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Joint Diseases and Related Surgery 2021This study aims to investigate the characterization and follow-up results of tumors and tumor-like lesions in the talus.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to investigate the characterization and follow-up results of tumors and tumor-like lesions in the talus.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Twenty-one patients (15 males, 6 females; mean age: 31.6±17 years; range, 4 to 67 years) with benign and malignant tumors or tumor-like lesions in the talus region treated and followed in our clinic between January 2007 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Radiological, pathological, surgical, and demographic features were scanned from the database.
RESULTS
Patients were followed for mean 80±45.1 (range, 25 to 156) months. The most common complaint was pain and antalgic gait. Benign bone tumors were found in 15 (71%) of 21 patients, while tumor-like lesions (two intraosseous ganglia, osteomyelitis, and bone infarction) were found in four patients. The remaining two were patients with lung and bladder cancer metastasis. Lesion size was mean 2.1±0.5 (range, 1.1 to 3.3) cm. Recurrence developed in 14.3% (n=3) of the patients during follow-up.
CONCLUSION
The talus is a rare location for tumors; however, benign and malignant tumors and tumor-like lesions may be localized in the talus.
Topics: Adult; Bone Diseases; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms; Orthopedic Procedures; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Talus; Turkey
PubMed: 33463440
DOI: 10.5606/ehc.2021.78769 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery (Hong... 2020Evidence on the incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of bone metastases among patients with systemic malignancy is limited. This study aimed to evaluate it using the...
PURPOSE
Evidence on the incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of bone metastases among patients with systemic malignancy is limited. This study aimed to evaluate it using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.
METHODS
We collected patients diagnosed with solid malignant tumors deriving outside of the bone, hematologic malignancies, Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma, and myeloma from the SEER database (from 2010 to 2013). The incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of these systemic malignancies with bone metastases were then analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 67,605 patients with bone metastases at cancer diagnosis were included. The highest rate of bone metastases was observed in patients with small-cell lung cancer at the time of alternative primary site cancer diagnosis. Among 226,816 cases with metastatic disease, cases with breast cancer (65.58%), and prostate cancer (89.60%) had a high incidence proportion (>10%) of identified bone metastases. Patients with additional bone metastases resulting from prostate cancer, breast cancer, and testis cancer presented the best survival time.
CONCLUSIONS
Incidence and prognosis differ considerably among bone metastases with different primary malignancy sites. These results may encourage appropriate application of bone imaging.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prevalence; Prognosis; SEER Program; United States
PubMed: 32634071
DOI: 10.1177/2309499020915989 -
Cells Jul 2021Osteosarcoma (OS) is a high-grade malignant stromal tumor composed of mesenchymal cells producing osteoid and immature bone, with a peak of incidence in the second... (Review)
Review
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a high-grade malignant stromal tumor composed of mesenchymal cells producing osteoid and immature bone, with a peak of incidence in the second decade of life. Hence, although relatively rare, the social impact of this neoplasm is particularly relevant. Differently from carcinomas, molecular genetics and the role of the tumor microenvironment in the development and progression of OS are mainly unknown. Indeed, while the tumor microenvironment has been widely studied in other solid tumor types and its contribution to tumor progression has been definitely established, tumor-stroma interaction in OS has been quite neglected for years. Only recently have new insights been gained, also thanks to the availability of new technologies and bioinformatics tools. A better understanding of the cross-talk between the bone microenvironment, including immune and stromal cells, and OS will be key not only for a deeper knowledge of osteosarcoma pathophysiology, but also for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the tumor microenvironment in OS, mainly focusing on immune cells, discussing their role and implication for disease prognosis and treatment response.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, CD; Antineoplastic Agents; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Neoplasms; Bone and Bones; Cell Communication; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Osteoclasts; Osteosarcoma; Prognosis; Signal Transduction; Tumor Microenvironment; Tumor-Associated Macrophages
PubMed: 34359840
DOI: 10.3390/cells10071668 -
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences :... Dec 2020Cancer metastasis is a unique feature of malignant tumours. Even bone can become a common colonization site due to the tendency of solid tumours, including breast cancer... (Review)
Review
Cancer metastasis is a unique feature of malignant tumours. Even bone can become a common colonization site due to the tendency of solid tumours, including breast cancer (BCa) and prostate cancer (PCa), to metastasize to bone. Currently, a previous concept in tumour metabolism called tumour dormancy may be a promising target for antitumour treatment. When disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) metastasize to the bone microenvironment, they form a flexible regulatory network called the "bone-tumour-inflammation network". In this network, bone turnover as well as metabolism, tumour progression, angiogenesis and inflammatory responses are highly unified and coordinated, and a slight shift in this balance can result in the disruption of the microenvironment, uncontrolled inflammatory responses and excessive tumour growth. The purpose of this review is to highlight the regulatory effect of the "bone-tumour-inflammation network" in tumour dormancy. Osteoblast-secreted factors, bone turnover and macrophages are emphasized and occupy in the main part of the review. In addition, the prospective clinical application of tumour dormancy is also discussed, which shows the direction of future research.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Osteoblasts; Prostatic Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 32556373
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03572-1 -
Oral Oncology 2009Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with a high prevalence in South Asia. Tobacco and alcohol consumption remain the most dominant etiologic factors,... (Review)
Review
Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with a high prevalence in South Asia. Tobacco and alcohol consumption remain the most dominant etiologic factors, however HPV has been recently implicated in oral cancer. Surgery is the most well established mode of initial definitive treatment for a majority of oral cancers. The factors that affect choice of treatment are related to the tumor and the patient. Primary site, location, size, proximity to bone, and depth of infiltration are factors which influence a particular surgical approach. Tumors that approach or involve the mandible require specific understanding of the mechanism of bone involvement. This facilitates the employment of mandible sparing approaches such as marginal mandibulectomy and mandibulotomy. Reconstruction of major surgical defects in the oral cavity requires use of a free flap. The radial forearm free flap provides excellent soft tissue and lining for soft tissue defects in the oral cavity. The fibula free flap remains the choice for mandibular reconstruction. Over the course of the past thirty years there has been improvement in the overall survival of patients with oral carcinoma largely due to the improved understanding of the biology of local progression, early identification and treatment of metastatic lymph nodes in the neck, and employment of adjuvant post-operative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The role of surgery in primary squamous cell carcinomas in other sites in the head and neck has evolved with integration of multidisciplinary treatment approaches employing chemotherapy and radiotherapy either sequentially or concurrently. Thus, larynx preservation with concurrent chemoradiotherapy has become the standard of care for locally advanced carcinomas of the larynx or pharynx requiring total laryngectomy. On the other hand, for early staged tumors of the larynx and pharynx, transoral laser microsurgery has become an effective means of local control of these lesions. Advances in skull base surgery have significantly improved the survivorship of patients with malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses approaching or involving the skull base. Surgery thus remains the mainstay of management of a majority of neoplasms arising in the head and neck area. Similarly, the role of the surgeon is essential throughout the life history of a patient with a malignant neoplasm in the head and neck area, from initial diagnosis through definitive treatment, post-treatment surveillance, management of complications, rehabilitation of the sequelae of treatment, and finally for palliation of symptoms.
Topics: Antineoplastic Protocols; Bone Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Patient Selection; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Skin Neoplasms; Skull Base Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 18674952
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.05.017 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Aug 2021The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with open surgery nail positioning for the...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with open surgery nail positioning for the treatment of fractures or impending fractures of long bone metastases. Eleven patients (four men, seven women) with painful bone metastases of the humerus, femur or tibia with non-displaced fractures (one case) or impending fractures (10 cases) underwent open MWA in combination with osteosynthesis by locked nail positioning. Pain intensity was measured using a VAS score before and after treatment. CT or MRI were acquired at one month before and 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after treatment. All procedures were successfully completed without major complications. The level of pain was significantly reduced one month after treatment. For the patients with humerus metastases, the complete recovery of arm use took 8 weeks, while for the patients with femoral metastases the complete recovery of walking capacity took 11 weeks. The VAS score ranged from 7 (4-9) before treatment to 1.5 (0-2.5) after treatment. During a mid-term follow-up of 18 months (range 4-29 months), none of the patients showed tumor relapse or new fractures in the treated site. Two patients died due to tumor disease progression. Results of this preliminary study suggest that combined MWA and surgical osteosynthesis with locked nails is a safe and effective treatment for pathological fractures or malignant impending fractures of long bone metastases of the humerus, femur and tibia. Further analyses with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Female; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Humans; Male; Microwaves; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34441031
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080825 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... Jan 2017Osteosarcoma is a high malignant neoplasm, and conflicting findings have been reported on the survival and function recovery of osteosarcoma patients experiencing limb... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Osteosarcoma is a high malignant neoplasm, and conflicting findings have been reported on the survival and function recovery of osteosarcoma patients experiencing limb salvage or amputation. In the present study, we compared limb salvage surgery (LSS) with amputation in clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma patients by a meta-analysis.
METHODS
The survival rate of osteosarcoma patients was collected from research reports from CNKI, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar till April 30, 2016. The quality of including articles was evaluated by two independent reviewers. Differences between patients undergoing limb salvage surgery and amputation were analyzed based on postoperative survival rates.
RESULTS
Ten articles were included according to selection criteria. There were 1343 patients in total from these studies. Our results showed that there was no significant difference between limb salvage surgery and amputation according to local recurrence; however, patients with limb salvage surgery had a higher 5-year overall survival.
CONCLUSIONS
LSS results in higher 5-year survival rates and better survival, while not increasing the risk of local recurrence. This study provided more evidences to support limb salvage surgery as a considerable treatment of osteosarcoma patients.
Topics: Amputation, Surgical; Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Limb Salvage; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Osteosarcoma; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Salvage Therapy; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28086937
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0500-0 -
Joint Diseases and Related Surgery 2021This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet (PLT) ratio in primary malignant bone tumors.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet (PLT) ratio in primary malignant bone tumors.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
We retrospectively investigated patients with primary malignant bone tumors between January 2010 and January 2019 and included 109 patients (69 males, 40 females; mean age: 41.9±17.9 years; range 15 to 86 years) in the study. A total of 107 healthy volunteers (61 males, 46 females; mean age: 47 years; range 19 to 61 years) who donated blood to the blood center of our hospital in 2019 formed the control group. Demographic features, MPV, PLT counts, mortality, and recurrence records of the patients were obtained from archives.
RESULTS
Of the 109 patients, 11 were diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma, 52 with chondrosarcoma, and 46 with osteosarcoma. The tumor was located on the right in 56% of patients and on the lower extremity in 59.6% of patients. The recurrence rate was 41.3% in the patient group. Of the 109 patients, 17 (15.6%) resulted in exitus at follow-up. The mean PLT value of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (289,440 vs. 247,299, p<0.001). The median MPV and MPV/PLT ratios were statistically significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (8.3 vs. 10.5, p<0.001 and 0.032 vs. 0.043, p<0.001, respectively). The MPV, PLT count, and MPV/PLT ratio were not associated with mortality and recurrence. The cut-off value was determined as >9.25 fL for MPV (sensitivity=74%, specificity=85%, positive likelihood ratio=4.96, positive predictive value=83.4%, and negative predictive value=76.5).
CONCLUSION
Consequently, MPV and MPV/PLT ratios can be used as a diagnostic support parameter in primary malignant bone tumors, but have no prognostic value.
Topics: Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Mean Platelet Volume; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Platelet Count; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Turkey
PubMed: 33463437
DOI: 10.5606/ehc.2021.76357 -
Journal of Medicine and Life 2016There is few data on epidemiology or clinico-pathology of malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents in Romania. These tumors are very rare compared to other...
RATIONALE
There is few data on epidemiology or clinico-pathology of malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents in Romania. These tumors are very rare compared to other malignancies, yet they account for a major source of mortality and morbidity among patients with cancer. Bone tumors often have a similar presentation and clinical approach, but they present individual characteristics that are important for treatment and prognosis.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the characteristics of primary malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents in Romania.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A retrospective analysis of all malignant bone tumors registered at a large referral center, "Maria Sklodowska Curie" Emergency Hospital for Children, between 2005 and 2013 was presented. A total of 146 biopsies and surgical resection specimens were reviewed during this period, and were classified as malignant bone tumors. There were 91 boys and 55 girls in the series, with a male-female ratio of 1.65:1. The average patient age was 13.32 years (2 to 19). The most common anatomical distribution of the tumors was femur - 32.19%, tibia - 25.34% and humerus - 11.64%. Histologically, we found osteosarcoma in 54.1% of all bone tumors, followed by Ewing's sarcoma - 30.82% and chondrosarcoma - 8.9%.
DISCUSSION
Geographic location did not appear to represent a risk factor for any particular type of bone tumor. Our results were parallel to the findings previously reported in the general literature; the distribution and the epidemiology were similar to those in the other developed and underdeveloped countries. Malignant bone tumors in our country have a high mortality rate, because of the late diagnosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Romania
PubMed: 27453756
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Medicine Apr 2023Osteosarcoma is the most malignant and common primary bone tumor with a high rate of recurrence that mainly occurs in children and young adults. Therefore, it is vital...
OBJECTIVE
Osteosarcoma is the most malignant and common primary bone tumor with a high rate of recurrence that mainly occurs in children and young adults. Therefore, it is vital to facilitate the development of novel effective therapeutic means and improve the overall prognosis of osteosarcoma patients via a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of chemoresistance in osteosarcoma progression.
METHODS
In this research, the relationship between ITGB3 and the clinical characteristics of patients was detected through analysis of publicly available clinical datasets. The expression of ITGB3 was analysis in collected human osteosarcoma tissues. In addition, the potential functions of ITGB3 in the cisplatin resistance of osteosarcoma cells were investigated in vitro and in tumor xenotransplantation. Finally, the molecular mechanism of ITGB3 in the progression and recurrence of osteosarcoma were explored via transcriptome analysis.
RESULTS
ITGB3 was identified as a potential regulator of tumorigenicity and cisplatin resistance in relapsed osteosarcoma. Furthermore, the decreased osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration ability in ITGB3 knockout osteosarcoma cells were related to increased apoptosis and slowing cell cycle progression. In addition, ITGB3 had a positive correlation with cisplatin resistance in cells and tumor xenografts in mice. Accordingly, ITGB3 performed the functions of proliferation and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma through the MAPK and VEGF signaling pathways.
CONCLUSION
Our results will contribute to a better understanding of the function and mechanism of ITGB3 in osteosarcoma cisplatin resistance and provide a novel therapeutic target to decrease cisplatin resistance and tumor recurrence in osteosarcoma patients.
Topics: Child; Young Adult; Humans; Animals; Mice; Cisplatin; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Apoptosis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Osteosarcoma; Bone Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Integrin beta3
PubMed: 36772869
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5585