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Indian Journal of Public Health 2022Postpartum depression (PPD) is onset of depressive symptoms in postpartum period from 2 weeks to 1 year. It causes maternal morbidity and long-term negative effects on...
CONTEXT
Postpartum depression (PPD) is onset of depressive symptoms in postpartum period from 2 weeks to 1 year. It causes maternal morbidity and long-term negative effects on growth and development of infant and child. It is often unreported and underdiagnosed.
AIMS
(1) To estimate the prevalence of PPD, (2) To determine socio-demographic, clinical, and obstetric correlates of the same.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was done in urban and rural areas of District Aligarh.
METHODS
A total of 304 females between 6 weeks and 6 months' postpartum period giving consent were included in this study. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinico-social factors were recorded using predesigned, pretested questionnaire. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥10 was used to screen for PPD and International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) criteria for confirmation.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Correlates of PPD were determined using logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The prevalence of PPD was 9.5% using EPDS and was confirmed by ICD-10 criteria. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 6.0, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.2-16.5), poor relationship with in-laws (AOR: 5.1; 95% CI 1.3-20.5), marital conflict (AOR: 13.3; 95% CI 2.2-77.6), and substance abuse in husband (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI 1.1-9.0) were found to be significant correlates for PPD.
CONCLUSIONS
About one in every 10 postpartum females suffered from depression but did not seek health care for the same. Women facing social pathologies such as substance abuse in husband, marital conflict, and poor relationship with in-laws are more at risk of PPD. Screening for PPD should be included in the maternal and child health care programs to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Female; Humans; Depression, Postpartum; Cross-Sectional Studies; Risk Factors; India; Postpartum Period; Prevalence
PubMed: 37039176
DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1694_21 -
Heliyon Jan 2024Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted...
OBJECTIVES
Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted interventions. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between attachment styles and marital infidelity.
METHODS
Seventeen studies were included, sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo, with no time limitations, up to April 2023. The search employed terms like "attachment AND marital infidelity." Study quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool from RevMan version 5.3.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis involved a total of 13,666 participants, ranging from 208 to 4047 individuals. Findings showed that higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in attachment were significantly associated with increased marital infidelity ( = 0.18, 95 % CI = 0.14-0.22, p < 0.0001). Conversely, weaker attachment insecurity was linked to reduced rates of marital infidelity. Additionally, both dismissive and fearful attachment styles correlated with marital infidelity, with respective weighted effect sizes of = 0.07, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.04-0.10) and = 0.19, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.10-0.29). No association was found between preoccupied attachment and infidelity.
CONCLUSION
Individuals with insecure attachment styles, specifically those with high levels of anxiety or avoidance, are more likely to engage in marital infidelity. Attachment styles should be a focus in couples therapy, especially for treatment related to infidelity. Assessing and addressing these underlying attachment issues can better guide therapists in their work with couples facing infidelity.
PubMed: 38163207
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23261 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2020Marital quality is an important predictor of marital continuity, which can lead to mental health, well-being, and happiness for couples, and marital quality is...
INTRODUCTION
Marital quality is an important predictor of marital continuity, which can lead to mental health, well-being, and happiness for couples, and marital quality is equivalent to marital satisfaction and adjustment. This study was carried out to purpose the effectiveness of metacognition therapy on marital quality of women in the city of Isfahan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group design. The study population included all married women visiting consultation centers in the city of Isfahan during March 2018-March 2019. The sampling method was nonrandom voluntary sampling used to select 30 participants who were then randomly divided into experiment and control groups (15 individuals each). The research tool was the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale(RDAS). The experiment group participated in eight sessions of metacognition therapy, each lasting 90 min. Covariance analysis method was used to analyze the data via SPSS21.
RESULTS
The result of covariance analysis showed that metacognition therapy has been effective in improving the marital quality of the women in the city of Isfahan ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study emphasize that metacognition therapy is effective on the marital quality of the women in the city of Isfahan. Using this treatment plan can result in improved marital quality and marital satisfaction and therefore improve the relationship of couples. Therefore, the results of the current study can provide empirical support for the use of metacognition therapy to improve marital quality.
PubMed: 32509907
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_5_20 -
Indian Journal of Psychiatry Jan 2020
PubMed: 32055064
DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_19_20 -
Global Journal of Health Science Aug 2015Infertility affects around 80 million people around the world and it has been estimated that psychological problems in infertile couples is within the range of 25-60%.... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Infertility affects around 80 million people around the world and it has been estimated that psychological problems in infertile couples is within the range of 25-60%. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy on consciousness regarding marital satisfaction and general health in woman with infertility. Recent work is a clinical trial with a pre/posttest plan for control group. Covering 60 women who were selected by in access method and arranged randomly in interference (30) and control (30) groups. Before and after implementation of independent variable, all subjects were measured in both groups using Enrich questionnaire and marital satisfaction questionnaire. Results of covariance analysis of posttest, after controlling the scores of pretest illustrated the meaningful difference of marital satisfaction and mental health scores in interference and control groups after treatment and the fact that MBCT treatment in infertile women revealed that this method has an appropriate contribution to improvement of marital satisfaction and mental health. Necessary trainings for infertile people through consultation services can improve their mental health and marital satisfaction and significantly help reducing infertile couples' problems.
Topics: Adult; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Health Status; Humans; Infertility, Female; Marriage; Middle Aged; Mindfulness; Personal Satisfaction; Psychotherapy, Group; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26493418
DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n3p230 -
Cancer Dec 2021Phase 1 trials are increasingly important in the molecularly driven era of oncology, but few studies have examined phase 1 participation disparities. The authors of this...
BACKGROUND
Phase 1 trials are increasingly important in the molecularly driven era of oncology, but few studies have examined phase 1 participation disparities. The authors of this study investigated factors associated with phase 1 versus phase 2/3 trial enrollment.
METHODS
They authors conducted a cross-sectional study using serial samples of patients age ≥18 years enrolling on cancer trials from October 2011 to November 2014 at an academic cancer center. They used univariable and multivariable logistic regression models to analyze sociodemographic and clinical associations with phase 1 versus phase 2/3 trial enrollment.
RESULTS
Among 3103 patients enrolled in cancer trials, 2657 unique patients participated in phase 1/2/3 trials. For patients enrolled in phase 1 (n = 1401) versus phase 2/3 (n = 1256) trials, we found no significant differences by age, insurance status, marital status, and income. Overall, 1216 (93%) White, 72 (6%) Asian, and 21 (2%) Black patients enrolled on phase 1 trials, whereas 1068 (93%) White, 40 (3%) Asian, and 43 (4%) Black patients enrolled on phase 2/3 trials. Adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance status, marital status, income, cancer type, disease status, travel distance, and trial year, compared with White patients, Black patients had lower phase 1 enrollment (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-0.82), as did Hispanic/Latino (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.08-0.79) and male patients (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62-0.94). Asian patients had higher phase 1 enrollment (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.88-2.16).
CONCLUSIONS
Disparities in phase 1 versus phase 2/3 cancer clinical trial enrollment underscore the urgent need for interventions addressing inequities in early-phase trial participation.
LAY SUMMARY
Phase 1 trials are of increasing importance in oncology. The authors of the study analyzed all patients enrolling on cancer clinical trials at a large academic cancer center from October 2011 to November 2014. Among the 2657 trial participants, when age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance status, marital status, income, cancer type, disease status, travel distance, and trial year were taken into account, Black, Hispanic/Latino, and male patients were less likely to enroll on phase 1 trials versus phase 2/3 trials. These findings suggest a need for targeted interventions to improve access to and education about phase 1 trials for Black and Hispanic/Latino patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Black People; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethnicity; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Insurance Coverage; Male; Neoplasms
PubMed: 34379799
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33853 -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Jun 1989The family physician dealing with gynecologic pelvic pain (acute or chronic) enters at the beginning of the problem as diagnostician, refers the patient to a specialist...
The family physician dealing with gynecologic pelvic pain (acute or chronic) enters at the beginning of the problem as diagnostician, refers the patient to a specialist in the interim, and resumes care in the follow-up period. Patients with chronic pelvic pain (pelvic pain that has lasted for at least six months) can be difficult to treat because they often have a history of dysfunctional family life, sexual and marital problems, and often a hidden history of sexual molestation or incest. The family physician can best care for the patient with empathy, a long ventilated history, complete physical and pelvic examination, and pelvic ultrasonograpy if necessary. Laparoscopy normally shows pelvic adhesions in one third of these patients, minimal endometriosis in one third, and a normal pelvis in the final third. The family physician should specifically reassure patients with normal results that they do not have cancer. The ideal therapy combines both stimulation-produced analgesia and treatment of the psychological, emotional, sociological, and environmental aspects of the disease.
PubMed: 21248970
DOI: No ID Found -
Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention,... Aug 2006Given the increased use of marital- and family-based treatments as part of treatment for alcoholism and other drug disorders, providers are increasingly faced with the... (Review)
Review
Given the increased use of marital- and family-based treatments as part of treatment for alcoholism and other drug disorders, providers are increasingly faced with the challenge of addressing intimate partner violence among their patients and their intimate partners. Yet, effective options for clinicians who confront this issue are extremely limited. While the typical response of providers is to refer these cases to some form of batterers' treatment, three fundamental concerns make this strategy problematic: (1) most of the agencies that provide batterers' treatment only accept individuals who are legally mandated to complete their programs; (2) among programs that do accept nonmandated patients, most substance-abusing patients do not accept such referrals or drop out early in the treatment process; and (3) available evidence suggests these programs may not be effective in reducing intimate partner violence. Given these very significant concerns with the current referral approach, coupled with the high incidence of IPV among individuals entering substance abuse treatment, providers need to develop strategies for addressing IPV that can be incorporated and integrated into their base intervention packages.
Topics: Comorbidity; Couples Therapy; Female; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Male; Marital Therapy; Models, Psychological; Referral and Consultation; Sexual Partners; Spouse Abuse; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers; Substance-Related Disorders; Terminology as Topic; Violence
PubMed: 16925813
DOI: 10.1186/1747-597X-1-24 -
Sexuality and intimacy after head and neck cancer treatment: An explorative prospective pilot study.Dental and Medical Problems 2022While sexuality and intimacy are suggested to contribute to quality of life (QoL), it is striking that the sexual problems of head and neck cancer patients have not been...
BACKGROUND
While sexuality and intimacy are suggested to contribute to quality of life (QoL), it is striking that the sexual problems of head and neck cancer patients have not been adequately studied.
OBJECTIVES
Our aim was to prospectively assess the impact of head and neck cancer and its treatment on sexuality and intimacy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A questionnaire study with a 6-month follow-up period was conducted at the University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium, using the Maudsley marital questionnaire (MMQ), the sexual adjustment questionnaire (SAQ) and the short sexual functioning scale (SSFS) to prospectively assess the impact of head and neck cancer and its treatment on sexuality and intimacy.
RESULTS
Twelve patients (67%) reported a negative impact on their sexuality and/or intimacy. There were significant declines in marital, sexual and general life satisfaction (p < 0.000) at the 6-month follow-up as compared to baseline. There was a significant increase in frustration after sexual activity (p = 0.031). Sexual desire was also impacted, with a near doubling of patients reporting a decline. The perceived importance of discussing sexual issues with one's physician significantly increased from 7 to 16 patients (p = 0.004).
CONCLUSIONS
Sexual problems are common after head and neck cancer treatment. Using a screening instrument can help to identify patients that need intervention. Discussing sexuality and intimacy issues that patients may face before, during and after treatment can have a positive impact on QoL.
Topics: Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Sexual Behavior; Sexuality
PubMed: 36068944
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/148156 -
Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in... 2021Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder associated with unpleasant thoughts or mental images, making the patient repeat physical or...
BACKGROUND
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder associated with unpleasant thoughts or mental images, making the patient repeat physical or mental behaviors to relieve discomfort. 40-60% of patients do not respond to Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, including fluvoxamine therapy.
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the study is to identify the predictors of fluvoxamine therapy in OCD patients by Bayesian Ordinal Quantile Regression Model.
METHODS
This study was performed on 109 patients with OCD. Three methods, including Bayesian ordinal quantile, probit, and logistic regression models, were applied to identify predictors of response to fluvoxamine. The accuracy and weighted kappa were used to evaluate these models.
RESULTS
Our result showed that rs3780413 (mean=-0.69, sd=0.39) and cleaning dimension (mean=-0.61, sd=0.20) had reverse effects on response to fluvoxamine therapy in Bayesian ordinal probit and logistic regression models. In the 75 quantile regression model, marital status (mean=1.62, sd=0.47) and family history (mean=1.33, sd=0.61) had a direct effect, and cleaning (mean=-1.10, sd=0.37) and somatic (mean=-0.58, sd=0.27) dimensions had reverse effects on response to fluvoxamine therapy.
CONCLUSION
Response to fluvoxamine is a multifactorial problem and can be different in the levels of socio-demographic, genetic, and clinical predictors. Marital status, familial history, cleaning, and somatic dimensions are associated with response to fluvoxamine therapy.
PubMed: 34880926
DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010151