-
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2022
Topics: Humans; Maxilla; Maxillary Sinus; Micrognathism; Sjogren's Syndrome
PubMed: 35393283
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249659 -
International Journal of Implant... Apr 2022Tooth extraction and the projection of the tooth roots into the maxillary sinus are reported to greatly reduce the bone height from the alveolar ridge to the maxillary...
PURPOSE
Tooth extraction and the projection of the tooth roots into the maxillary sinus are reported to greatly reduce the bone height from the alveolar ridge to the maxillary sinus floor, while missing teeth are reported to lead to the expansion of the maxillary sinus, all of which are important considerations during dental implant treatment for the maxillary molar region. Therefore, assessing the anatomical characteristics of the maxillary sinus acting as complicating factors is crucial before sinus augmentation. We conducted a three-dimensional examination of the effects of missing teeth and nasal septal deviation (NSD) on maxillary sinus volume (MSV).
METHODS
We selected participants with two or more missing teeth from patients who underwent maxillary sinus augmentation for a unilateral free-end saddle between April 2019 and December 2020. We calculated the MSV and NSD using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). We compared the relationships of the presence/absence of teeth and NSD with MSV bilaterally in each patient using the Wilcoxon t-test. p-values < 0.05 denoted statistical significance.
RESULTS
This study included 30 patients (30 sinuses; 12 men, 18 women). The average patient age was 58.2 ± 10.2 years (men, 60.4 ± 3.7 years; women, 59.2 ± 4.5 years; range, 40-77 years). The mean number of missing teeth was 2.98 ± 1.01: 13 patients had two missing teeth and 17 had three or more missing teeth. Nine patients (30%) had NSD. The mean MSV on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of the NSD was 21.50 ± 3.84 cm and 22.10 ± 3.56 cm, respectively; thus, NSD did not affect MSV (p = 0.150). The mean MSV on the edentulous and non-edentulous sides was 21.58 ± 3.89 cm and 21.77 ± 4.30 cm, respectively; thus, the MSV was significantly smaller on the edentulous side (p = 0.00036).
CONCLUSION
Although this study was a limited preoperative study, three-dimensional measurement of the maxillary sinus with CBCT in partially edentulous patients revealed that missing teeth lead to substantial reductions in MSV, while NSD was not associated with MSV.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anodontia; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Mouth, Edentulous; Pilot Projects; Sinus Floor Augmentation; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 35428947
DOI: 10.1186/s40729-022-00415-5 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Nov 2023We investigated the anatomical and dental factors associated with unilateral maxillary sinus fungal ball (MSFB). Also, we evaluated the effect of combinations of those... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
We investigated the anatomical and dental factors associated with unilateral maxillary sinus fungal ball (MSFB). Also, we evaluated the effect of combinations of those factors on the incidence of MSFB.
METHODS
Three hundred patients were divided into MSFB, normal, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) groups. We reviewed paranasal computed tomography scans for the presence of deviated nasal septum, concha bullosa (CB), Haller cells, and various dental factors. Also, we measured the ethmoid infundibulum, maxillary natural ostium, and CB.
RESULTS
Maxillary sinus fungal ball showed a more significant association with CB compared to the other 2 groups (37%, < .05). The MSFB group had a lower rate of Haller cells than the normal group (10% vs 22%, respectively; < .05). Also, the MSFB group had a wider maxillary sinus ostium than the normal group (7.07 ± 1.8 vs 5.48 ± 1.3 mm; < .01). Moreover, the combination of CB and Haller cells was significantly associated with a decreased rate of the fungal ball ( = .047, odds ratio = 0.694). The dental factors were more prevalent in the MSFB and CRS groups (73% and 75%, respectively) than in the normal group (32%, < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
Maxillary sinus fungal ball is significantly associated with CB, Haller cells, an increased maxillary sinus ostium size, and dental factors.
Topics: Humans; Maxillary Sinus; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Foreign Bodies; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 34182819
DOI: 10.1177/01455613211028470 -
BioMed Research International 2021The objectives of this study were to evaluate the linear and volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus in relation to sex and side on cone beam computer tomographic...
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the linear and volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus in relation to sex and side on cone beam computer tomographic (CBCT) images in a Sri Lankan population.
METHODS
A total of 20 sets of CBCT images selected from the database at the Division of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, were evaluated. Linear measurements were obtained in a craniocaudal (height), anteroposterior (length), and mediolateral (width) dimensions. Volume was computed by using the same data using a computerized 3D modeling software developed for 3D measurements and calculations.
RESULTS
The maximum mean craniocaudal dimension was at the level of the 1st and the 2nd molar tooth bilaterally. The largest average craniocaudal, mediolateral, and anteroposterior extensions of the maxillary sinus using CBCT were 31.71 ± 5.44 mm, 21.28 ± 5.09 mm, and 32.92 ± 4.31 mm, respectively. The differences between the sides and sex showed no statistical significance ( > 0.05), except for the maximum average value in craniocaudal dimension which showed a statistically significant difference in relation to gender ( = 0.02).
CONCLUSION
There is no significant difference in the largest average craniocaudal, mediolateral, and anteroposterior extensions of the maxillary sinus when gender and side were compared. However, the maximum average value in craniocaudal dimension had a statistically significant difference in relation to gender. This study provides valuable knowledge of the anatomical dimensions of the maxillary sinus which may help clinicians in treatment planning.
Topics: Adult; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Organ Size; Sri Lanka
PubMed: 33928160
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6659085 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2023: This paper presents a unique study that links the physical conditions in the nasal passage with conditions that favour the development of bacterial strains and the...
: This paper presents a unique study that links the physical conditions in the nasal passage with conditions that favour the development of bacterial strains and the colonization of the mucous membranes of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The physical parameters considered were air flow, pressure, humidity, and temperature. : Numerical models of the human nose and maxillary sinus were retrospectively reconstructed from CT images of generally healthy young subjects. The state-of-the-art numerical methods and tools were then used to determine the temperature, humidity, airflow velocity, and pressure at specific anatomical locations. : The results were compared with optimal conditions for bacterial growth in the nose and sinuses. : Temperature, humidity, air velocity, and pressure were shown to play critical roles in the selection and distribution of microorganisms. Furthermore, certain combinations of physical parameters can favour mucosal colonisation by various strains of bacteria.
Topics: Humans; Maxillary Sinus; Retrospective Studies; Nasal Cavity; Computer Simulation; Temperature
PubMed: 37374298
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061094 -
Medical Science Monitor : International... Jan 2015Oral breathing causes many changes in the facial anatomical structures in adult patients. In this study we aimed to determine the effects of long-term oral breathing (>5...
BACKGROUND
Oral breathing causes many changes in the facial anatomical structures in adult patients. In this study we aimed to determine the effects of long-term oral breathing (>5 years) on the maxillary sinus volumes among adult male patients.
MATERIAL/METHODS
We accessed medical records of 586 patients who had undergone cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for any reason between September 2013 and April 2014. Patients who had undergone cone-beam dental volumetric tomography scans for any reason and who had answered a questionnaire about breathing were screened retrospectively. Cone beam dental volumetric tomography (I-Cat, Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA) was used to take the images of the maxillo-facial area at a setting of 120 kVp and 3.7 mA. This study involved male patients older than 21 years of age.
RESULTS
The study included a total of 239 male patients, of which 68 were oral breathers and 171 were nasal breathers. The mean age of the oral breathers was 48.4 years and that of the nasal breathers was 46.7 years and the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The mean maxillary sinus volumes of the oral and nasal breathers were 9043.49±1987.90 and 10851.77±2769.37, respectively, and the difference in maxillary sinus volume between the 2 groups was statistically significant (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The volume of maxillary sinus in oral breathers (>5 years) was significantly lower than in nasal breathers, but it remains unclear whether this is due to malfunctioning of the nasal cavity or due to the underlying pathological condition.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Mouth; Nasal Cavity; Respiration; Retrospective Studies; Software; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 25553770
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.891371 -
Annals of Saudi Medicine 2020There are limited data from Saudi Arabia on the prevalence and characteristics of maxillary sinus septa.
BACKGROUND
There are limited data from Saudi Arabia on the prevalence and characteristics of maxillary sinus septa.
OBJECTIVE
Determine the prevalence and morphological characteristics of septa in the maxillary sinus and their relationship to gender and age using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
DESIGN
Cross-sectional SETTING: CBCT images acquired from the maxillofacial radiology department in a dental school.
PATIENT AND METHODS
CBCT scans of 1010 maxillary sinuses from 505 patients were analyzed to determine the prevalence, location, type, and orientation of maxillary sinus septa. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and t tests were used to analyze the data.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The prevalence, location, type, and orientation of maxillary sinus septa.
SAMPLE SIZE
1010 sinuses from 505 patients.
RESULT
Approximately 46% of the studied patients had maxillary septa, which were present in 370 (37%) sinuses. About 64% of the septa were present on the right side and 85.7% of all septa were mediolater-ally oriented. The mean height of the septa was 6.06 mm (0.84) in the right sinuses and 5.70 mm (0.93) in the left sinuses. Multiple septa were found in 101 patients (20%). Among males, 58.5% had septa compared to 34% of females (<.001.) A significant positive association was found between age and the presence and number of septa, <.001.
CONCLUSIONS
Maxillary sinus septa were highly prevalent with various heights and directions among the studied sample. Careful assessment of different anatomic variation must be conducted prior to any maxillary sinus augmentation, particularly in older patients.
LIMITATIONS
Cross-sectional evaluation of CBCT images from one dental school patient population; thus, the findings cannot be generalized to other populations.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
None.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Saudi Arabia; Young Adult
PubMed: 32493027
DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2020.200 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Jul 2023Knowledge of the anatomy and variations of the maxillary sinus is essential for reducing oral surgery complications, such as sinus floor elevation, and increasing...
BACKGROUND
Knowledge of the anatomy and variations of the maxillary sinus is essential for reducing oral surgery complications, such as sinus floor elevation, and increasing surgery success. The CBCT images of 385 patients were examined.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The prevalence, localization, and height of PMO (Primer Maxillary Ostium) and AMO (Accessory Maxillary Ostium) were evaluated with respect to sex, dentition, dental treatment, Schneiderian membrane (SM) thickness, concha bullosa, Haller Cells, and septal deviation.
RESULTS
The PMO was present in 87.3% of all patients. Further analysis showed that the mean PMO diameter was 1.42 ± 0.62 mm. Although 11.6% of the PMO was in the inferior region, 60.4% was in the middle and 28% in the superior region. The effect of age and SM on the height and diameter of the PMO was found to be statistically significant. An AMO was present in 20% of the CBCT images. The mean AMO diameter was 2.55 ± 1.25 mm. Although 45.4% of the AMO was in the inferior region, 48% was in the middle and 6.6% was in the superior region. Moreover, SM thickness seemed to influence the height. A significant positive relationship was found between the PMO and AMO height. Also, a significant relationship was observed between the presence of the AMO and septum deviation.
CONCLUSION
The presence of the AMO, PMO diameter, and height should be added to the preoperative evaluation criteria for the success of sinus floor evaluation. Specifically, sinonasal and demographic conditions should be carefully examined preoperatively for the long-term success of the surgery.
Topics: Humans; Maxillary Sinus; Sinus Floor Augmentation; Nose Diseases; Oral Surgical Procedures; Surgery, Oral
PubMed: 37635585
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_863_22 -
PloS One 2022This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of early implant placement and functional loading in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) using...
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of early implant placement and functional loading in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2/hydroxyapatite (rhBMP-2/HA) and to compare these outcomes with those of the conventional protocol in MSFA using deproteinized bovine bone (DBB).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The rhBMP-2/HA and DBB groups consisted of 14 and 13 patients who underwent MSFA with BMP and DBB, respectively. After placement of 22 implants and 21 implants in the rhBMP-2/HA and DBB groups, respectively, abutment connections were performed 3 months after implant placement for the rhBMP-2/HA group and 6 months after implant placement for the DBB group. Changes in grafted sinus height (GSH), marginal bone loss (MBL), and implant stability were evaluated up to one year after functional loading.
RESULTS
Survival rates for the rhBMP-2/HA and DBB groups after one year of functional loading were 90.9% and 90.5%, respectively. Both groups exhibited no significant time-course changes in GSH until one year of functional loading (rhBMP-2/HA, p = 0.124; DBB, p = 0.075). Although significant MBL occurred after one year of functional loading for both groups (rhBMP-2/HA, p < 0.001; DBB, p < 0.001), there were no significant differences in time-course changes in MBL between the two groups (p = 0.450). The mean implant stability quotient values in the rhBMP-2/HA and DBB groups were 75.3 and 75.4 after one year of functional loading, respectively, and there were no significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.557).
CONCLUSIONS
MSFA using rhBMP-2/HA allowed implant rehabilitation with early implant placement and functional loading and led to a comparable survival rate and implant stability after 1 year of functional loading with acceptable MBL and stable maintenance of GSH compared to the MSFA using DBB with 6 months of healing after implant placement.
Topics: Animals; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Cattle; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Durapatite; Humans; Maxillary Sinus; Sinus Floor Augmentation
PubMed: 36007001
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273399 -
Annals of African Medicine 2023Odontogenic sinusitis is a prevalent but frequently unrecognized condition, and periapical pathologies of maxillary posterior teeth are accused as one of the main...
CONTEXT
Odontogenic sinusitis is a prevalent but frequently unrecognized condition, and periapical pathologies of maxillary posterior teeth are accused as one of the main causative factors.
AIM
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the periapical status of maxillary posterior teeth and its proximity to the maxillary sinus floor in the occurrence of incidental sinus pathologies using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
METHODOLOGY
CBCT scans of 118 patients of age range 18-77 years were evaluated retrospectively to determine the relationship of maxillary posterior teeth to sinus floor in which vertical relationship was assessed using modified Kwak's classification and periapical status using CBCT periapical index. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistics software.
RESULTS
Of all 227 sinuses examined, 56.8% showed pathological changes, with mucosal thickening being the most common. More than 50% (50.2%) of sinuses were associated with periapical lesions of at least one maxillary posterior tooth based on evidence of pathological mucosal thickening. The presence of pathologic mucosal thickening was also significantly related (P < 0.05) to the presence of periapical pathologies. There was a significant association between tooth position and pathological sinus mucosal thickening, especially with second molars, first molars, and second premolars, respectively (P < 0.05). Second molar involvement was the most significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The present study established a positive association between periapical disease status of maxillary posteriors and maxillary sinus mucosal thickening. Maxillary second premolar and first and second molars pathologies can significantly affect the maxillary sinus compared to other maxillary posterior tooth. CBCT proved to be an efficient imaging modality in detecting these changes.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Maxillary Sinus; Retrospective Studies; Prevalence; Sinus Floor Augmentation; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
PubMed: 37417021
DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_74_22