-
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2019Ameloblastomas are benign but aggressive odontogenic tumors that most commonly affect the posterior mandible. Approximately 15% occur in the maxilla, with a subset...
Ameloblastomas are benign but aggressive odontogenic tumors that most commonly affect the posterior mandible. Approximately 15% occur in the maxilla, with a subset thought to originate from the epithelial lining of the sinonasal cavities. Histologically, sinonasal ameloblastomas are identical to those of the oral cavity, with classical features of palisaded columnar basilar cells surrounding a central proliferation that resembles the stellate reticulum of a developing tooth. Unlike the gnathic variant, sinonasal ameloblastomas tend to affect males more than females, and the incidence of diagnosis peaks at a later age, approximately 60 years old. The overall prognosis is favorable, with local recurrence being the most common long-term sequalae.
Topics: Adult; Ameloblastoma; Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms
PubMed: 29846904
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0933-3 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Nov 2022Ameloblastoma is regarded as the second most prevalent odontogenic tumor in the light of its prevalence, clinical characteristics, greater incidence of tumor recurrence,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Ameloblastoma is regarded as the second most prevalent odontogenic tumor in the light of its prevalence, clinical characteristics, greater incidence of tumor recurrence, and therapeutic challenges. The aim of this systematic review was to establish the prevalence of ameloblastoma in the Indian subcontinent and to establish a national epidemiologic profile for these lesions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review was undertaken based on the PRISMA guidelines in search of epidemiologic studies concerning odontogenic tumors and ameloblastoma that are listed by PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar embracing the period from January 2010 to December 2021, to evaluate the prevalence rate in India. A total of 277 publications were retrieved, of which 27 articles were selected, based on the World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumors.
RESULTS
The affected individuals were on average in the third decade of life, with a higher male predominance. The majority of the tumors were multilocular radiolucencies in the posterior mandible, with follicular and plexiform histopathological features. The most common type of malignant lesion is ameloblastic carcinoma. Over 60% of follicular ameloblastoma recurred more frequently than the other types of ameloblastoma.The random effect model shows overall point estimate of 4.83 with 95% confidence interval (4.44 -5.26).
CONCLUSION
The systematic study indicates a slight male predisposition to ameloblastoma, with a peak incidence in the third decade of life and the mandible as the preferred anatomical site. The solid/multicystic ameloblastoma is the most prevalent histopathologic pattern. More epidemiological research on the prevalence rate of ameloblastoma is required, particularly in India, in an effort to accurately determine the national epidemiological profile of ameloblastoma.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Ameloblastoma; Prevalence; India; Odontogenic Tumors; Genotype
PubMed: 36444570
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.11.3601 -
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology Apr 2022The ameloblastoma is the most challenging odontogenic neoplasm to treat because of its locallyinvasive behaviour, severe clinical implication, risk of malignant...
The ameloblastoma is the most challenging odontogenic neoplasm to treat because of its locallyinvasive behaviour, severe clinical implication, risk of malignant transformation and high recurrence rate. Recent evidence suggests that BRAF, EGFR and CD10 have a role in the local invasiveness of ameloblastoma. However, the spatial distribution characteristics of these pro-invasive factors and their association with clinical parameters in this neoplasm are largely unexplored. We sought to address these issues in ameloblastoma subtypes and to determine their biological relevance. Nineteen unicystic (UA) and 20 conventional ameloblastoma (SMA) were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for BRAF, EGFR and CD10, and semiquantitative analysis was performed. All ameloblastoma cases (n=39/39; 100%) exhibited a BRAF+/EGFR+/CD10+immunoprofile. Their expression rates were significantly higher in SMA than UA (P<0.05). BRAF, essential for the progression and proliferation of ameloblastoma, was detected mainly in the cytoplasm of stellate reticulum-like>stromal>preameloblast- like cells (P<0.05). EGFR, a potent oncogenic protein, showed predominantly nuclear localisation. CD10, an apoptosis-inhibitory factor, was strongly expressed in the membrane of stellate reticulum-like cells. Taken together, present results suggest that the spatial distribution patterns of BRAF, EGFR and CD10 parallel the specific behaviours of SMA and UA. Their cellular and intracellular protein localisations have important targeted therapy implications.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; ErbB Receptors; Humans; Neprilysin; Odontogenic Tumors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
PubMed: 35484883
DOI: No ID Found -
Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Aug 2017Odontogenic tumours are lesions that occur solely within the oral cavity and are so named because of their origin from the odontogenic (i.e. tooth-forming) apparatus.... (Review)
Review
Odontogenic tumours are lesions that occur solely within the oral cavity and are so named because of their origin from the odontogenic (i.e. tooth-forming) apparatus. Odontogenic tumours comprise a variety of lesions ranging from non-neoplastic tissue proliferations to benign or malignant neoplasms. However, controversies exist regarding the pathogenesis, categorisation and clinical and histological variations of these tumours. The recent 2017 World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumours included new entities such as primordial odontogenic tumours, sclerosing odontogenic carcinomas and odontogenic carcinosarcomas, while eliminating several previously included entities like keratocystic odontogenic tumours and calcifying cystic odonogenic tumours. The aim of the present review article was to discuss controversies and recent concepts regarding odontogenic tumours so as to increase understanding of these lesions.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Carcinoma; Humans; Odontogenesis; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontoma; World Health Organization
PubMed: 29062548
DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2017.17.03.003 -
PloS One 2015Malignant ameloblastoma, comprising metastasizing ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma, represents 1.6-2.2% of all odontogenic tumors. Due to its rare nature,...
BACKGROUND
Malignant ameloblastoma, comprising metastasizing ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma, represents 1.6-2.2% of all odontogenic tumors. Due to its rare nature, malignant ameloblastoma has only been reported in the literature in small case series or case reports. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Results (SEER) database, we have performed a population-based study to determine the incidence rate and the absolute survival of malignant ameloblastoma.
METHOD
Using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) codes 9310/3 and 9270/3, data from the SEER database were used to calculate the incidence rate and absolute survival rate of population with malignant ameloblastoma.
RESULTS
The overall incidence rate of malignant ameloblastoma was 1.79 per 10 million person/year. The incidence rate was higher in males than females and also higher in black versus white population. The median overall survival was 17.6 years from the time of diagnosis and increasing age was associated with a statistically significant poorer survival.
CONCLUSIONS
To our best knowledge, we report the largest population-based series of malignant ameloblastoma. The incidence rate was 1.79 per 10 million person/year and the overall survival was 17.6 years.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ameloblastoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Epidemiological Monitoring; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Survival Rate; Young Adult
PubMed: 25692490
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117789 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Mar 2020The purpose of this experimental study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of SOX2 and BCL-2 in Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) and Ameloblastoma (AB)...
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this experimental study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of SOX2 and BCL-2 in Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) and Ameloblastoma (AB) specimens, and to identify a possible correlation in their expression.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate SOX2 and BCL-2 expression in OKC (n = 20) and AB (n = 20). The immunoexpression was analyzed by a quantitative and qualitative scoring system. The comparison between the immunoexpression of SOX 2 and BCL-2 was assessed by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Spearman's correlation coefficient evaluated the correlation between SOX2 and BCL-2 expressions.
RESULTS
SOX2 and BCL-2 expression was observed in all specimens of OKC in the full thickness of the epithelium lining. SOX2 immunostaining was higher in OKC, in comparison with AB samples (P<0.05). BCL-2 immunostaining between OKC and AB was not statistically significant. There was no significant correlation between SOX2 and BCL-2 in OKC and AB specimens.
CONCLUSIONS
SOX2 and BCL-2 expressions in OKC may suggest their relationship with the biological behavior of this lesion, and the higher expression of SOX2 might be an upstream influence on the Hh signaling pathway.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Humans; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; SOXB1 Transcription Factors
PubMed: 31967981
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23348 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Oct 2022Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor with a tendency for recurrence. Some recurrent tumors could behave unpredictably with atypical microscopic changes.
CONTEXT
Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor with a tendency for recurrence. Some recurrent tumors could behave unpredictably with atypical microscopic changes.
AIM
To study the clinicopathologic features and diagnoses of recurrent tumors of ameloblastoma.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
This is a 5-year (2012-2017) retrospective study of 17 consecutive patients with recurrent tumors of ameloblastoma in a Teaching Hospital in Enugu.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
The relevant clinicopathologic information, histology slides, and blocks were retrieved and reviewed. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the frequency, tables for categorical variables, and a Chi-square test was used to determine the statistical significance.
RESULT
Recurrent tumors constituted 33.3% (17/51) of all confirmed diagnoses of ameloblastoma. The histopathologic diagnosis of the recurrent tumors includes conventional ameloblastoma 58.8% (10/17), unicystic ameloblastoma 5.9% (1/17), and ameloblastic carcinoma 35.3% (6/17). There was bilateral mandibular involvement in 60.0%, pain 58.8%, ulceration 29.4%, and matted lymph nodes 5.9%. Tumors with positive fluid aspirates 82.4% (14/17) yielded dark-brown fluids in 90.0% (9/10) of recurrent ameloblastomas and in 66.7% (2/3) of ameloblastic carcinomas.
CONCLUSION
There was a high recurrence rate of recurrent tumors of ameloblastoma demonstrated in the present study, with a malignant presentation in some cases.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Retrospective Studies; Nigeria; Odontogenic Tumors; Hospitals, Teaching
PubMed: 36308255
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_82_22 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Sep 2022Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor with a tendency for recurrence. The recurrent tumors behave unpredictably with atypical microscopic changes and...
BACKGROUND
Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor with a tendency for recurrence. The recurrent tumors behave unpredictably with atypical microscopic changes and likelihood of malignant transformation.
AIMS
To study the clinicopathologic features and diagnostic outcome of recurrent tumors of ameloblastoma in Enugu. This is a six-year (2012-2017) retrospective study of 17 consecutive patients with recurrent tumors of ameloblastoma in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The relevant clinicopathologic information, histology slides, and blocks were retrieved and reviewed. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the frequency, tables for categorical variables, and a Chi-square test was used to determine the statistical significance.
RESULT
Recurrent tumors constituted 33.3% (17/51) of all confirmed diagnoses of ameloblastoma. The diagnostic outcome of the recurrent tumors was conventional ameloblastoma 58.8% (10), unicystic ameloblastoma 5.9% (1), and ameloblastic carcinoma 35.3% (6). There was bilateral mandibular extension in 60.0% (9), pain 58.8% (10), ulceration 29.4% (5), and matted lymph nodes 5.9% (1). Tumors with positive fluid aspirates 82.4% (14) yielded dark-brown fluids in 90.0% (9) of recurrent ameloblastomas and in 66.7% (2) of ameloblastic carcinomas. Atypical peripheral hyperplasia, nuclear hyperchromatism, and increased vascularization were commonly observed in benign recurrences. The frequency of recurrence is significantly associated with the biological behavior of ameloblastoma P = 0.03.
CONCLUSION
Recurrent tumors of ameloblastoma presented atypical features and malignant transformation.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Humans; Nigeria; Odontogenic Tumors; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36149215
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_82_22 -
Maxillary Ameloblastoma with Orbital Involvement: An Institutional Experience and Literature Review.Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive... 2016To describe 8 patients with orbital involvement by ameloblastoma and to review the literature on this topic. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To describe 8 patients with orbital involvement by ameloblastoma and to review the literature on this topic.
METHODS
The electronic medical records and pathology databases of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania were searched to identify all patients with histopathologically confirmed ameloblastoma diagnosed between 1990 and 2015. PubMed database was searched for all well-documented cases of maxillary ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma ex-ameloblastoma with orbital involvement published in the English literature. The information collected on the compiled 23 patients included age, sex, clinical presentation, imaging findings, management, tumor histopathologic features, and follow up.
RESULTS
Review of medical records identified 8 patients with orbital involvement by ameloblastoma. Literature search yielded 15 patients with well-documented orbital involvement by ameloblastoma. Most tumors occurred in men (19 of 23, M:F = 4-5:1) with an average age of 56 years. The overall rates of recurrence, visual compromise, death, and confirmed disease-related mortality were 70% (16/23), 26% (6/23), 39% (9/23), and 22% (5/23), respectively. The initial surgical approach correlated with prognosis. The rates of recurrence, orbital exenteration, and mortality in the cohort managed with conservative surgery or partial maxillectomy were 57% (8/14), 29% (4/14), and 50% (7/14), respectively. In contrast, the patients initially managed with a radical resection had substantially lower frequencies of tumor recurrence (2/7, 29%), exenteration (1/7, 14%), and death (1/7, 14%). Malignant transformation to ameloblastic carcinoma occurred in the setting of recurrent disease in 3 patients and in 1 patient with prolonged duration of symptoms, suggestive of a long-standing tumor.
CONCLUSIONS
Maxillary ameloblastoma can rarely involve the orbit, leading to significant ocular morbidity and occasional mortality. Prompt radical resection of the tumor has the potential to decrease the likelihood of recurrence and visual compromise, and can improve survival.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Humans; Maxillary Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Orbit; Orbital Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26505234
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000000580 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Nov 2022Adenoid ameloblastoma is a very rare benign epithelial odontogenic tumor characterized microscopically by epithelium resembling conventional ameloblastoma, with...
Adenoid ameloblastoma is a very rare benign epithelial odontogenic tumor characterized microscopically by epithelium resembling conventional ameloblastoma, with additional duct-like structures, epithelial whorls, and cribriform architecture. Dentinoid deposits, clusters of clear cells, and ghost-cell keratinization may also be present. These tumors do not harbor BRAF or KRAS mutations and their molecular basis appears distinct from conventional ameloblastoma but remains unknown. We assessed CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) exon 3 mutations in a cohort of 11 samples of adenoid ameloblastomas from 9 patients. Two of the 9 patients were female and 7 male and in 7/9 patients the tumors occurred in the maxilla. Tumors of 4 of these 9 patients harbored CTNNB1 mutations, specifically p.Ser33Cys, p.Gly34Arg, and p.Ser37Phe. Notably, for one patient 3 samples were analyzed including the primary tumour and two consecutive recurrences, and results were positive for the mutation in all three tumors. Therefore, 6/11 samples tested positive for the mutation. In the 6 mutation-positive samples, ghost cells were present in only 2/6, indicating beta-catenin mutations are not always revealed by ghost cell formation. Dentinoid matrix deposition was observed in 5/6 mutation-positive samples and clear cells in all 6 cases. None of the cases harbored either BRAF or KRAS mutations. Beta-catenin immunoexpression was assessed in the samples of 8 patients. Except for one wild-type case, all cases showed focal nuclear expression irrespective of the mutational status. Together with the absence of BRAF mutation, the detection of beta-catenin mutation in adenoid ameloblastomas supports its classification as a separate entity, and not as a subtype of ameloblastoma. The presence of this mutation may help in the diagnosis of challenging cases.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Ameloblastoma; beta Catenin; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Adenoids; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Odontogenic Tumors; Mutation
PubMed: 35840721
DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01125-4