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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 2014Saprochaete clavata and Magnusiomyces capitatus are human pathogens that are frequently mistaken for each other due to their similar phenotypes and erroneous or limited...
Misidentification of Saprochaete clavata as Magnusiomyces capitatus in clinical isolates: utility of internal transcribed spacer sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and importance of reliable databases.
Saprochaete clavata and Magnusiomyces capitatus are human pathogens that are frequently mistaken for each other due to their similar phenotypes and erroneous or limited databases. Based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, we propose species-specific carbon assimilation patterns and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) fingerprints that enable the identification of S. clavata, M. capitatus, and Galactomyces candidus to the species level.
Topics: Carbon; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mycological Typing Techniques; Mycoses; Phylogeny; Saccharomycetales; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 24696028
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00039-14 -
Mycology Mar 2020Thirty-three yeasts were isolated from palm oil industrial wastes and traditional fermented foods in Thailand. Based on the analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 region...
Thirty-three yeasts were isolated from palm oil industrial wastes and traditional fermented foods in Thailand. Based on the analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) and their phenotypic characteristics, they were identified as (11 isolates), (1 isolate), (2 isolates), (1 isolate), (1 isolate), (1 isolate), (2 isolates), (5 isolates), (2 isolates), (1 isolate), and (3 isolates), (1 isolate), and (2 isolates). Seven strains, 4E-1D, 5E-1T and 5E-2D, 8E-1T and 8E-1D, and Fy-12 and Fy-13, showed high lipolytic activity ranged from 5.21 ± 0.09 to 45.68 ± 2.37 U/mL. Moreover, these seven strains exhibited good lipolytic activity after culturing in the medium containing palm oil (11.79 ± 0.67 to 28.19 ± 4.84 U/mL) and soy oil (9.14 ± 1.08 to 22.97 ± 0.69 U/mL) as lipase inducers. The result of this study suggests that the palm oil industrial wastes and Thai fermented foods could be promised as the invaluable sources of lipolytic yeasts.
PubMed: 33329923
DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2020.1745922 -
The New Microbiologica Oct 2016Magnusiomyces capitatus may cause uncommon yet severe infections, especially in patients with haematologic disorders. Diagnosis may be difficult and time-consuming and...
Management and treatment of Magnusiomyces capitatus (Geotrichum capitatum) pleural infection in a non-neutropenic patient with posaconazole. A new therapeutic opportunity?
Magnusiomyces capitatus may cause uncommon yet severe infections, especially in patients with haematologic disorders. Diagnosis may be difficult and time-consuming and newer approaches are required including the MALDI-TOF technique implemented with the detection of fungal antigens in the body fluids. The recommended treatment includes amphotericin B alone or in combination with flucytosine. We describe a case of a non-neutropenic patient with M. capitatus pleural infection, as identified by MALDI-TOF, positivity for galactomannan antigen in the BAL fluid, and successfully treated with oral posaconazole in single therapy.
Topics: Aged; Antifungal Agents; Female; Geotrichosis; Geotrichum; Humans; Triazoles
PubMed: 27284991
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2018and are members of the clade of arthroconidial yeasts that represent emerging opportunistic pulmonary pathogens in immunocompromised patients. Given that standard...
and are members of the clade of arthroconidial yeasts that represent emerging opportunistic pulmonary pathogens in immunocompromised patients. Given that standard ribosomal DNA (rDNA) identification often provides confusing results, in this study, we analyzed 34 isolates with the goal of finding new genetic markers for classification using multilocus sequencing and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). The interspecific similarity obtained using rDNA markers (the internal transcribed spacer [ITS] and large subunit regions) was in the range of 96 to 99%, whereas that obtained using protein-coding loci (, , and ) was lower at 89.4 to 95.2%. Ultimately, was selected as the best marker for species distinction. On the basis of cloned ITS data, some strains proved to be misidentified in comparison with the identities obtained with phenotypic characters, protein sequences, and AFLP profiles, indicating that different copies of the ribosomal operon were present in a single species. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed that voriconazole had the lowest MIC against , while amphotericin B had the lowest MIC against Both species exhibited resistance to fluconazole and micafungin.
Topics: Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; Antifungal Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Genetic Markers; Humans; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Pathology, Molecular; Saccharomycetales; Species Specificity
PubMed: 29070656
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01427-17 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Apr 2014Programmed translational bypassing is a process whereby ribosomes "ignore" a substantial interval of mRNA sequence. Although discovered 25 y ago, the only experimentally...
Programmed translational bypassing is a process whereby ribosomes "ignore" a substantial interval of mRNA sequence. Although discovered 25 y ago, the only experimentally confirmed example of this puzzling phenomenon is expression of the bacteriophage T4 gene 60. Bypassing requires translational blockage at a "takeoff codon" immediately upstream of a stop codon followed by a hairpin, which causes peptidyl-tRNA dissociation and reassociation with a matching "landing triplet" 50 nt downstream, where translation resumes. Here, we report 81 translational bypassing elements (byps) in mitochondria of the yeast Magnusiomyces capitatus and demonstrate in three cases, by transcript analysis and proteomics, that byps are retained in mitochondrial mRNAs but not translated. Although mitochondrial byps resemble the bypass sequence in the T4 gene 60, they utilize unused codons instead of stops for translational blockage and have relaxed matching rules for takeoff/landing sites. We detected byp-like sequences also in mtDNAs of several Saccharomycetales, indicating that byps are mobile genetic elements. These byp-like sequences lack bypassing activity and are tolerated when inserted in-frame in variable protein regions. We hypothesize that byp-like elements have the potential to contribute to evolutionary diversification of proteins by adding new domains that allow exploration of new structures and functions.
Topics: Carbon; DNA, Mitochondrial; Fermentation; Genes, Fungal; Genes, Mitochondrial; Mitochondria; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Open Reading Frames; Phylogeny; Protein Biosynthesis; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; RNA, Messenger; Yeasts
PubMed: 24711422
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322190111 -
IDCases 2024is an emerging opportunistic yeast in the Mediterranean region typically isolated from immunocompromised patients, usually affected by blood malignancies. We reported a...
is an emerging opportunistic yeast in the Mediterranean region typically isolated from immunocompromised patients, usually affected by blood malignancies. We reported a rare case of infection, isolated from a drainage fluid in a patient affected by lung cancer recovered in the University Hospital of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. The isolate was identified by phenotypic methods, i.e., Gram and Lactophenol cotton blue (LCB) staining, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis. We identified on the third day from Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with chloramphenicol and gentamicin. Antifungal susceptibility test revealed that 5-fluorocytosine was the most active drug against , followed by itraconazole and voriconazole, micafungin, amphotericin B and fluconazole, posaconazole, anidulafungin, and caspofungin. Our data showed the importance of an early cultural and fast microbiology diagnosis based on the characteristic morphologic features observed in Gram-stained smears of blood culture positive bottles, and the validation via MALDI-TOF MS. This dual approach has significant impact in the clinical management of infectious diseases and antibiotic stewardship, by integrating sample processing, fluid handling, and detection for rapid bacterial diagnosis.
PubMed: 38681078
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01959 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Feb 2024Magnusiomyces capitatus (M. capitatus) is an emerging opportunistic yeast, rarely found as a causal agent of invasive fungal infection. In this study, we report a...
Magnusiomyces capitatus (M. capitatus) is an emerging opportunistic yeast, rarely found as a causal agent of invasive fungal infection. In this study, we report a 31-year-old man infected with M. capitatus in the oral cavity, with a history of heroin and amphetamine abuse. M. capitatus was isolated through culture and microscopic analysis and identified by PCR amplification of the ITS DNA region. Based on the in vitro antifungal susceptibility test, the lowest MICs for M. capitatus were recorded for nystatin, itraconazole, and amphotericin, while higher MICs were observed for caspofungin and fluconazole. Treatment with nystatin successfully eliminated M. capitatus and relieved the clinical symptoms. This study presents the first case of M. capitatus in a patient with substance use disorder, manifesting as a plaque-like ulcer in the oral cavity.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Nystatin; Saccharomycetales; Mouth; Fluconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 38484343
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.18099 -
Case Reports in Ophthalmology 2019We report the case of a 68-year-old immunocompetent patient with a dilatation of the ascending aorta, intraluminal vegetations, and pseudoaneurysmatic bulging who...
We report the case of a 68-year-old immunocompetent patient with a dilatation of the ascending aorta, intraluminal vegetations, and pseudoaneurysmatic bulging who presented with unilateral fungal endogenous endophthalmitis 8 days after coronary angiogram. The isolated pathogen resulted to be , a filamentous, yeast-like fungus that can be commonly found in normal human microflora, with an immunosuppression-related pathogenicity. A literature research revealed a single case of ophthalmic infection - a keratitis - caused by this pathogen. Furthermore, we add a review of mycotic endophthalmitis related to aortic infection.
PubMed: 31579116
DOI: 10.1159/000502412 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022Malignant external otitis (MEO) has a frequent bacterial origin, but we are currently witnessing the emergence of fungal agents, which poses difficulties in diagnosis...
Malignant external otitis (MEO) has a frequent bacterial origin, but we are currently witnessing the emergence of fungal agents, which poses difficulties in diagnosis and management. The aim of our work is to analyze the epidemiological and clinical profile of fungal MEO and to study the antifungal susceptibility of fungi involved. Our study is retrospective collecting 43 patients treated for fungal MEO between 2010 and 2019. Clinical, biological, and radiological data were collected from patient hospitalization records. Identification of yeasts was done by YST vitek2 card. The antifungal susceptibility testing was performed for yeasts by the AST vitek2 card and for other fungi by the E-test technique. The average age was 66 (± 12) years. We noted a male predominance in 63 % (n=27). Diabetes was found in 86%. Otalgia was a constant symptom. Cranial nerve palsies were observed in 16% (n=7) of cases. CT showed bone lysis in 74% (n=31>) of cases and Tc99 bone scintigraphy revealed hyperfixation in 100% (n=43) of cases. Candida spp. (n=21), Aspergillus spp. (n=18), and Geotrichum capitatum (n=2) were isolated. No resistance to antifungals has been demonstrated for Candida yeasts. Geotrichum capitatum isolates were resistant to fluconazole and caspofungin. Aspergillus isolates were resistant to amphotericin B and caspofungin in 50% (n=9) and 72% (n=12) of cases, respectively. Our study proves the predominance of Candida yeasts and Aspergillus as the fungal agents involved in MOE. Mycological diagnosis allows the identification and antifungal susceptibility testing. Thus, it allows using of the appropriate antifungal treatment and improves the prognosis of the disease.
Topics: Aged; Antifungal Agents; Aspergillus; Candida; Caspofungin; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Otitis Externa; Otomycosis; Retrospective Studies; Saccharomycetales
PubMed: 35855033
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.287.29585 -
Experimental and Clinical... Nov 2020Geotrichum capitatum is a rare fungal pathogen that has infrequently affected immunocompromised patients with onco-hematologic diseases. Geotrichum capitatum invasive... (Review)
Review
Geotrichum capitatum is a rare fungal pathogen that has infrequently affected immunocompromised patients with onco-hematologic diseases. Geotrichum capitatum invasive infection has been associated with poor prognosis, with a mortality rate ranging from 50% to 90%. Here, we report the first case of Geotrichum capitatum invasive fungal infection in a liver transplant recipient from an unrelated deceased donor, who was effectively treated with amphotericin B and voriconazole. We also reviewed the available literature in the field.
Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Invasive Fungal Infections; Liver Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Organ Failure; Opportunistic Infections; Saccharomycetales; Sepsis; Treatment Outcome; Voriconazole
PubMed: 31801448
DOI: 10.6002/ect.2019.0170