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Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola 2015
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Dermoid Cyst; Diagnosis, Differential; Ear Neoplasms; Eustachian Tube; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mastoid; Otitis; Teratoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24529876
DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2013.11.001 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Feb 2021BACKGROUND Teratomas are embryonal neoplasms that contain tissues derived from 1 or more of the 3 germ layers. They commonly are found in the sacrococcygeal-gonadal...
BACKGROUND Teratomas are embryonal neoplasms that contain tissues derived from 1 or more of the 3 germ layers. They commonly are found in the sacrococcygeal-gonadal location, sometimes in midline locations such as the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, and head and neck region. Primary rectal teratomas are extremely rare. Extragonadal teratomas can originate from pluripotent germ cells present in abnormal embryonic rests. CASE REPORT Here, we report a rare case of a primary mature, solid teratoma of the rectum. A 68-year-old woman presented with hematochezia and denied any history of abdominal pain or a change in bowel habits. Colonoscopy revealed a 4-cm pedunculated polyp in the rectum. No hair was present on its surface. The polyp was completely removed by polypectomy. Histologically, the tumor consisted of mature components from all 3 germ layers. Its surface was covered by squamous epithelium with hair follicles and sweat glands. Adipose tissue, blood vessels, bone, and glandular epithelium were present inside the mass. No evidence was found of immature elements or malignant features. CONCLUSIONS When polypoid lesions are found in the rectum, teratoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Histopathological confirmation is necessary to diagnose teratoma. Primary rectal teratomas should be distinguished from other neoplastic polyps as well as from local spread of teratomas arising in adjacent organs. These neoplasms are usually mature (benign) but may undergo malignant transformation. Therefore, complete resection is recommended to alleviate symptoms and avoid the risk of malignancy.
Topics: Aged; Dermoid Cyst; Female; Humans; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Rectum; Retroperitoneal Space; Teratoma
PubMed: 33518697
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.930272 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2022The purpose of this study was to characterize intradiploic dermoid and epidermoid orbital cysts to determine any differences in clinical, radiographic, or surgical... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to characterize intradiploic dermoid and epidermoid orbital cysts to determine any differences in clinical, radiographic, or surgical features.
METHODS
A retrospective review was performed of patients presenting with intradiplopic dermoid or epidermoid cysts. Additionally, a complete review of the literature was performed to identify cases of intradiplopic orbital dermoid and epidermoid cysts. Data collected included age, sex, presenting symptoms, location of intradiplopic cyst, ophthalmic findings, treatment, and follow-up. Clinical features of dermoid versus epidermoid cyst were compared. Additionally, machine-learning algorithms were developed to predict histopathology based on clinical features.
RESULTS
There were 55 cases of orbital intradiploic cysts, 49 from literature review and six from our cohort. Approximately 31% had dermoid and 69% had epidermoid histopathology. Average age of patients with dermoid cysts was significantly lesser than that of patients with epidermoid cysts (23 vs. 35 years, respectively; P = 0.048). There was no difference between sex predilection, presenting symptoms, radiographic findings, or surgical treatment of dermoids and epidermoids. The majority of patients (64%) underwent craniotomy for surgical removal. Machine-learning algorithms KStar and Neural Network were able to distinguish dermoid from epidermoid with accuracies of 76.3% and 69%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Orbital intradiploic cysts are more commonly epidermoid in origin. Dermoid cysts presented in younger patients; however, there were no other significant differences in features including ophthalmic or radiographic findings. Despite similar features, machine learning was able to identify dermoid versus epidermoid with good accuracy. Future studies may examine the role of machine learning for clinical guidance as well as new surgical options for intervention.
Topics: Dermoid Cyst; Epidermal Cyst; Humans; Machine Learning; Orbital Diseases; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35647991
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_52_22 -
The Journal of International Medical... May 2023To clarify the clinical characteristics and laparoscopic surgical outcomes of dermoid cysts complicated by spontaneous rupture. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To clarify the clinical characteristics and laparoscopic surgical outcomes of dermoid cysts complicated by spontaneous rupture.
METHODS
This was a single-center retrospective observational study of patients with dermoid cysts treated between January 2005 and December 2021.
RESULTS
Among 1205 cases of dermoid cysts, spontaneous rupture occurred in nine and torsion occurred in 83 cases. No obvious triggers for rupture were identified, except for one postpartum case with fundal uterine pressure maneuver. Rupture was identified by computed tomography (CT) in six cases. Patients with ruptured cysts had significantly higher serum C-reactive protein (CRP), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) levels compared with patients with uncomplicated dermoid cysts or cysts with torsion. Laparoscopic management was possible except for one case with severe adhesion, which required laparotomy. Two patients required prolonged postoperative administration of antibiotics due to refractory chemical peritonitis.
CONCLUSION
Combined use of CT imaging and elevated levels of CRP, CA125, CA19-9, and SCC may help to differentiate cyst rupture from torsion. Laparoscopic surgery may be a feasible option; however, prompt laparotomic conversion should be considered in cases with difficult adhesiolysis. Refractory chemical peritonitis may occur after successful surgical management.
Topics: Female; Humans; Dermoid Cyst; Rupture, Spontaneous; CA-19-9 Antigen; Retrospective Studies; Laparoscopy; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritonitis; Burns, Chemical; C-Reactive Protein; CA-125 Antigen; Treatment Outcome; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37138472
DOI: 10.1177/03000605231171023 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2023Teratomas are germ cell tumors occurring usually in gonadal organs. They are neoplasms composed of one or more of the three germ layers. Extragonadal teratomas are... (Review)
Review
Teratomas are germ cell tumors occurring usually in gonadal organs. They are neoplasms composed of one or more of the three germ layers. Extragonadal teratomas are uncommonly reported in the literature. The liver is an extremely rare site for teratoma, constituting < 1% of all teratomas. The majority of the liver teratomas are found in the pediatric population with only a dozen cases reported in adults to the best of our knowledge. We present a case of a 27-year-old male with a history of abdominal pain of 5 months duration. CT scan revealed liver mass suggesting teratoma. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and segmental liver resection. Histopathology revealed mature cystic teratoma. Complete resection remains the best treatment option. Teratomas of the liver are extremely rare, constituting < 1% of all teratomas. An extensive review of the literature yielded < 50 cases of primary hepatic teratomas with only a dozen cases in adults and only two cases in males.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Dermoid Cyst; Hepatectomy; Liver; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Teratoma
PubMed: 38084546
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_430_21 -
International Journal of Pediatric... Oct 2021The study aimed to present the accuracy of radiological diagnostics in pediatric patients with nasal dermoids and to discuss the potential factors influencing the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to present the accuracy of radiological diagnostics in pediatric patients with nasal dermoids and to discuss the potential factors influencing the radiological pitfalls on imaging in these cases.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The patient's cohort included 25 surgically treated pediatric cases with nasal dermoid. The results of preoperative imaging studies were analyzed regarding intraoperative findings. A review of the literature concerning a series of cases with nasal dermoid was performed in order to evaluate the possible radiological pitfalls and the accuracy of radiological imaging. The following statistical parameters for the particular radiological tools was determined: sensitivity, specificity, predictive positive values and predictive negative values.
RESULTS
Total number of 18 CT and 14 MRI were performed. 6 out of 32 radiological examinations occurred to be inconsistent with operative findings. Potential pitfalls were identified and discussed. All the patients with false radiological results were below the age of 5 and 83% were below the age of 3 y.o. The overall sensitivity (S), specificity (SP), predictive positive value (PPV) and predictive negative value (PNV) for CT vs. MRI were 68% vs. 79%, 90% vs. 95%, 65% vs. 86% and 90% vs. 92%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
MRI technique characterizes with higher predictive values in terms of identifying intracranial extension of nasal dermoid on imaging. Further analysis of radiological methods' accuracy should be conducted based on the detailed data concerning age distribution. The combination of CT and MRI should become a gold standard in diagnostics of nasal dermoids in children under the age of 5.
Topics: Child; Dermoid Cyst; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nose Neoplasms; Radiography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34329830
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110842 -
Medicine Jun 2023The mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCTO), is composed of mature differentiated elements, thus showing highly differentiated tissue and highly morphological... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
The mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCTO), is composed of mature differentiated elements, thus showing highly differentiated tissue and highly morphological heterogeneity. Although gastrointestinal epithelium can be identified in 7% to 13% of cases of MCTO, the occurrence of visible, functional, and fully developed loop tissue is rare in clinical practice.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 17-year-old female patient presented with persistent abdominal pain.
DIAGNOSIS
The patient was diagnosed with MCTO where a visible, functional intestinal loop was observed during laparoscopic surgery. Microscopy of the intestinal structure indicated a well-organized, intact layer of intestinal wall.
INTERVENTIONS
An emergency single-port laparoscopic excision of the right ovarian cyst and histopathology were performed.
OUTCOMES
After 2 years of follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence in the patient.
LESSONS
The immune signature of CK7-/CK20+ is characteristic of tumors of gastrointestinal origin and can be used to distinguish tumors associated with mature cystic teratoma. Besides, gynecologists should keep an eye on the possibility of malignant transformation malignant transformation of MCTO.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adolescent; Dermoid Cyst; Teratoma; Ovarian Neoplasms
PubMed: 37390246
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034081 -
Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2021
Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Dermoid Cyst; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 34932774
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021AI6347 -
Medicine Oct 2022Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) refers to the implantation of glial tissue on the visceral and parietal peritoneal surface, often associated with immature teratoma. It is a... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) refers to the implantation of glial tissue on the visceral and parietal peritoneal surface, often associated with immature teratoma. It is a rare condition and the pathogenesis is not fully understood. In addition, the indistinguishable radiological appearance of immature and mature teratomas, and limited pathology samples make an accurate diagnosis difficult in most cases. More importantly, patients are also at risk of recurrence after surgery. This report aims to describe the process of diagnosis and treatment of GP with immature teratoma.
PATIENT CONCERNS
The patient, a 38-year-old woman presented with GP complicated with immature teratoma after laparoscopic ovarian cyst excision.
DIAGNOSES
On physical examination, a 15 cm-pelvic mass, with poor mobility, was palpated. And tumor marker demonstrated a moderate increase in α-fetoprotein and carbohydrate antigen 125. We suspected malignancy according to the comprehensive preoperative evaluation, the postoperative pathology revealed an immature teratoma of the left ovary and complicated with gliomatosis peritonei. Three months after the second surgery, possible recurrence of immature teratoma was considered and the patient underwent the third laparotomy. But the postoperative pathology indicated mature teratoma and mature glial components in the pelvic lesions.
INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOME
The patient underwent 2 more surgical resections after the initial resection and 3 cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin regimen chemotherapy. She was regularly followed up in the outpatient after surgery, and no recurrence has been reported in the pelvic cavity till date.
LESSON
The case illuminated that the primary diagnosis of GP complicated with immature teratoma is critical but highly challenging for both gynecologists and pathologists and more attention should be paid to "GP complicated with immature cystic teratoma" patients to avoid inappropriate treatment.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Teratoma; Neuroglia; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dermoid Cyst
PubMed: 36316907
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031305 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Jan 2021Mature Cystic Teratoma (MCT) is a benign tumor that can lead to malignant transformation (MT) in 1-3% of cases. Management of MT is a big challenge for gynecologic...
BACKGROUND
Mature Cystic Teratoma (MCT) is a benign tumor that can lead to malignant transformation (MT) in 1-3% of cases. Management of MT is a big challenge for gynecologic oncologists due to the lack of specific diagnostic and treatment protocols.
CASE PRESENTATION
We reported two Iranian cases of MT of MCT with two different stages and prognosis. Our both cases presented the same symptoms, including chronic abdominal pain and distention, loss of appetite, and weight loss. In case number 1, despite the large size of the tumor, the disease was at stage Ia and had a good prognosis; while, case number 2 was at stage IIIc of the disease with a poor prognosis.
CONCLUSION
The stage of the disease is the most important prognostic factor, and early diagnosis and treatment are very critical for better survival.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Dermoid Cyst; Female; Humans; Iran; Ovarian Neoplasms; Teratoma
PubMed: 33499917
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02594-4