM. Pattern of expression of CKs 5 and 19 in AC were different to those found in AM, suggesting genetic alterations of these proteins in malignant cells. It was confirmed that CK19 is a good marker for benign odontogenic tumors, such as AM, but it is variably expressed in malignant cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ameloblastoma; Antibodies, Neoplasm; Child; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Young Adult
PubMed: 28390135
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.21901 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... May 2017Primordial Odontogenic Tumor (POT) is a recently described odontogenic tumor characterized by a variably cellular loose fibrous tissue with areas similar to the dental...
BACKGROUND
Primordial Odontogenic Tumor (POT) is a recently described odontogenic tumor characterized by a variably cellular loose fibrous tissue with areas similar to the dental papilla, covered by cuboidal to columnar epithelium that resembles the internal epithelium of the enamel organ, surrounded at least partly by a delicate fibrous capsule. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible histogenesis and biological behavior of this rare tumor by means of a wide immunohistochemical analysis of its epithelial and mesenchymal components.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The immunoexpression of twenty-three different antibodies were evaluated in four cases of POT.
RESULTS
The epithelial cells that cover the periphery of the tumor showed immunopositivity for Cytokeratins 14 and 19, while Amelogenin, Glut-1, MOC-31, Caveolin-1. Galectin-3, PITX2, p53, Bax, Bcl-2, Survivin and PTEN were variably expressed in focal areas. The mesenchymal component of the tumor was positive for Vimentin, Syndecan-1, PITX2, Endoglin (CD105), CD 34, Cyclin D1, Bax, Bcl-2, Survivin and p53. PTEN and CD 90 showed a moderate positivity. BRAF V600E and Calretinin were negative in all samples. Cell proliferation markers (Ki-67, MCM-7) were expressed in <5% of the tumor cells.
CONCLUSIONS
According to these immunohistochemical findings, we may conclude that POT is a benign odontogenic tumor in which there is both epithelial and mesenchymal activity during its histogenesis, as there is expression of certain components in particular zones in both tissues that suggests this tumor develops during the immature (primordial) stage of tooth development, leading to its inclusion within the group of benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumours in the current World Health Organization classification of these lesions.
Topics: Adolescent; Antibodies, Neoplasm; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 28390134
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.21859 -
CA: a Cancer Journal For Clinicians 1959
Topics: Dental Prosthesis; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Mouth Neoplasms
PubMed: 13833345
DOI: 10.3322/canjclin.9.4.118 -
Journal of the National Medical... Sep 1973
Topics: Africa; Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Cytarabine; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Methotrexate; Vincristine
PubMed: 4744050
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2018Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor with the histologic features of ameloblastic fibroma (AF) but also contains enamel and dentin. It is... (Review)
Review
Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor with the histologic features of ameloblastic fibroma (AF) but also contains enamel and dentin. It is most commonly observed in the pediatric population. Distinction between AFO and AF becomes important as ameloblastic fibromas are associated with higher recurrence rates of up to 18%, and 35% of these recurrent lesions can undergo malignant transformation to ameloblastic fibrosarcoma. Hence, for amelobastic fibroma, conservative curettage is recommended for the initial lesion and marginal resection is considered for recurrent cases. In contrast, AFO can be treated with simple curettage and the recurrence rate is approximately seven percent. Malignant transformation of AFO is exceedingly rare. Therefore, the treatment and prognosis differs for these two histologically similar neoplasms. We present a case of a 17-year-old boy who was initially diagnosed with ameloblastic fibroma upon biopsy, with subsequent curettage specimen showing AFO, which carries a better prognosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Curettage; Humans; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontoma
PubMed: 30085878
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-42.6.10 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Apr 2009Meningiomas are benign tumors of mesodermal origin that arise from arachnoid cell clusters that penetrate the dura to form arachnoid villi. These neoplasms represent one... (Review)
Review
Meningiomas are benign tumors of mesodermal origin that arise from arachnoid cell clusters that penetrate the dura to form arachnoid villi. These neoplasms represent one of the most common neoplasms developing within the central nervous system and are usually located at points of entry of vessels and nerves through the dura. Extracranial meningiomas (EM) comprise only 2% of all meningiomas, and only six cases of primary EM of the jawbones have been described to date. They may arise as an extension of intracranial meningiomas or as primary tumors and may be clinically indistinguishable from other benign tumours of the jaws, as they usually present as a well-delineated unencapsulated tumors. In this article a case of primary intramandibular primary EM that appeared as a well-defined osteolytic radiolucent lesion of the jaw is reported. The salient clinico-pathological features of this case is compared to those previously reported in the literature and differential diagnosis and therapeutic considerations are discussed.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mandibular Neoplasms; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Radiography
PubMed: 19333184
DOI: No ID Found -
Nature Communications Nov 2018Giant cell lesions of the jaw (GCLJ) are debilitating tumors of unknown origin with limited available therapies. Here, we analyze 58 sporadic samples using next...
Giant cell lesions of the jaw (GCLJ) are debilitating tumors of unknown origin with limited available therapies. Here, we analyze 58 sporadic samples using next generation or targeted sequencing and report somatic, heterozygous, gain-of-function mutations in KRAS, FGFR1, and p.M713V/I-TRPV4 in 72% (42/58) of GCLJ. TRPV4 p.M713V/I mutations are exclusive to central GCLJ and occur at a critical position adjacent to the cation permeable pore of the channel. Expression of TRPV4 mutants in HEK293 cells leads to increased cell death, as well as increased constitutive and stimulated channel activity, both of which can be prevented using TRPV4 antagonists. Furthermore, these mutations induce sustained activation of ERK1/2, indicating that their effects converge with that of KRAS and FGFR1 mutations on the activation of the MAPK pathway in GCLJ. Our data extend the spectrum of TRPV4 channelopathies and provide rationale for the use of TRPV4 and RAS/MAPK antagonists at the bedside in GCLJ.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Computer Simulation; Female; Gain of Function Mutation; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone; HEK293 Cells; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Male; Middle Aged; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Analysis, RNA; TRPV Cation Channels; Exome Sequencing; Young Adult
PubMed: 30385747
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06690-4 -
Diagnostic Pathology Mar 2014The clinicopathologic characteristics of multiple ossifying fibroma (OF) are unclear due to the condition's rarity, making diagnosis challenging. Sporadic multiple OFs... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The clinicopathologic characteristics of multiple ossifying fibroma (OF) are unclear due to the condition's rarity, making diagnosis challenging. Sporadic multiple OFs must be distinguished from hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour syndrome (HPT-JT) related OF and other fibro-osseous lesions.
METHODS
Multiple OF cases were identified from ossifying fibroma cases. Clinical data including age, sex, anatomic site, radiographic features, clinical impression, treatment and available follow-up data as well as serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were recorded. GNAS and HRPT2 genetic mutations were examined in the two present cases. Case reports of sporadic multiple ossifying fibroma and HPT-JT-related OF were also reviewed.
RESULTS
The two present cases were confirmed as sporadic multiple OF, with no genetic GNAS and HRPT2 mutations found. The incidence of sporadic multiple ossifying fibroma was 2.0% (2/102). The total 18 sporadic multiform OF cases were characterized as followed: 13 (72.2%) female; 5 (27.8%) male; mean age 28.6 years; 2/16 (11.1%) cases only in the mandible; 4/18 (22.2%) cases only in the maxilla; and 12/18 (66.7%) cases in both the maxilla and mandible. Radiographically, the lesions were radiolucent in 5/18 (27.8%) cases and mixed density in 13/18 (72.2%) cases. Along with 24 cases of HPT-JT related OF were reviewed, sixteen (66.7%) patients were diagnosed with a single lesion, and 8 patients (33.3%) were diagnosed with multiple jaw lesions.
CONCLUSIONS
Sporadic multiple OFs are very rare, but must be distinguished from HPT-JT related OF. We strongly recommend that patients diagnosed with multiple ossifying fibromas receive serum PTH testing and mutation screening of HRPT2.
VIRTUAL SLIDES
http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1194507146115753.
Topics: Adenoma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Chromogranins; DNA Mutational Analysis; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fibroma; Fibroma, Ossifying; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Mutation; Parathyroid Hormone; Predictive Value of Tests; Radiography, Panoramic; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Young Adult
PubMed: 24678936
DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-75 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Jan 2006The Odontogenic Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma (PIOC) are a rare group of malignant tumours with strict clinic and anatomy pathological diagnosis criteria. The different... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The Odontogenic Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma (PIOC) are a rare group of malignant tumours with strict clinic and anatomy pathological diagnosis criteria. The different classification suggested for these tumours and the small amount of cases described in literature makes it hard to know exactly how many of the cases published until now are real.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We present three new cases of PIOC originated from a previous cystic lesion that where treated in our Hospital. Two of them in the posterior jaw region where is more frequent, and the third in the upper jaw. We explain the procedure we used in each case and the aesthetic-functional reconstruction used witches are two fibula osteomyocutaneous free flaps and a bone graft of iliac crest and further placing of implants. The classification, the clinical and radiological diagnosis, the treatment and its survival are discussed.
RESULTS
In all three cases we were able to see in the anatomy pathological study an epithelial, exclusively without surrounding oral mucosa affectation or tissues near the lesion as well as the lack of tumorous pathology in other parts of the body. One of the patients died because of premature massive cervical recidiva while the other two patients are currently free form illness, for ten years one of them and fifteen months the other.
CONCLUSIONS
The anatomy pathological study of all of the lesions of cystic characteristics at jaw level is very important because of the risk of coexisting with carcinomatous cells. The treatment of these tumours consists in practising aggressive surgery and, in some cases, radio and/or chemotherapy post intervention.
Topics: Adolescent; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumor, Squamous; Oral Surgical Procedures; Precancerous Conditions; Surgical Flaps; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 16388297
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Jun 2007Recently, jawbone osteonecrosis has been largely reported as a potential adverse effect of bisphosphonate (BP) administration. Because of the peculiar pharmacokinetic... (Review)
Review
Recently, jawbone osteonecrosis has been largely reported as a potential adverse effect of bisphosphonate (BP) administration. Because of the peculiar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of the BF (mainly for i.v. administration), their efficacy and large use, some major issues have to be taken into account extendedly both by oncologists and by dentists: 1) therapeutic dental protocol for patients with diagnosis of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ); 2) dental strategies for patients in former or current i.v. BF treatment and in absence of BRONJ signs; 3) strategies for patients before i.v. BF treatment. Clinical features and guidelines for the management of this condition have been investigated and reported, sometimes with unclear indications; hence, on the basis of the literature and our clinical experience, major end points of this paper are providing our run protocols for the issues above described and, finally, focusing on a crucial, but not extensively investigated point: the early and correct diagnosis of BRONJ versus metastatic jaw lesions in cancer patients.
Topics: Bone Density Conservation Agents; Bone Neoplasms; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Diphosphonates; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Osteonecrosis; Patient Education as Topic
PubMed: 17591816
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm250