-
British Medical Journal May 1972A method is described of fine-needle aspiration biopsy of liver metastases under direct guidance by ultrasonic scanning. Comparing the results with this technique and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A method is described of fine-needle aspiration biopsy of liver metastases under direct guidance by ultrasonic scanning. Comparing the results with this technique and those with liver biopsy by Menghini's method in 18 cases, we found that it was more accurate than the usual blind method.
Topics: Biopsy; Humans; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Methods; Neoplasm Metastasis; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 5031210
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5812.500 -
British Journal of Cancer Apr 2010In this review the surgery of colorectal liver metastases is discussed. It has long been known that liver surgery can cure metastatic colorectal cancer although in only... (Review)
Review
In this review the surgery of colorectal liver metastases is discussed. It has long been known that liver surgery can cure metastatic colorectal cancer although in only a small proportion of the population with the disease. However with better understanding of the natural history of the condition and advances in technique more patients can have safe, potentially curative surgery. The multidiscipline management of patients with effective chemotherapy has led to more patients benefiting from surgery after reducing the size of the metastases and allowing operation on patients who were previously inoperable. Chemotherapy also improves at least the medium-term outcome in those who are operable at the outset. Minimally invasive techniques have been developed so that major hepatectomy may be accomplished in up to half of such cases with a very short hospital stay and limited interference with quality of life. Lastly, using portal vein embolisation to cause hypertrophy of the future liver remnant and on occasions combining it with staged liver resection allows potentially curative surgery on patients who previously could not have survived resection. These developments have led to more patients being cured of advanced colorectal cancer.
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Hepatectomy; Humans; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Neoplasm Metastasis; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prognosis; Quality of Life; Radiography
PubMed: 20424612
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605659 -
Aging Jun 2015
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasm Proteins; Transcriptome
PubMed: 26081519
DOI: 10.18632/aging.100760 -
Missouri Medicine 2011Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in incidence in the United States and is strongly associated with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Surgical therapy with... (Review)
Review
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in incidence in the United States and is strongly associated with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Surgical therapy with liver transplantation or resection remains the mainstay of curative therapy for patients with HCC. Therapeutic decisions in patients with HCC are complex and are best approached via a multidisciplinary group of liver transplant and hepatobiliary surgeons, oncologists, and hepatologists. In this manuscript, we review the current surgical management of HCC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Hepatectomy; Humans; Incidence; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Neoplasm Staging; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21736080
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Aug 2003Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy, comprising approximately 1% of all pediatric cancers. The disparate clinical staging systems and... (Review)
Review
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy, comprising approximately 1% of all pediatric cancers. The disparate clinical staging systems and histologic classifications that were developed during the last decades, nevertheless, reflect the remaining difficulties and uncertainties in characterizing HB. Furthermore, the combination of surgery and (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy has improved patient outcomes dramatically. A poor prognosis is associated with large tumor size, multifocality, extrahepatic disease, and metastatic spread. The exact etiology of HB remains unknown, but the cytogenetic alterations, phenotypic features, and biologic aspects that accompany this neoplasm yield more and more insight into its pathogenesis. New cell-biologic and molecular-biologic insights may lead to the development of new treatment modalities, especially for patients with a bad prognosis. This review summarizes the different aspects of this intriguing tumor and discusses the current status of research and treatment for patients with HB.
Topics: Child; Hepatoblastoma; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis
PubMed: 12910509
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11585 -
Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 2012Orthotopic liver transplantation is an excellent treatment approach for hepatocellular carcinoma in well-selected candidates. Nowadays some institutions tend to Expand... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Orthotopic liver transplantation is an excellent treatment approach for hepatocellular carcinoma in well-selected candidates. Nowadays some institutions tend to Expand the Milan Criteria including tumor with more than 5 cm and also associate with multiple tumors none larger than 3 cm in order to benefit more patients with the orthotopic liver transplantation.
METHODS
The data collected were based on the online database PubMED. The key words applied on the search were "expanded Milan criteria" limited to the period from 2000 to 2009. We excluded 19 papers due to: irrelevance of the subject, lack of information and incompatibility of the language (English only). We compiled patient survival and tumor recurrence free rate from 1 to 5-years in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma submitted to orthotopic liver transplantation according to expanded the Milan criteria from different centers.
RESULTS
Review compiled data from 23 articles. Fourteen different criteria were found and they are also described in detail, however the University of California - San Francisco was the most studied one among them.
CONCLUSION
Expanded the Milan criteria is a useful attempt for widening the preexistent protocol for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in waiting-list for orthotopic liver transplantation. However there is no significant difference in patient survival rate and tumor recurrence free rate from those patients that followed the Milan criteria.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Patient Selection
PubMed: 23011240
DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032012000300004 -
Cancer Imaging : the Official... Oct 2007In the past few years, great improvements have been made to achieve local tumour control of primary liver malignancies and liver metastases. For hepatocellular carcinoma... (Review)
Review
In the past few years, great improvements have been made to achieve local tumour control of primary liver malignancies and liver metastases. For hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) and tumour ablation techniques, including percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), radiofrequency ablation (RF), and laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) have been developed. For colorectal liver metastases, surgery is still the standard technique in localised disease, although percutaneous RF ablation has gained considerable acceptance. In patients with widespread disease, chemotherapy with new drugs offers improved survival. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the modalities of choice to evaluate treatment response. The present review demonstrates imaging findings of complete and incomplete tumour control after intervention as well as the imaging spectrum of complications. Imaging guidelines according to the World Health Organization and Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) for assessment of chemotherapy response are presented.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Catheter Ablation; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; Contrast Media; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17921098
DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2007.9047 -
Cancer Imaging : the Official... Feb 2008Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cause of cancer, and its incidence is increasing worldwide because of the dissemination of hepatitis B and C... (Review)
Review
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cause of cancer, and its incidence is increasing worldwide because of the dissemination of hepatitis B and C virus infection. Patients with cirrhosis are at the highest risk of developing HCC and should be monitored every 6 months to diagnose the tumour at an early, asymptomatic stage. Patients with early-stage HCC should be considered for any of the available curative therapies, including surgical resection, liver transplantation and percutaneous image-guided ablation. Liver transplantation is the only option that provides cure of both the tumour and the underlying chronic liver disease. However, the lack of sufficient liver donation greatly limits its applicability. Resection is the treatment of choice for HCC in non-cirrhotic patients, who account for about 5% of the cases in western countries. However, in patients with cirrhosis, candidates for resection have to be carefully selected to reduce the risk of postoperative liver failure. It has been shown that a normal bilirubin concentration and the absence of clinically significant portal hypertension are the best predictors of excellent outcomes after surgery. However, less than 5% of cirrhotic patients with HCC fit these criteria. Image-guided percutaneous ablation is the best therapeutic choice for non-surgical patients with early-stage HCC. While ethanol injection has been the seminal percutaneous technique, radiofrequency ablation has emerged as the most effective method for local tumour destruction and is currently used as the primary ablative modality at most institutions.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Catheter Ablation; Ethanol; Hot Temperature; Humans; Laser Therapy; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Microwaves; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Severity of Illness Index; Survival Analysis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 18331969
DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2008.0004 -
Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt... 2017Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Underlying chronic liver disease has been associated with an increased risk... (Review)
Review
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Underlying chronic liver disease has been associated with an increased risk of developing HCC. This study is a review of the current literature regarding the diagnosis, prognostic significance, and role of treating underlying liver disease in patients who are at risk of primary liver cancer. Relevant peer review of the English literature between 1980 and 2017 within PubMed and the Cochrane library was conducted for scientific content on current advances in managing chronic liver diseases and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, hereditary hemochromatosis, Wilson disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, α 1-antitrypsin deficiency, and certain drugs lead to an increased risk of developing HCC. Patients with underlying liver disease have an increased incidence of HCC. Hepatitis C virus, HBV, and hemochromatosis can directly lead to HCC without the presence of cirrhosis, while HCC related to other underlying liver diseases occurs in patients with cirrhosis. Treating the underlying liver disease and reducing the progression to cirrhosis should lead to a decreased incidence of HCC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 28975833
DOI: 10.1177/1073274817729240 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Aug 2016This is an updated review of screening, early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, focusing on the advancements occurred in the last years and... (Review)
Review
This is an updated review of screening, early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, focusing on the advancements occurred in the last years and highlighting the challenges in clinical research. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is nowadays the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide with up to 740,000 new cases diagnosed each year, and it is the third most prevalent cause of cancer-related-death worldwide (1). This neoplasm usually appears linked to an underlying liver disease, being one of the most relevant causes of death in patients diagnosed of liver cirrhosis (2,3). In the last years, important advancements in terms of diagnosis, staging and treatment of HCC, improving the management and outcome of the disease, have been made (4-7). Despite the fact that these improvements have absolutely changed natural history of HCC, there are several areas that still need further advancements. The aim of this document is to discuss some controversial aspects, which in our opinion constitute real challenges in clinical research of HCC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Early Detection of Cancer; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 26653993
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2015.4012/2015